CiNii Books - Interactions, nationalism, gender and lineage

A sequel to the groundbreaking volume, Race and Racism in Modern East Asia: Western and Eastern Constructions, the present volume examines in depth interactions between Western racial constructions of East Asians and local constructions of race and their outcomes in modern times. Focusing on China, Japan and the two Koreas, it also analyzes the close ties between race, racism and nationalism, as well as the links race has had with gender and lineage in the region. Written by some of the field's leading authorities, this insightful and engaging 23-chapter volume offers a sweeping overview and analysis of racial constructions and racism in modern and contemporary East Asia that is unsurpassed in previous scholarship.

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations and Tables Conventions Preface 1. Introduction: The Synthesis of Foreign and Indigenous Constructions of Race in Modern East Asia and Its Actual Operation, Rotem Kowner and Walter Demel I. Antecedents: A Detailed Examination of Early Western Racial Constructions of East Asians II. Interactions: The Fusion of European and Asian Constructions of Race III. Nationalism: Interactions between Race and Ethnic Nationalism in East Asia IV. Gender and Lineage: The Impact of Domestic and Foreign Racial Constructions PART I: ANTECEDENTS 2. East Asians in the Linnaean Taxonomy: Sources and Implications of a Racial Image, Rotem Kowner and Christina Skott The Linnaean Revolution and View of Humankind Sources of Linnaeus' Racial Perspective on East Asians The Essence of Asia: Swedish Views of China Swedish Reports and Linnaeus' Revision of His Human Taxonomy Linnaeus' Legacy and the Unfolding Racial View of East Asians 3. Constructing Racial Theories on East Asians as a Transnational "Western" Enterprise, 1750-1850, Walter Demel The Founding Fathers of Racial Theories: Linnaeus, Buffon, Kant and Camper The Second Generation: Multiple Directions 4. The 'Races' of East Asia in Nineteenth-Century European Encyclopaedias, Georg Lehner Classifying the Peoples of Asia The Encyclopedias' Main Sources for Remarks on the "Races" of East Asia Chinese, Japanese and Koreans: Descriptions of East Asian peoples Stereotypes of East Asians in General Knowledge Visual Representations of Race in Works of General Knowledge Concluding Remarks 5. The Racial Image of the Japanese in the Western Press Published in Japan, 1861-1881, Olavi K. Falt Background The Oldest People on Earth The Shining Japanese Race Weak and Inferior Race Praising the Endeavors of a Poor Race Conclusion PART II: INTERACTIONS 6. The Propagation of Racial Thought in Nineteenth-Century China, Daniel Barth The Background: Imperial China and the "Other" Stage I (1846-1851): Marques and Wei Yuan Stage II (1851-1855): Hobson and Muirhead Stage III (1855-1872): The Self-Strengthening Movement Stage IV (1872-1892): John Fryer and the Chinese Scientific and Industrial Magazine Conclusion: Chinese Intellectuals, Social Darwinism and Race 7. Learning from the South: Japan's Racial Construction of Southern Chinese, 1895-1941, Huei-Ying Kuo The South Seas as Japan's Backyard, 1895-1914 Japan's Expansion into the Southern Chinese Networks, 1914-1928 Chinese Anti-Japanese Nationalism and Japanese Discourses on South Seas Chinese, 1928-1936 Southern Chinese as Non-Han Races, 1936-1941 Conclusions 8. "The Great Question of the World Today": Britain, the Dominions, East Asian Immigration and the Threat of Race War, 1905-11, Antony Best Immigration and "the Awakening of Asia" The Prophets of Race War Critics of White Solidarity Finessing the Racial Divide Conclusions 9. "Uplifting the Weak and Degenerated Races of East Asia": American and Indigenous Views of Sport and Body in Early Twentieth-Century East Asia, Stefan Hubner Sportive Citizenship Training in the Philippines Chinese Cooperation and Acceptance of American-Style Modernization Japanese Resistance and its Defeat by American Style Modernization Conclusion 10. Racism under Negotiation: The Japanese Race in the Nazi-German Perspective, Gerhard Krebs Early Nazi Views on the Japanese Racial Position Becoming More Aryan The Problem with the Japanese in the Nazi Worldview Continuing Mutual Mistrust The End 11. Discourses of Race and Racism in Modern Korea, 1890s-1945 , Vladimir Tikhonov Race and Its Uncertainties The Emergence of Race Theories in Modern Korea: One of the Logics of the "Civilized World" "Race" and "Ethnic Nation" in Colonial Korea, 1910-1945 Conclusion: Race as a Path to Modernist Self-assertion? 