Our common denominator : human universals revisited

著者

書誌事項

Our common denominator : human universals revisited

Christoph Antweiler ; translated by Diane Kerns

Berghahn, 2016

English ed

  • : hardback

タイトル別名

Was ist den Menschen gemeinsam?

大学図書館所蔵 件 / 全1件

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. [265]-337) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Since the politicization of anthropology in the 1970s, most anthropologists have been reluctant to approach the topic of universals-that is, phenomena that occur regularly in all known human societies. In this volume, Christoph Antweiler reasserts the importance of these cross-cultural commonalities for anthropological research and for life and co-existence beyond the academy. The question presented here is how anthropology can help us approach humanity in its entirety, understanding the world less as a globe, with an emphasis on differences, but as a planet, from a vantage point open to commonalities.

目次

List of Tables Preface Introduction Chapter 1. Humankind: Current Societal Debates Universal Postulates Everywhere! Popular Universality in Visual Media: "The Family of Man" Normative Universalism Chapter 2. A World of Cultures: Their Differences and Likenesses Finding Patterns in Diversity: George Peter Murdock and Donald Edward Brown Universals as Subject Matter: Concept, Terms and Metaphors Universals do matter: The Relevance of Universals in General and for Cultural Studies Universals in Cultural Anthropology Today: the forgotten Half in the Science of Humanity Chapter 3. Cultures and Human Nature: Human Beings are biologically Cultural The Nexus of Intra-cultural Diversity and Universals Human Nature and the Proper Image of Who We Are Homo sapiens: Uniqueness versus Special Status Chapter 4. Universals: Examples from Several Realms Qualifying Remarks Narration and Expressive Culture Sociality Worldview and Images of Humanity Rituals and Beliefs Cognition and Knowledge Languages and Speaking Behavior and Experience Gender, Sexuality and Social Reproduction Chapter 5. Methods: Deduction, Case Studies and Comparison Finding Potential Candidates and Deducing from Theory Case Studies: Testing Postulated Universals Concepts beyond Cultural Bias? Inventories of Universals Evaluating Lists of Universals and Holistic Forms of Representation Cross-cultural Comparison Cross-species Comparison Chapter 6. Taxonomy: The Forms, Levels and Depth of Universals Levels, Spheres and Time Frame Substance and Depth Degree of Universality Conditional Universals and other Specific Forms Relations between basic Anthropological Orientations Chapter 7. Toward Explanation: Why do Universals exist? Ten Pitfalls in Research and in Anti-universalism Systematics of Explanatory Approaches Cultural Contact: Universals through Cultural Transfer and Diffusion Function, Convergence and Structural Implication: Emerging Universals through Real-Life Circumstances Evolution: Universals Based on Adaptation Complex Causes Chapter 8. Critical Positions: Arguments against Universalism Reification, Hidden Syllogisms and Implicit Primitivity Relativist and Empirical Criticisms Fundamental Criticism: Charges of Eurocentrism and Hegemony Chapter 9. Synthesis: Human Universals and the Human Sciences Bibliography Index

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