Pessimism in Kant's ethics and rational religion

著者

    • Vanden Auweele, Dennis

書誌事項

Pessimism in Kant's ethics and rational religion

Dennis Vanden Auweele

Lexington Books, c2019

  • : cloth

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-215) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

The historical period of the Enlightenment is usually thought of as the high point of philosophical optimism. By breaking the chains of traditional heteronomous morality, the tutelage of dogmatic religion and the oppression of authoritarian politics, the Enlightenment created the space for a new, self-critical and autonomous frame of reference for human effort. Immanuel Kant is undoubtedly the greatest philosopher in the German Enlightenment. And Kant was a pessimist? In this book, the author explores Kant's moral and religious philosophy and shows that a pessimistic undercurrent pervades these. This provides a new vantage point not only to assess comprehensively Kantian philosophy but also to provide much needed context and reading assistance to the general premises of Kant's philosophy of autonomy and rationality. For Kant, to be autonomous and rational is not something human nature naturally pursues; instead, reason but must reframe, rethink and reshape human nature. Human nature is a problem, autonomy and rationality are the solution. Kant's subsequent attempts to establish a rational religion can be explained in extension of this problem. Since human beings are not naturally prone to act autonomously, they have to be educated through historical institutions that are reformed appropriately so as to provide the incentives for human beings to become autonomous. This is where Kant believed religion could play an important pedagogical function.

目次

Chapter 1: Pessimism, Theodicy and The Protestant Factor Chapter 2: Grounding Morality in Duty and Autonomy Chapter 3: Motivating Morality by Respect Chapter 4: Natural (In)Aptitude for Morality Interlude: The Problem of Moral Motivation Chapter 5: Religious Assistance through Moral Education Chapter 6: Kantian Christianity, Sincerity and Pessimism Conclusion: Where does a Kantian pessimism lead?

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