12. The United States Arrives: Racialization and Racism in Post-1945 South Korea, Nadia Y. Kim Contextual Background: America Marches In and Mass Mediates The American Military, Whiteness, and Imperialist Racial Formation American Mass Media, White Heroes, and Counter-Hegemony Blackness and Imperialist Racial Formation Racism and Invisibility in Korean "America" Concluding Remarks 13. A Post-Communist Coexistence in Northeast Asia? Mutual Racial Attitudes among Russians and Indigenous Peoples of Siberia, David Lewis Discrimination against Siberian Peoples as an Outcome of Racial Prejudice The Origin and Legacy of Russian Attitudes to Asians Racial Attitudes among Indigenous Siberian Peoples The Communist Model of Racial Modus Vivendi The Impact of Prolonged Racism on Indigenous Siberian Peoples Marriage as an Anti-Racist Means in a Multi-Racial Society PART III: NATIONALISM 14. Nationalism and Internationalism: Sino-American Racial Perceptions of the Korean War, Lu Xun Descendants of the Mongolian Hordes: American Perceptions of the Chinese The Ambitious Wolf: Chinese Perceptions of Americans The Mirrored Self: A Nation-State in the Making 15. Gangtai Patriotic Songs and Racialized Chinese Nationalism, Yinghong Cheng Gangtai Patriotic Songs: A "Colored" Political Genre of Pop Music A Tacit Collaboration between the Party-State and Capitalist Cultural Producers in Hong Kong and Taiwan The Interaction between Gangtai Patriotic Songs and Chinese Popular Nationalism Analyses Concluding Remarks 16. Japanese as Both a "Race" and a "Non-Race": The Politics of Jinshu and Minzoku and the Depoliticization of Japaneseness, Yuko Kawai The Historical Trajectories of Jinshu and Minzoku Being a "Race" and a "Non-Race" in Present-day Japan: An Empirical Study Conclusions and Implications 17. Ethnic Nationalism in Postwar Japan: Nihonjinron and Its Racial Facets, Rotem Kowner and Harumi Befu Premises of Nihonjinron Nihonjinron as a Manifestation of Japanese Nationalism Nihonjinron and Its Concern with Origin, Blood and Racial Hierarchy The Impact of Race-Related Tenets on Everyday Life Functions of Ethnic Nationalism in Contemporary Japan Concluding Remarks 18. Ethnic Nationalism and Internationalism in the North Korean Worldview, Tatiana Gabroussenko The Soviet Discourse of the Outside World: Conditional Internationalism The North Korean Worldview in the "Soviet Era": Echoing the Soviet Paradigm Mono-Ethnicity as a Special Korean Virtue: The Evolution of the North Korean World Vision under the Influence of Juche North Korean Propaganda about Foreigners from Inclusive and Alienating Perspectives Conclusion PART IV: GENDER AND LINEAGE 19. In the Name of the Master: Race, Nationalism and Masculinity in Chinese Martial Arts Cinema, Kai-man Chang From Anti-imperialist Nationalism to Cultural Nationalism Masculinities That Matter Conclusion 20. Sexualized Racism, Gender and Nationalism: The Case of Japan's Sexual Enslavement of Korean "Comfort Women", Bang-soon Yoon Korean "Comfort Women": Drawn in as Substitutes The Nature of Victimization Colonial Policies and the Mobilization of Korean Women Treatment of Korean "Comfort Women" Lives under Sexual Slavery Nationalism, Gender and Sexual Violence Conclusion 21. "The Guilt Feeling That You Exist": War, Racism and Indisch-Japanese Identity Formation, Aya Ezawa Power, Discourse, and "Mixed Blood" The Indisch and the Dutch East Indies The Indisch Community under Japanese Occupation Indisch-Japanese Relationships Indisch-Japanese Descendants Conclusion 22. 'The "Amerasian" Knot: Transpacific Crossings of "GI Babies" from Korea to the United States, W. Taejin Hwang "An Act of Both Humanity and Patriotism": The Amerasian Immigration Act of 1982 "Confucius' Outcasts": The Korean Amerasian "Plight" Inter-country Adoption of Korean "GI Babies" Living as a "Mixed-Blood Child" (Honhyeola) in Cold War Korea "Half-American Also is American": Towards Migration Conclusion and Postscript PART V: CONCLUSIONS 23. The Essence and Mechanisms of Race and Racism in Modern East Asia, Rotem Kowner and Walter Demel The East Asian Contribution to the Study of Race and Racism East Asia's Role within the Rise of Racial Theory and the Resulting Hybridity Sources and Manifestations of Racism The Close Links between Racism and Nationalism The Role of Gender and Lineage in Constructions of Race and Racism East Asia and the Future of Race and Racism Contributors Bibliography Index

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