Introductory electrical engineering with math explained in accessible language

Author(s)
    • Urbano, Magno
Bibliographic Information

Introductory electrical engineering with math explained in accessible language

Magno Urbano

Wiley, 2020

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Includes index

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Offers an understanding of the theoretical principles in electronic engineering, in clear and understandable terms Introductory Electrical Engineering With Math Explained in Accessible Language offers a text that explores the basic concepts and principles of electrical engineering. The author-a noted expert on the topic-explains the underlying mathematics involved in electrical engineering through the use of examples that help with an understanding of the theory. The text contains clear explanations of the mathematical theory that is needed to understand every topic presented, which will aid students in engineering courses who may lack the necessary basic math knowledge. Designed to breakdown complex math concepts into understandable terms, the book incorporates several math tricks and knowledge such as matrices determinant and multiplication. The author also explains how certain mathematical formulas are derived. In addition, the text includes tables of integrals and other tables to help, for example, find resistors' and capacitors' values. The author provides the accessible language, examples, and images that make the topic accessible and understandable. This important book: * Contains discussion of concepts that go from the basic to the complex, always using simplified language * Provides examples, diagrams, and illustrations that work to enhance explanations * Explains the mathematical knowledge that is crucial to understanding electrical concepts * Contains both solved exercises in-line with the explanations Written for students, electronic hobbyists and technicians, Introductory Electrical Engineering With Math Explained in Accessible Language is a much-needed text that is filled with the basics concepts of electrical engineering with the approachable math that aids in an understanding of the topic.

