CiNii 図書 - Living ethics : an introduction with readings

Living Ethics: An Introduction with Readings is an ideal all-in-one resource for courses in introduction to ethics and contemporary moral problems. In this hybrid textbook/reader, Russ Shafer-Landau brings moral theory and contemporary moral issues to life with a comprehensive and balanced set of readings, uniquely engaging explanations, and clear analysis of arguments.The book balances coverage of moral reasoning (in Part 1) with highly relevant contemporary moral problems (in Part 2).Part 2 also features a rich collection of pedagogical tools to help students understand and think critically about the various contemporary moral issues discussed:* Just the Facts: Provides students with relevant factual material, offering necessary background for the book's ethical investigations* Argument Analysis: Reconstructs and critically assesses a battery of arguments on the topics of the chapter* Essential Concepts: Key terms that are placed in bold on first mention in the text (also available in the glossary)* Stat Shots: Visual presentations of quantitative data provide additional context for the chapter's subject matter* Cases for Critical Thinking: Often taken from headlines, these exercises are designed to invite deeper reflection on issues related to the chapter topic

PART 1. MORAL THEORY Chapter 1. What Is Morality? Conventional and Critical Morality The Branches of Moral Philosophy Moral Starting Points Morality and Other Normative Systems Morality and Religion Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Chapter 2. Moral Reasoning Validity and Soundness Necessary and Sufficient Conditions Valid Argument Forms Fallacies Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Chapter 3. Skepticism about Morality Egoism Relativism Error Theory Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Readings Mary Midgley, Trying Out One's New Sword J. L. Mackie, The Subjectivity of Values Chapter 4. The Good Life Hedonism Desire Satisfaction Theory Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Readings John Stuart Mill, Hedonism Robert Nozick, The Experience Machine Chapter 5. Consequentialism The Nature of Consequentialism The Attractions of Utilitarianism Some Difficulties for Utilitarianism Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Reading John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism Chapter 6. Kantian Ethics Consistency and Fairness The Principle of Universalizability Hypothetical and Categorical Imperatives Assessing the Principle of Universalizability Kant on Absolute Moral Duties The Principle of Humanity Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Reading Immanuel Kant, The Good Will and the Categorical Imperative Chapter 7. Social Contract Theory The Background of the Social Contract Theory The Prisoner's Dilemma Cooperation and the State of Nature The Advantages of Contractarianism The Role of Consent Disagreement among the Contractors Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Reading Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan Chapter 8. Natural Law The Theory and Its Attractions Three Conceptions of Human Nature Natural Purposes The Doctrine of Double Effect Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Reading Thomas Aquinas, Natural Law Chapter 9. The Ethic of Prima Facie Duties Ethical Pluralism and Prima Facie Duties The Advantages of Ross's View A Problem for Ross's View Prima Facie Duties and the Testing of Moral Theories Knowing the Right Thing to Do Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Reading W. D. Ross, What Makes Right Actions Right? Chapter 10. Virtue Ethics The Standard of Right Action Moral Complexity Moral Understanding The Nature of Virtue Does Virtue Ethics Offer Adequate Moral Guidance? Who Are the Moral Role Models? Conflict and Contradiction The Priority Problem Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Reading Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics Chapter 11. Feminist Ethics and the Ethics of Care The Elements of Feminist Ethics The Ethics of Care The Importance of Emotions Against Unification Partiality and Concreteness Downplaying Rights Challenges for Feminist Ethics Conclusion Essential Concepts: Discussion Questions: Reading Hilde Lindemann, What Is Feminist Ethics? PART 2. MORAL PROBLEMS Chapter 12. Abortion Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings John Noonan, An Almost Absolute Value in History Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion Mary Anne Warren, On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion Don Marquis, Why Abortion Is Immoral Chapter 13. Animals Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings Peter Singer, All Animals Are Equal Tom Regan, The Case for Animal Rights Mary Anne Warren, Difficulties with the Strong Animal Rights Position Alastair Norcross, Puppies, Pigs, and People: Eating Meat and Marginal Cases R. G. Frey, Moral Standing, the Value of Lives, and Speciesism Chapter 14. The Environment Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings Paul Taylor, The Ethics of Respect for Nature Thomas Hill, Jr., Ideals of Human Excellence and Preserving Natural Environments Eric A. Posner and Cass R. Sunstein, Climate Change Justice Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, It's Not My Fault: Global Warming and Individual Moral Obligations Chapter 15. Euthanasia Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings James Rachels, The Morality of Euthanasia Leon R. Kass, Why Doctors Must Not Kill Peter Singer, Justifying Voluntary Euthanasia Chapter 16. Economic Justice and Economic Inequality Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings John Rawls, A Theory of Justice Robert Nozick, The Entitlement Theory of Justice Harry Frankfurt, Equality as a Moral Ideal Elizabeth Anderson, How Not to Complain about Taxes Chapter 17. Globalization and Immigration Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings Peter Singer, The Singer Solution to World Poverty Onora O'Neill, A Kantian Approach to Famine Relief Thomas Pogge, Human Rights and Global Wrongs Michael Huemer, Is There a Right to Immigrate? David Miller, Immigration: The Case for Limits Chapter 18. The Legacy of Racism Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings J. Angelo Corlett, Reparations to Native Americans? Daniel M. Hausman, Affirmative Action: Bad Arguments and Some Good Ones Elizabeth Anderson, The Future of Racial Integration Tommie Shelby, Justice, Deviance, and the Dark Ghetto Chris Lebron, Time for a New Black Radicalism Chapter 19. Terrorism Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings Michael Walzer, Terrorism: A Critique of Excuses Virginia Held, Terrorism and War Lionel K. McPherson, Is Terrorism Distinctively Wrong? Stephen Nathanson, Can Terrorism Be Morally Justified? Chapter 20. The Death Penalty Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings Ernst van den Haag, On Deterrence and the Death Penalty Jeffrey H. Reiman, Civilization, Safety, and Deterrence Igor Primoratz, Justifying Legal Punishment Stephen Nathanson, An Eye for an Eye? Chapter 21. Drugs Just the Facts Argument Analysis Essential Concepts Conclusion Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings Peter de Marneffe, Against the Legalization of Drugs Michael Huemer, America's Unjust Drug War Robert E. Goodin, Permissible Paternalism: Saving Smokers from Themselves Chapter 22. Genetic Engineering Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings Michael Sandel, The Case Against Perfection Julian Savulescu, Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings Roberta Millstein, GMOs? Not So Fast Gary Comstock, Ethics and Genetically Modified Foods Chapter 23. Sexual Morality Just the Facts Argument Analysis Conclusion Essential Concepts Stat Shot Cases for Critical Thinking Readings John Corvino, Why Shouldn't Tommy and Jim Have Sex? A Defense of Homosexuality Maggie Gallagher, Normal Marriage: Two Views Raja Halwani, Virtue Ethics, Casual Sex, and Objectification Nicholas Dixon, Alcohol and Rape Martha C. Nussbaum, "Whether from Reason or Prejudice": Taking Money for Bodily Services Appendix: The Truth about Philosophy Majors: Glossary: Index:

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Living ethics : an introduction with readings

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