Wahhabism and the rise of the new Salafists : theology, power and Sunni Islam
著者
書誌事項
Wahhabism and the rise of the new Salafists : theology, power and Sunni Islam
（Library of modern religion, 68）
I.B. Tauris, 2018
- : hbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (pages 223-237) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Wahhabism is often described as one of the most conservative branches of Islam and its fundamentalist approach seen as fuelling jihadist extremism. But what is the theological basis of Wahhabism? How do Wahhabi beliefs and doctrine differ from branches of Sunni Islam?
While previous scholarship has examined Wahhabism as a political phenomenon, this book turns attention to the complex religious issues that are central to its understanding. Tracing its roots in the 18th century up until the present day, Namira Nahouza shows why the Wahhabi movement has opposed traditional Islamic scholarship on the interpretation of the Qur'an and hadith. Of key importance, Nahouza shows, are the differing beliefs about the oneness of God and God's names and attributes, issues on which both Wahhabi and other Salafi groups are united. Based on extensive research into classical and contemporary Arabic religious sources, Nahouza presents the contours of Sunni theological debate and reveals how the Wahhabi movement became the predecessor to the Salafism we see today. In highlighting the far-reaching consequences of these theological divisions - both for Muslim communities and the world at large -the book fills a significant gap in existing research and is essential reading for scholars researching Islamic Theology, Islamic History, Security Studies and Islamic Radicalism.
目次
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Table of contents
Table of figures
Notes on transliteration, translation, abbreviation and links
INTRODUCTION
Outline of the book
Definition of 'Salaf'
Definitions taken from Arabic dictionaries, the Qur’an, and Hadith
Salaf as: the first three generations after the Prophet
Salaf: central notion in constructing orthodoxy
The Salaf, the Salafists, and the issue of the Attributes of God
Limitations of the book
Glossary of some theological concepts used in the book:
CHAPTER One: Introduction to Islamic theological issues
The origins of the main theological schools
The importance of the issue of the Attributes of God
Summary of Ash`ari theological arguments
“God exists without a place”
Ambiguous verses and hadiths
CHAPTER Two: Historical perceptions
The Salaf and the Attributes of God: perceptions of scholars towards a consensus on the position of the salaf
Presentation of the sources
al-Bayhaqi (d.1066)
al-Juwayni (d.1085)
al-Nasafi (d.1114)
al-Shahrastani (d.1153)
Ibn al-Jawzi (d.1200)
al-`Izz ibn `Abd al-Salam (d.1262)
al-Nawawi (d. 1277)
Ibn Khaldun (d.1406)
Ibn Hajar al-`Asqalani (d.1449)
Ibn Hajar al-Haytami (d.1567 )
al-Qari (d.1605)
al-Bayadi (d. 1686)
al-Murtada al-Zabidi (d.1791)
Perceptions of opponents to the consensus
Presentation of the sources
Abu Ya`la (d.1066)
Ibn al-Zaghuni (d.1133)
Ibn Taymiyya (d.1328)
al-Dhahabi (d.1348)
CHAPTER Three: Wahhabism: a historical overview
Wahhabism : a short history
Is there a pre-Wahhabi and post-Wahhabi era?
The naming of his movement: from Wahhabis to Salafis and to Salafists
A typology of Salafists
What was the position of the Wahhabis on the issue of the attributes of God?
CHAPTER Four: Modern approaches since the rise of Wahhabism
Since the rise of Wahhabism: a consensus on the position of the Salaf
Presentation of the sources
al-Subki al-Azhari (d.1932)
al-Dujwi (d.1945)
al-Zurqani (d.1947)
al-Quda’i (d.1956)
al-Dusuqi (d.?)
Diyab (d?)
Ibn Marzuq (d.1970)
Ibn `Ashur (d. 1973)
al-Harari al-Habashi (d.2008)
al-Buti (d.2013)
Recent opposition to this consensus
Presentation of the sources
Ibn Baz (d.1999)
Muhammad al-`Uthaymin (d.2001)
al-Fawzan (b.1933)
al-Hawali (b.1954 )
al-`Awda (b. 1955)
al-Khudayri
al-Dumayji
`Abd al-Rahman ibn `Abd al-Khaliq (b.1939)
IS literature
Abdullah al-Faisal, a supporter of IS
CHAPTER Five: A vision of history opposed to Sunni Islam
The “traditional” vision of Islamic history
Two theological schools, four legal schools
A long continuum of scholars
Representing the majority of Muslims
The Salafists’ specific vision of history
Ash`arism as a misguidance rejected by al-Ash`ari himself
Notions of rupture
Numeric superiority is not decisive
Referring to “Sunnism” : a word of caution
CHAPTER Six: Case studies on the debate around the attributes of God and its consequences
Presentation of the Cyber Islamic Environments used for these case studies
Debates on the reality of God in sunni islam and on anthropomorphism
Salafists recuse the accusation of anthropomorphism
The Sunni Answers blog
The Era of YouTube preachers: the example of Abdul Rahman Hassan
Some consequences of this debate
The Khalas blog
A Christian response to salafist theology
The theology of IS and some of its supporters
Conclusion: Scholarly and Strategic implications of the Study
For a redefinition of the theology of the Salafists and of sunnism
Theology and counter-terrorism
A need for more exploration of classical Islamic sources and concepts
APPENDIX : two detailed interpretations by al-Razi
ENDNOTES
List of References
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