Digital holographic methods : low coherent microscopy and optical trapping in nano-optics and biomedical metrology
著者
書誌事項
Digital holographic methods : low coherent microscopy and optical trapping in nano-optics and biomedical metrology
(Springer series in optical sciences, v. 221)
Springer, c2018
大学図書館所蔵 全4件
  青森
  岩手
  宮城
  秋田
  山形
  福島
  茨城
  栃木
  群馬
  埼玉
  千葉
  東京
  神奈川
  新潟
  富山
  石川
  福井
  山梨
  長野
  岐阜
  静岡
  愛知
  三重
  滋賀
  京都
  大阪
  兵庫
  奈良
  和歌山
  鳥取
  島根
  岡山
  広島
  山口
  徳島
  香川
  愛媛
  高知
  福岡
  佐賀
  長崎
  熊本
  大分
  宮崎
  鹿児島
  沖縄
  韓国
  中国
  タイ
  イギリス
  ドイツ
  スイス
  フランス
  ベルギー
  オランダ
  スウェーデン
  ノルウェー
  アメリカ
注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book presents not only the simultaneous combination of optical methods based on holographic principles for marker-free imaging, real-time trapping, identification and tracking of micro objects, but also the application of substantial low coherent light sources and non-diffractive beams. It first provides an overview of digital holographic microscopy (DHM) and holographic optical tweezers as well as non-diffracting beam types for minimal-invasive, real-time and marker-free imaging as well as manipulation of micro and nano objects.
It then investigates the design concepts for the optical layout of holographic optical tweezers (HOTs) and their optimization using optical simulations and experimental methods. In a further part, the book characterizes the corresponding system modules that allow the addition of HOTs to commercial microscopes with regard to stability and diffraction efficiency. Further, based on experiments and microfluidic applications, it demonstrates the functionality of the combined setup, and discusses several types of non-diffracting beams and their application in optical manipulation. The book shows that holographic optical tweezers, including several non-diffracting beam types like Mathieu beams, combined parabolic and Airy beams, not only open up the possibility of generating efficient multiple dynamic traps for micro and nano particles with forces in the pico and nano newton range, but also the opportunity to exert optical torque with special beams like Bessel beams, which can facilitate the movement and rotation of particles by generating microfluidic flows. The last part discusses the potential use of a slightly modified DHM-HOT-system to explore the functionality of direct laser writing based on a two photon absorption process in a negative photoresist with a continuous wave laser
目次
1 Introduction 1
2 Theory 7
2.1 Basicprinciplesofholography....................... 7
2.1.1 Classicholography ......................... 8
2.1.2 Fourierholography ......................... 10
2.1.3 Digitalholography ......................... 12
2.1.4 Computergeneratedholograms .................. 12
2.1.5 Numerical reconstruction of digital holograms . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2 Phasesshiftingreconstructionmethods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2.1 Temporalphaseshiftingmethod. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.2.2 Spatialphaseshiftingtechniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3 Numeric propagation of the complex object wave . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.3.1 Digitalholographicmicroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4 Benefits of the Partially Spatial Coherence for DHM . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.4.1 SpatialFrequencyFiltering .................... 23
2.4.2 MultipleReflectionRemoval.................... 27
2.5 Typesofspatiallightmodulators ..................... 29
2.5.1 Differentmethodsofaddressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.5.2 Digital micromirror devices and liquid crystal SLMs . . . . . . . 30
2.5.3 Light modulators as holographic elements . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.6 Micromanipulationwithlight ....................... 34
2.6.1 Observationofthemomentum................... 35
2.6.2 Geometric optical explanation -Mie regime . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.6.3 Wave optical analysis -Rayleigh regime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2.6.4 Features and influences of optical traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2.6.5 Algorithms for generating optical trap patterns in Fourier plane 42
2.6.6 Calibrationofthetrapforces ................... 43
2.7 Dynamic holography for optical micromanipulation . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.8 Applicationsofopticaltweezers ...................... 46
2.9 Diffractive and non-diffractive beam types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
2.9.1 Gaussianbeams........................... 47
2.9.2 Besselbeams ............................ 48
2.9.3 Superpositionofbesselbeams................... 51
2.9.4 Laguerre............................... 56
2.9.5 Mathieubeams ........................... 57
2.9.6 Airybeams ............................. 59
2.10 Direct laser writing with two-photon polymerization . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3 State of the art 63
3.1 Systemsforopticaltraps.......................... 63
3.2 Imaging by means of digital holographic quantitative phase contrast methods................................... 64
3.3 Directlaserwritinglithography ...................... 65
3.4 Multifunctional combined microscopy systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.5 OverviewofHOT-systemsinresearch................... 67
4 Experimental investigations 69
4.0.1 Introduction -Objectives and Justifications . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.1 Subsequent digital holographic focussing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.1.1 Autofocus strategies and application to phase distributions . . . 70
4.1.2 Haltonsampling .......................... 74
4.1.3 Experimentalinvestigations .................... 76
4.2 Digital Holographic Microscopy with partially coherent light sources . . 78
4.2.1 Optical Setups and Digital Holographic Reconstruction . . . . . 79
4.2.2 CoherentNoiseRemoval...................... 80
4.2.3 Experimental Demonstrations and Applications . . . . . . . . . 81 BiomedicalApplications ...................... 81 StudyofCellCultures ....................... 81
