The making of the banlieue : an ethnography of space, identity and violence

著者

    • Slooter, Luuk

書誌事項

The making of the banlieue : an ethnography of space, identity and violence

Luuk Slooter

Palgrave Macmillan, c2019

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This book studies and disaggregates the "crisis of the suburbs" in Paris through the stories of inhabitants in 4000sud: a French suburban neighborhood. These stories have become pressing in the aftermath of the recent wave of terrorist attacks in France. The French banlieues are some of the most prominent and infamous examples of urban neighborhoods affected by vandalism, rioting, criminality and chronic poverty. Based on extensive ethnographic research, the book explores the making of the French suburban crisis as constituted both externally (by state actors) and internally, by young people at the street corner. It reveals how the French state's understanding of banlieue violence, and subsequent policy measures, contribute to the creation and hardening of boundaries between "us" and "them". The book takes the reader on a journey from the city center of Paris to the heart of neighborhood 4000sud. It unveils how young suburban residents try to cope simultaneously with the negative images imposed on them from the outside, and the disciplinary expectations of their peers on the street. In search for identity and dignity they navigate life through diverging strategies: they escape the neighborhood, contest stereotypical images through (violent) protest, or confirm and act out the image of "gangster from the ghetto". Drawing on Urban Sociology, Human Geography, and Cultural Anthropology, this book offers new analytical vocabularies to understand the connections between place-making processes, social identity dynamics and violent performances. The book is written for a broad audience of students, scholars and policy makers interested in contemporary (sub)urban violence in Europe.

目次

Acknowledgments Chapter 1 Introduction The French case: a European exception? Reified images of the banlieue and its young inhabitants Beyond the dichotomy of 'outside cliches versus inside reality' A journey from Paris to the cite, a dialogue between theory and empirical data Chapter 2 The Making of the Suburban Crisis by State Actors: A Journey through the Decades Seen from Paris City Centre Preparing the analysis: frames, practices and violence Governmentality: frames and practices of governance Violent events as turning points of founding phases The changing governing frames and practices in four phases Phase 1: 1950-70s from newly constructed sunny apartments to segregated stressed inhabitants Phase 2: 1981 rodeos in Les Minguettes Phase 3: 1990 Vaulx-en-Velin/Mas du Taureau Phase 4: 2005 Clichy-sous-Bois and beyond Conclusion Chapter 3 Ethnographic Research: Discovery of the 'Field': Walking from the RER Station into the Heart of Cite 4000sud Exploring ethnography Discovery of the 'field' Doing ethnography Data collection: participant observation, interviews, neighbourhood mapping Trust and tensions The 'zoo': observing and the observee Obstacles and golden rules? A fly on the wall? Conclusion Chapter 4 The Internal Place-Making Process: Claiming Space at the Bottom of the Balzac Building French ghettos? "A sociological absurdity" "A sociological reality" From a fixed definition of the ghetto to a liquid process of place-making The Balzac drama: a multi-actor struggle about space The internal place-making process: routines in everyday life Routines of naming and narratives Routines of 'trainer' Routines of surveillance Conclusion Chapter 5 Social Identification Strategies and the Dynamics of 'Us' and 'Them': Navigating Life in Front of the Budget DIA-supermarket Identities: definitions and tools Studying 'jeunes des banlieues/cites' Three sets of social identification strategies Dissociating strategies - Positional moves Transforming strategies - Blurring, adding and transvaluing Associating strategies - Inscribing victimhood and street life Navigating strategies Conclusion Chapter 6 Manifestations and Interpretations of Violence: Burning Cars and Dealing Drugs behind Le Mail Violence: towards a better grip on a slippery concept The manifestation and interpretation of violence The manifestation of violence Repertoire 1: Audience-oriented violence Repertoire 2: Backstage-oriented violence The interpretation of violence The effectiveness of violence: the presence of absence Conclusion Chapter 7 Conclusion

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