Regulation by proxy : how the USDA relies on public, nonprofit, and for-profit intermediaries to oversee organic food in the U.S.

Author(s)

    • Carter, David P.

Bibliographic Information

Regulation by proxy : how the USDA relies on public, nonprofit, and for-profit intermediaries to oversee organic food in the U.S.

David P. Carter

Lexington Books, c2019

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Note

Bibliography: p. 219-235

Includes index

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Regulation by Proxy catalogues the intermediaries that are critical organic certification, including the National Organic Standards Board, accredited certifying agents, organic inspectors, the California State Organic Program, the Accredited Certifiers Association, the International Organic Inspectors Association, and material review organizations. Drawing on a range of evidence, from original data to the work of prominent food policy authors, Carter assesses each intermediary’s contributions to organic standards development, administration, and enforcement. Carter’s analysis shows that there are undeniable benefits to how organic food is regulated in the U.S., however, relying on an assortment of intermediaries requires multifaceted oversight for which the USDA may not always have sufficient tools or capacity to realize.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Regulation by Proxy Chapter 2. A Framework for Examining Decentralized Regulation Chapter 3. Institutional Emergence and Evolution: The History of Organic Food Governance in the U.S. Chapter 4. Systems-Based Regulations and Rulemaking Counsel: USDA National Organic Standards and the NOSB Chapter 5. The Regulator: The National Organic Program Chapter 6. The Third-Party Administrators: Accredited Certification Agents Chapter 7. The Inspection Intermediaries: Organic Inspectors Chapter 8. A State-Level Enforcement Intermediary: The California State Organic Program Chapter 9. Coordinating and Information Intermediaries: Professional Associations and Materials Review Organizations Chapter 10. The Regulatory Targets: Certified Organic Producers Chapter 11. Appraising the Analysis: Institutional Design, Intermediaries, and USDA Organic Certification Chapter 12. Final Reflections: The Theoretical Implications of Regulation by Proxy

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