4.2.4 Adaptionofreconstructionmethods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Reconstruction with consideration of spectrum . . . . . . . . . . 83 Experimentalinvestigations .................... 85
4.2.5 Tayloringofcoherencelength ................... 88<
4.3 Application of atomic force microscopy in NMM-1 as reference system . 93
4.3.1 Introduction............................. 94
4.3.2 Propertiesofapplieddevices.................... 95 Nanopositioning and nanomeasuring machine . . . . . . . . . . 95 Integration of AFM-sensor into the NMM-1 . . . . . . . . . . . 96
4.3.3 Calibration ............................. 97
Demands .............................. 97
Nano-andmicroroughness..................... 98
Measurementstrategy ....................... 99
Correctionofverticaldrift..................... 99
4.3.4 Experimentalresults ........................103 Measurements on calibration gratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Applicationonopticalsurfaces ..................105
4.4 SimulationanddesignofHOTsetups...................107
4.4.1 SystemRequirements........................107
4.4.2 Considerationsonopticaldesign. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
4.4.3 Investigations on experimental optical system . . . . . . . . . . 110 Moduleforopticaltweezers ....................111 Digital holographic phase contrast microscopy . . . . . . . . . . 115 Overallsystem ...........................115
4.4.4 Opticalsimulationwithraytracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
4.4.5 Optical properties of the calculated system . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Tolerance analysis and sensitivity of optical setup . . . . . . . . 120
4.4.6 Optomechanicalsetup .......................122
4.5 CharacterizationoftheSLM........................124
4.5.1 Calibrationoflinearphaseshift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
4.5.2 Correction of the system inherent wavefront aberrations . . . . . 127
4.5.3 Addressing and reconstruction of holograms . . . . . . . . . . . 129
4.6 Characterizationoftheoverallsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
4.6.1 Wavefront based system optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
4.6.2 Generation of variable intensity patterns in the object plane . . 134
4.6.3 Micromanipulation of microspheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
4.6.4 Determinationofthetrapforce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
4.6.5 Imaging of biological cells using quantitative phase-contrast . . 138
4.6.6 Conclusionsandoutlook......................139
4.7 Integrationinnanopositioningsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
4.7.1 Nano coordinate measuring machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
4.7.2 Experimental investigations on sensor integration . . . . . . . . 142
4.8 Realisation and illustration of beam configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
4.8.1 Bessel ................................144
4.8.2 Mathieu...............................145
4.8.3 Laguerre...............................149
4.8.4 Airy .................................150
4.9 Application of trapping patterns and optical torque . . . . . . . . . . . 151
4.10HOT-DHM-combination ..........................153
4.11 Direct laser writing with modified HOT-setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
4.12 Nanoantennaassistedtrapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
5 Summary 171
6 Prospects 173
Bibliography 178
Appendix 204
A.1 Developedsoftware.............................204
A.1.1 ImplementedsoftwareforDHM..................204
A.1.2 ImplementedsoftwareforHOTs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
A.1.3 OpenGL Code for hologram rendering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
A.1.4 Graphical user interface for complex beam configurations . . . . 212
A.1.5 Extension of HOT-software for multifocal direct laser writing . . 214 Slicer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
A.2 Technicalinformation............................217
A.2.1 Optic simulation: System data of HOT-module . . . . . . . . . 217
A.2.2 Callibration using a wavefront sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
A.2.3 Interferometrically determined form error of SLM . . . . . . . . 219
A.2.4 Photosofmoduleforopticaltrapping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
B.1 Specificationsofutilizedsystems ......................221
B.1.1 Supercontinuumlightsource ...................221
B.1.2 SpatialLightModulator(SLM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
B.1.3 Spectrometer ............................225
B.1.4 Lightpowermeters.........................225
B.1.5 Technical specifications of applied cameras . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
B.1.6 Piezoactuator ............................227
B.1.7 Resolutiontestchart........................227
B.1.8 Ultra-brightlightemittingdiodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
B.1.9 Lambertemitters..........................230
B.1.10 CIE-classification of light sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
B.2 Theoreticalbasics..............................231
B.2.1 Holographythroughoutthetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
B.2.2 Maxwellequations .........................233
B.3 WaveOptics.................................233
B.3.1 Fouriertransformandconvolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
B.3.2 Spatial frequency transfer function and spatial impulse response ofpropagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
B.3.3 ExamplesofFresneldiffraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
B.3.4 Fraunhoferdiffraction .......................237
B.3.5 Fourier transforming property of ideal lenses . . . . . . . . . . . 240
B.3.6 Synopsis of further holographic reconstruction algorithms . . . . 242
B.3.7 Mathematical approximation of the refractive index . . . . . . . 243
B.3.8 Zernikepolynoms..........................244
B.3.9 ForbesPolynomials.........................247
B.3.10Gaussianoptics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
List of abbreviations 253
List of Figures 254
List of Tables 258
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