American business since 1920 : how it worked

著者

書誌事項

American business since 1920 : how it worked

Thomas K. McCraw, William R. Childs

（The American history series）

Wiley Blackwell, 2018

3rd ed

  • : pbk

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. 307-363) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Tells the story of how America's biggest companies began, operated, and prospered post-World War I This book takes the vantage point of people working within companies as they responded to constant change created by consumers and technology. It focuses on the entrepreneur, the firm, and the industry, by showing-from the inside-how businesses operated after 1920, while offering a good deal of Modern American social and cultural history. The case studies and contextual chapters provide an in-depth understanding of the evolution of American management over nearly 100 years. American Business Since 1920: How It Worked presents historical struggles with decision making and the trend towards relative decentralization through stories of extraordinarily capable entrepreneurs and the organizations they led. It covers: Henry Ford and his competitor Alfred Sloan at General Motors during the 1920s; Neil McElroy at Procter & Gamble in the 1930s; Ferdinand Eberstadt at the government's Controlled Materials Plan during World War II; David Sarnoff at RCA in the 1950s and 1960s; and Ray Kroc and his McDonald's franchises in the late twentieth century and early twenty-first; and more. It also delves into such modern success stories as Amazon.com, eBay, and Google. Provides deep analysis of some of the most successful companies of the 20th century Contains topical chapters covering titans of the 2000s Part of Wiley-Blackwell's highly praised American History Series American Business Since 1920: How It Worked is designed for use in both basic and advanced courses in American history, at the undergraduate and graduate levels.

目次

Introduction 1 Past and Present 1 The Story Told Here 2 Trends 3 A Matter of Size 6 The Key Internal Problem 7 Broader Contexts 8 American Business and the World 11 The American Business Achievement 12 Chapter One: Modern Management in the 1920s: GM Defeats Ford 15 Cars, Trucks, and Freedom 15 Henry Ford, Mass Production, and Centralized Management 17 Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. and Decentralized Management 20 General Motors Versus the Ford Motor Company: The Triumph of Decentralized Management 22 Lessons Learned 26 Chapter Two: Overview: Business Welfare Capitalism, the Financial System, and the Great Depression 29 Responding to the Dark Side - Business Welfare Capitalism in the 1920s 29 Functions of Finance 31 Historical Context of American Finance to 1920 33 Wall Street and the Stock Market in the 1920s 34 The Great Depression 36 Successful Firms During the Great Depression 40 Chapter Three: Brand Management at Procter & Gamble 43 Procter & Gamble: Multiple Products and Marketing 43 Firm Culture 45 Building the Market 47 Neil McElroy and Brands 49 Doc Smelser and the Market Research Department 51 Lessons of Brands 53 Changes at P&G in the Early Twenty ]first Century 55 People as Brands 56 Chapter Four: The New Deal and World War II: Regulation and Mobilization, 1933-1945 59 Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal 60 The Extension and Decentralization of Regulation 63 The World at War 66 The Marvel of American War Production 68 The Problem of Mobilization 69 The Solution: Decentralization through the Controlled Materials Plan 71 World War II as a Transformative Event 75 Aviation Matures: Boeing 81 Postscript: Scandals 85 Photo Group 1 87 Chapter Five: Overview: Postwar Prosperity and Social Revolution, 1945-1970s 95 The Cold War and Business 95 Economic Trends 97 The Place of Business in Society 100 Boomers, Social Movements, and the Government 102 Environmentalism 104 Chapter Six: Overview: The Empowerment of Women and Minorities in Business 107 Women 108 Women in the Workforce 111 Women in Top Management 112 African Americans 117 African Americans in Top Management 122 Hispanics 125 Hispanics in Top Management 129 Foreign ]born CEOs of American Firms 133 Photo Group 2 135 Chapter Seven: Science and R&D: From TV to Biotechnology 145 R&D During the Cold War 145 David Sarnoff and RCA 146 Sarnoff and Television 152 Lessons from RCA's Mismanagement 158 The Perils of High ]Tech Markets 160 Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, and Biotechnology 162 Chapter Eight: Franchising and McDonald's 173 The Economic and Social Context of Franchising 174 The McDonald Brothers 178 Ray Kroc 180 Financial Wizardry at McDonald's 184 How McDonald's Worked 187 Internationalization 190 Marketing, Labor, Nutrition, and the Environment: The Positives and Negatives of Franchising 191 Past and Future 197 Chapter Nine: The IT Revolution and Silicon Valley: Relentless Change 199 Early Days 200 IBM 202 Silicon Valley and a New Business Culture 206 The Internet and the World Wide Web 209 Companies and Personalities: Amazon, eBay, and Google 211 Expansion of the Internet: Cloud Computing, the Sharing Economy, and the Internet of Things 223 Chapter Ten: Overview: Financialization of Capitalism, 1980s to 2000s 229 "Deindustrialization" 231 Neoliberalism and the Extension of the Economists' Hour 233 Surge in Globalization 236 Negatives of Neoliberalism and Globalization 238 Financialization 240 Excessive Pay for Executives and Fund Managers 255 The Problem of Opacity 258 Chapter Eleven: Business and the Great Recession 261 The Mortgage Mess 263 The Government Tries to Catch Up to a Financial Industry Under Duress 266 Reforms 276 Failures of Government Catch ]up 279 Photo Group 3 283 Epilogue 297 Bibliographical Essay 307 Acknowledgments 365 Index 367

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