Introduction to forensic chemistry

著者

• Elkins, Kelly M.

書誌事項

Introduction to forensic chemistry

Kelly M. Elkins

CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, c2019

• : hardback

注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Chemistry/Forensic Science Forensic chemistry is a subdiscipline of forensic science, its principles guide the analyses performed in modern forensic laboratories. Forensic chemistry's roots lie in medico-legal investigation, toxicology and microscopy and have since led the development of modern forensic analytic techniques and practices for use in a variety of applications. Introduction to Forensic Chemistry is the perfect balance of testing methods and application. Unlike other competing books on the market, coverage is neither too simplistic, nor overly advanced making the book ideal for use in both undergraduate and graduate courses. The book introduces chemical tests, spectroscopy, advanced spectroscopy, and chromatography to students. The second half of the book addresses applications and methods to analyze and interpret controlled substances, trace evidence, questioned documents, firearms, explosives, environmental contaminants, toxins, and other topics. The book looks at innovations in the field over time including the latest development of new discernible chemical reactions, instrumental tools, methods, and more. Key features: Nearly 300 full-color figures illustrating key concepts and over 20 case studies Addresses all the essential topics without extraneous or overly advanced coverage Includes full pedagogy of chapter objectives, key terms, lab problems, end of chapter questions, and additional readings to emphasize key learning points Includes chemical structures and useful spectra as examples Fulfils the forensic chemistry course requirement in FEPAC-accredited programs Includes a chapter on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive (CBRNE) materials Comprehensive and accessible, without being overly technical, Introduction to Forensic Chemistry will be a welcome addition to the field and an ideal text designed for both the student user and professor in mind. Course ancillaries including an Instructor's Manual with Test Bank and chapter PowerPoint (R) lecture slides are available with qualified course adoption.

目次

Contents List of Figures xiii List of Tables xxi Acknowledgments xxiii Author xxv List of abbreviations xxvii 1 An introduction to forensic chemistry and physical evidence 1 Learning objectives 1 Questions 11 Bibliography 11 2 Chemical tests 15 Learning objectives 15 Colorimetric tests for drugs 16 Chemical tests for poisons 24 Colorimetric tests for explosives 24 Microcrystalline tests for drugs 26 Microcrystalline tests for explosives 26 The future of chemical tests 27 Bibliography 27 3 The microscope 33 Learning objectives 33 Early microscopes 34 Parts of the microscope 35 Light 36 Magnification and resolving power 37 Stereomicroscopy 38 Compound light microscopy 38 Koehler illumination 40 Polarized light microscopy 40 Phase contrast microscopy 42 Fluorescence microscopy 43 Microspectrophotometer 43 Comparison microscopy 43 Scanning electron microscopy 45 Transmission electron microscopy 46 Questions 47 Bibliography 48 4 Light spectroscopy 51 Learning objectives 51 Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy 53 Fluorescence spectroscopy 58 Infrared spectroscopy 62 Raman spectroscopy 68 Microspectrophotometry 70 Questions 71 Bibliography 72 5 Advanced spectroscopy 77 Learning objectives 77 Mass spectrometry 79 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 87 Questions 94 Bibliography 95 6 Chromatography 99 Learning objectives 99 Thin-layer chromatography 101 Paper chromatography 103 Column chromatography 103 High-performance liquid chromatography 105 Ultra-performance liquid chromatography 106 Gas chromatography 106 Other separation methods 112 Questions 112 Bibliography 113 7 Inorganic poisons and contaminants 115 Learning objectives 115 Flame test 117 Emission spectrograph 117 Thin-layer chromatography 118 UV-Vis spectroscopy 118 IR spectroscopy 120 Raman spectroscopy 120 X-ray fluorescence 121 Atomic absorption 122 Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry 123 X-ray crystallography and x-ray diffraction 124 Neutron activation analysis 125 Scanning electron microscopy 125 Questions 125 Bibliography 126 8 Controlled substances 129 Learning objectives 129 Control and scheduling 130 Classes of drugs 130 Stimulants 131 Depressants and antianxiety drugs 134 Hallucinogens 135 Opiates/opioids 138 Anabolic steroids 140 Other drugs abused in sports 141 New psychoactive substances 141 Chemical analysis: Identification and quantitation 142 Questions 148 Bibliography 148 9 Toxicology 153 Learning objectives 153 Questions 163 Bibliography 164 10 Trace evidence 167 Learning objectives 167 Glass 169 Soil 172 Paint 173 Polymers 175 Hair 176 Fibers 178 Other trace materials 184 Questions 185 References 186 Bibliography 186 11 Questioned documents and impression evidence 191 Learning objectives 191 Questioned documents 192 Physical analysis 192 Chemical analysis of inks and paper 193 Impression evidence 199 Questions 206 Bibliography 206 12 Latent print development 209 Learning objectives 209 Questions 218 Bibliography 219 13 Firearms 223 Learning objectives 223 Firearms 224 Handguns 225 Rifles 226 Shotguns 226 Assault rifles 226 Firearms manufacturing methods 226 Explosives and propellants 227 Ballistics 227 Firearms evidence handling and labeling 228 Firearms comparisons 229 Gunshot residue analysis 231 Questions 231 Bibliography 232 14 Fire, arson, and explosives 235 Learning objectives 235 Fire 236 Arson and accelerants 240 Explosives 244 Incendiary weapons 245 Identification of explosives 246 Questions 247 Bibliography 248 15 Chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives (CBRNE) 251 Learning objectives 251 Weapons of mass destruction 251 Chemical weapons 253 Blood agents 253 Pulmonary/choking agents 254 Blister agents 255 Nerve gases 256 Nettle or urticant agents 257 Incapacitating agents 257 Vomiting agents 258 Riot/tear agents 258 Trends in chemical characteristics of chemical warfare agents 259 Toxic industrial chemicals 259 Detection and identification methods 259 Biological weapons 262 History of biological weapons use 262 Modern threat classification 263 Recent biological weapons cases and ongoing threats 264 Bacteria 265 Fungi 265 Viruses 266 Protein toxins 267 Small molecule toxins 271 Methods of detection and identification 272 Nuclear weapons 273 Nuclear chemistry reactions and types of radiation 274 Radioactive decay and half-life 275 History of nuclear chemistry and radioactivity 276 Modes of radioactive decay 277 Isotopes and nuclear reactions 278 Uses of radionuclides in bombs 278 Radioactivity units 279 Detection and identification of radioactive material 280 Cases of accidental poisoning with radiological material 281 "Dirty bombs" and accessibility of radioactive material 282 Treatment of radiation poisoning 282 Use of radioactive isotopes in nuclear power plants 283 Identification of a nuclear bomb detonation versus a nuclear power plant meltdown 284 Dual use research: Impacts and publication 284 Emerging threats and designer weapons 286 Questions 287 Bibliography 288 16 Environmental forensics 295 Learning objectives 295 Pesticides 297 Herbicides 300 Fungicides 301 Antimicrobials 302 In the environment 304 Examples of detection, identification, and quantification of herbicides and pesticides 306 Questions 308 Bibliography 309 Index 311

「Nielsen BookData」 より

詳細情報

• NII書誌ID(NCID): BB28210452
• ISBN:
  • 9781498763103
• LCCN: 2018015615
• 出版国コード: us
• タイトル言語コード: eng
• 本文言語コード: eng
• 出版地: Boca Raton, FL
• ページ数/冊数: xxx, 323 p.
• 大きさ: 26 cm
• 分類:
  • LCC : RA1057
  • DC23 : 614/.12
• 件名:
  • LCSH : Chemistry, Forensic