Table of Contents

About the Author xix Preface xxi Acknowledgement xxiii Introduction xxv Conventions: Used by this Book xxvii 1 Scientific Method: General Concepts 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Powers of 10 1 1.3 Roots 2 1.4 Scientific Notation as a Tool 2 2 Infinitesimal Calculus: A Brief Introduction 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 The Concept Behind Calculus 9 3 Atom: Quarks, Protons, and Electrons 19 3.1 Introduction 19 3.2 Atoms and Quarks 19 3.3 Electrons 20 3.4 Strong Force and Weak Force 21 3.5 Conductors and Electricity 22 3.6 The Shells 23 3.7 Electric Potential 24 3.8 Current 25 3.9 Electric Resistance 25 4 Voltage and Current: Direct and Alternating Current and Voltage 27 4.1 Introduction 27 4.2 Terminology 27 4.3 Batteries 27 4.4 Danger Will Robison, Danger! 30 4.5 Direct Current 31 4.6 Relative Voltages 31 4.6.1 Mountains 32 4.7 Ground 33 4.8 Alternating Current 34 Exercises 38 Solutions 39 5 Resistors: The Most Fundamental Component 41 5.1 Introduction 41 5.2 Resistor 41 5.3 Electric Resistance 41 5.4 Symbols 41 5.5 Types of Resistor 42 5.6 Power 42 5.7 Color Code 42 5.8 Potentiometer 44 5.9 Trimpots 44 5.10 Practical Usage 45 5.11 Electric Characteristics 45 5.12 Resistors in Series 45 5.13 Resistors in Parallel 46 5.14 DC and AC Analysis 46 5.15 Input and Output Synchronism 47 Exercises 48 Solutions 48 6 Ohm's Laws: Circuit Analysis 51 6.1 Introduction 51 6.2 Basic Rules of Electricity 51 6.3 First Ohm's Law 52 6.4 Second Ohm's Law 53 6.5 Examples 53 Exercises 58 Solutions 59 7 Delta-Wye Conversions: Circuit Analysis 63 7.1 Introduction 63 7.2 Delta Circuit 63 7.3 Delta-Wye Conversion 63 7.4 Wye-Delta Conversion 65 7.5 Examples 65 Exercises 69 Solutions 69 8 Capacitors: And Electric Charges 73 8.1 Introduction 73 8.2 History 73 8.3 How It Works 73 8.4 Electric Characteristics 77 8.5 Electric Field 78 8.6 Capacitance 78 8.7 Stored Energy 79 8.8 Voltage and Current 81 8.9 Examples 84 8.10 AC Analysis 87 8.11 Capacitive Reactance 88 8.12 Phase 88 8.13 Electrolytic Capacitor 91 8.14 Variable Capacitors 93 8.15 Capacitors in Series 93 8.16 Capacitors in Parallel 94 8.17 Capacitor Color Code 95 8.18 Capacitor Markings 96 Exercises 98 Solutions 98 9 Electromagnetism: And the World Revolution 103 9.1 Introduction 103 9.2 The Theory 103 9.3 Hans Christian Orsted 103 9.4 The Right-Hand Rule 105 9.5 Faraday First Experiment 105 9.6 Faraday Second Experiment 106 9.7 Conclusion 107 10 Inductors: Temperamental Devices 109 10.1 Introduction 109 10.2 The Inductor 109 10.3 Coils and Magnets 110 10.4 Inductance 111 10.5 Variable Inductor 111 10.6 Series Inductance 112 10.7 Parallel Inductance 112 10.8 DC Analysis 113 10.9 Electromotive Force 116 10.10 Current Across an Inductor 116 10.11 AC Analysis 116 10.12 Out of Sync 119 Exercises 120 Solutions 120 11 Transformers: Not the Movie 123 11.1 Introduction 123 11.2 Connected by the Magnetic Field 124 11.3 Faraday's Law 124 11.4 Primary and Secondary 124 11.5 Real-Life Transformer 125 11.6 Multiple Secondaries 125 11.7 Center Tap 126 11.8 Law of Conservation of Energy 127 11.9 Leakage Flux 127 11.10 Internal Resistance 128 11.11 Direct Current 128 12 Generators: And Motors 129 12.1 Introduction 129 12.2 Electric Generators 129 12.3 Electric Motor 131 13 Semiconductors: And Their Junctions 133 13.1 Introduction 133 13.2 It All Started with a Light Bulb 133 13.3 Semiconductors 135 14 Diodes and Transistors: Active Components 143 14.1 Introduction 143 14.2 Diodes 143 14.3 NPN Junction 143 14.4 Biasing 144 14.5 The Transistor, Finally! 144 15 Voltage and Current Sources: Circuit Analysis 147 15.1 Introduction 147 15.2 Independent DC Voltage Sources 147 15.3 Independent AC Voltage Sources 147 15.4 Dependent Voltage Sources 148 15.5 Independent Current Sources 149 15.6 Dependent Current Sources 149 16 Source Transformations: Circuit Analysis 151 16.1 Introduction 151 16.2 The Technique 151 16.3 Example 153 Exercises 160 Solutions 161 17 Impedance and Phase: Circuit Analysis 165 17.1 Introduction 165 17.2 This is Just a Phase 165 17.3 Impedance 166 17.4 Capacitive Impedance 167 17.5 Inductive Impedance 169 17.6 Examples 169 17.7 The Importance of Impedances in Real Life 173 Exercises 177 Solutions 177 18 Power: And Work 181 18.1 Introduction 181 18.2 Electric Power and Work 181 18.3 Powers in Parallel 182 18.4 Powers in Series 183 18.5 "Alternating" Power 184 18.6 Real, Apparent, and Reactive Power 188 Exercises 191 Solutions 192 19 Kirchhoff's Laws: Circuit Analysis 197 19.1 Introduction 197 19.2 Kirchhoff's Laws 197 19.3 Examples 199 Exercises 210 Solutions 211 20 Nodal Analysis: Circuit Analysis 215 20.1 Introduction 215 20.2 Examples 215 Exercises 226 Solutions 227 21 Thevenin's Theorem: Circuit Analysis 235 21.1 Introduction 235 21.2 The Theorem 235 Exercises 250 Solutions 251 22 Norton' Theorem: Circuit Analysis 257 22.1 Introduction 257 22.2 Norton's Theorem 257 Exercises 263 Solutions 264 23 Superposition Theorem: Circuit Analysis 269 23.1 Introduction 269 23.2 The Theorem 269 23.3 Methodology 269 23.4 Example 270 Exercises 281 Solutions 282 24 Millman's Theorem: Circuit Analysis 287 24.1 Introduction 287 24.2 Millman's Theorem 287 24.3 Examples 291 Exercises 295 Solutions 295 25 RC Circuits: Voltage and Current Analysis in Circuits Containing Resistors and Capacitors in Series 297 25.1 Introduction 297 25.2 Charging a Capacitor 297 25.3 RC Time Constant 308 25.4 Examples 315 Exercises 328 Solutions 330 26 RL Circuits: Voltage and Current Analysis in Circuits Containing Resistors and Inductors in Series 341 26.1 Introduction 341 26.2 Energizing 341 26.3 De-energizing 349 26.4 Examples 354 Exercises 362 Solutions 365 27 RLC Circuits: Part 1: Voltage Analysis in Circuits Containing Resistors, Capacitors, and Inductors in Series 377 27.1 Introduction 377 27.2 A Basic RLC Series Circuit 377 27.3 Examples 408 Exercises 418 Solutions 419 28 RLC Circuits: Part 2: Current Analysis in Circuits Containing Resistors, Capacitors, and Inductors in Series 427 28.1 Introduction 427 28.2 The Circuit 427 28.3 Current Equations 430 28.4 Examples 432 Exercises 442 Solutions 443 29 Transistor Amplifiers: The Magic Component 451 29.1 Introduction 451 29.2 Transistor as Amplifiers 451 29.3 The Water Storage Tank 451 29.4 Current Gain 452 29.5 Power Supply Rails 452 29.6 Amplifying 452 29.7 Quiescent Operating Point 453 29.8 Amplifier Classes 454 Exercises 477 Solutions 479 30 Operational Amplifiers: A Brief Introduction 485 30.1 Introduction 485 30.2 Operational Amplifiers 485 30.3 How Op-Amp Works 486 30.4 Op-Amp Characteristics 488 30.5 Typical Configurations 488 31 Instrumentation and Bench: A Brief Introduction 509 31.1 Introduction 509 31.2 Multimeter 509 31.3 Voltmeter 510 31.4 Ammeter 511 31.5 Ohmmeter 512 31.6 Oscilloscope 513 31.7 Breadboards 513 31.8 Wire Diameter 515 31.9 Power Supply 516 31.10 Soldering Station 517 31.11 Soldering Fume Extractors 517 31.12 Lead-Free Solder 517 31.13 A Few Images of Real Products 518 Appendix A: International System of Units (SI) 521 Appendix B: Color Code: Resistors 523 Appendix C: Root Mean Square (RMS) Value 525 Appendix D: Complex Numbers 529 Appendix E: Table of Integrals 537 Appendix F: AWG Versus Metric System: Wire Cross Sections 539 Appendix G: Resistors: Commercial Values 541 Appendix H: Capacitors: Commercial Values 543 Appendix I: Inductors: Commercial Values 549 Appendix J: Simulation Tools 557 Appendix K: Glossary 559 Index 563

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