Radio telescope reflectors : historical development of design and construction
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書誌事項
Radio telescope reflectors : historical development of design and construction
（Astrophysics and space science library, 447）
Springer, c2018
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内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book demonstrates how progress in radio astronomy is intimately linked to the development of reflector antennas of increasing size and precision. The authors describe the design and construction of major radio telescopes as those in Dwingeloo, Jodrell Bank, Parkes, Effelsberg and Green Bank since 1950 up to the present as well as millimeter wavelength telescopes as the 30m MRT of IRAM in Spain, the 50m LMT in Mexico and the ALMA submillimeter instrument. The advances in methods of structural design and coping with environmental influences (wind, temperature, gravity) as well as application of new materials are explained in a non-mathematical, descriptive and graphical way along with the story of the telescopes. Emphasis is placed on the interplay between astronomical and electromagnetic requirements and structural, mechanical and control solutions. A chapter on management aspects of large telescope projects closes the book. The authors address a readership with interest in the progress of engineering solutions applied to the development of radio telescope reflectors and ground station antennas for satellite communication and space research. The book will also be of interest to historians of science and engineering with an inclination to astronomy.
目次
Preface.- Contents.- Introduction.- Evolution of the Telescope.- Some History.- General characteristics of optical and radio telescopes.- Technological challenges for optical telescopes.- Technological challenges for radio telescopes.- Basic specifications of a reflector radio telescope.-Summary.- Birth of Radio Astronomy.- Early history of radio telescopes - Jansky, Reber, Wurzburg antenna.- The first large radio telescopes (Dwingeloo, Stockert, Jodrell, Parkes, NRAO 300/140).- Structural Design of Reflector Antennas - Homology.- Introduction and Requirements.- The design of homologous structures.- The design of a 65-m homologous mm-telescope.- The Effelsberg 100-m Radio Telescope.- Backup structure and deformation patterns.- Four-point support - The WSRT Antennas.- The GMRT in India - the SMART concept.- Emergence of Millimeter-wavelength Telescopes.- Into mm-wavelengths.- The NRAO 36-ft antenna.- The IRAM Millimeter Radio Telescope (MRT).- The Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT).- The Nobeyama 45-m millimeter Telescope.- Radomes, enclosures, exposed designs (ESSCO, JCMT).- Submillimeter-wavelength Telescopes.- Introduction (specification, material choice - CFRP).- Leighton's dish and the CSO telescope.- CFRP telescopes - IRAM 15-m and HHT.- ALMA antennas.- Conclusion and outlook.- Alternative Reflector Geometries.- Telescopes with fixed main reflectors.- Horn antennas.- Offset reflector antennas - MeerKAT, SKA, GBT.- The magnetic Aspects of the Reflector Antenna.- Introduction.- Geometry of Cassegrain/Gregory telescope.- Radiation pattern of a circular aperture.- Major parameters of the reflector antenna.- Tolerance requirements on imperfections.- Measuring antenna parameters with cosmic radio sources.- Radio holographic measurement of reflector profile.- Progress in electromagnetic design.- Conclusion.- Appendix - Aberrations and Zernike polynomials.- Design and Optimization Methods.- General Remarks to the design process.- Structural and mechanical aspects of optical layout .- Structural, mechanical and servo design.- FE analysis and structural optimization.- Thermal and wind analysis.- End-to-end simulation and flexible body control.- Engineering budgets.- Verification - Surface and Pointing Measurement Methods.- Measurement and setting of reflector surface.- Pointing error and defocus by structural deformations.- Pointing Model.- Commissioning and Overall performance.- Realization.- Customer and contractors.- Project managers and system engineers.- Industrialization aspects, costs .- Technological aspects.- Workshops in foreign countries.- References.- Name index.- Subject index.- Acronyms and abbreviation.
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