Octopus crowd : maritime history and the business of Australian pearling in its schooner age
著者
書誌事項
Octopus crowd : maritime history and the business of Australian pearling in its schooner age
（Maritime currents : history and archaeology / series editor, Gene Allen Smith）
University of Alabama Press, c2019
- : cloth
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. [295]-310) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
A detailed study of the origins and demise of schooner-based pearling in Australia.
For most of its history, Australian pearling was a shore-based activity. But from the mid-1880s until the World War I era, the industry was dominated by highly mobile, heavily capitalized, schooner-based fleets of pearling luggers, known as floating stations, that exploited Australia's northern continental shelf and the nearby waters of the Netherlands Indies. Octopus Crowd:Maritime History and the Business of Australian Pearling in Its Schooner Age is the first book-length study of schooner-based pearling and explores the floating station system and the men who developed and employed it.
Steve Mullins focuses on the Clark Combination, a syndicate led by James Clark, Australia's most influential pearler. The combination honed the floating station system to the point where it was accused of exhausting pearling grounds, elbowing out small-time operators, strangling the economies of pearling ports, and bringing the industry to the brink of disaster. Combination partners were vilified as monopolists-they were referred to as an ""octopus crowd""-and their schooners were stigmatized as hell ships and floating sweatshops.
Schooner-based floating stations crossed maritime frontiers with impunity, testing colonial and national territorial jurisdictions. The Clark Combination passed through four fisheries management regimes, triggering significant change and causing governments to alter laws and extend maritime boundaries. It drew labor from ports across the Asia-Pacific, and its product competed in a volatile world market. Octopus Crowd takes all these factors into account to explain Australian pearling during its schooner age. It argues that the demise of the floating station system was not caused by resource depletion, as was often predicted, but by ideology and Australia's shifting sociopolitical landscape.
目次
List of Figures
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Introduction: Losing Alice
Chapter 1. Origins of Pearling on the East Coast
Chapter 2. The Lure of the North
Chapter 3. From Torres Strait to the North West
Chapter 4. In the North West
Chapter 5. The Aru Islands
Chapter 6. Consolidating the Combination
Chapter 7. Days of Plenty, Days of Pain
Chapter 8. Federation
Chapter 9. In the Netherlands Indies
Conclusion: The Passing of the Schooner Age
Notes
Bibliography
Index
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