Coping with defeat : Sunni Islam, Roman Catholicism, and the modern state

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Coping with defeat : Sunni Islam, Roman Catholicism, and the modern state

Jonathan Laurence

Princeton University Press, c2021

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Summary: "How do centralized, institutional religions make peace with the modern state's displacement of their traditional prestige and power? What are the factors that can promote the mutual acceptance of religious communities and the secular rule of law? These are the questions posed in Jonathan Laurence's new book, which argues that Roman Catholicism and Sunni Islam have trod surprisingly similar paths in their respective histories. Contemporary Roman Catholicism and Sunni Islam both descend from religious states and empires, the Papacy in the case of Catholicism and the Caliphate in the case of Islam. As religio-political orders, the Western Church and the Islamic Caliphate ruled vast territories and populations. Each set of religio-political institutions made law, controlled land, and governed people for roughly four centuries. Yet both suffered three similar upheavals and challenges: the end of empires, the rise of the modern national state, and significant outward migrations from the "home base" ... "

Includes bibliographical references (p. 519-554) and index

収録内容

  • Introduction: Coping with Defeat
  • 1. Sunni Islam, Roman Catholicism and the Modern State
  • The First Defeat: End of Empire
  • 2. The Fall and Rise of Roman Catholicism
  • 3. The Plot against the Caliphate
  • 4. The Rise and Fall of Pan-Islam
  • The Second Defeat: Rise of the Nation-State
  • 5. Nation-State Catholicism
  • 6. Nation-State Islam
  • The Third Defeat: the era believers without borders
  • 7. Catholicism in the United States
  • 8. Islam in Europe
  • 9. Nation-State Islam vs. the Islamic State
  • Conclusion: Embracing Spiritual Power
  • 10. Out of Office: Rejoining Civil Society
  • Regime Timelines
  • Glossary
  • Interviews
  • Notes
  • Bibliography
  • Illustration Credits
  • Index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

The surprising similarities in the rise and fall of the Sunni Islamic and Roman Catholic empires in the face of the modern state Coping with Defeat presents a historical panorama of the Islamic and Catholic political-religious empires and exposes striking parallels in their relationship with the modern state. Drawing on interviews, site visits, and archival research in Turkey, North Africa, and Western Europe, Jonathan Laurence demonstrates how, over hundreds of years, both Sunni and Catholic authorities experienced three major shocks and displacements-religious reformation, the rise of the nation-state, and mass migration. As a result, Catholic institutions eventually accepted the state's political jurisdiction and embraced transnational spiritual leadership as their central mission. Laurence reveals an analogous process unfolding across the Sunni Muslim world in the twenty-first century. Identifying institutional patterns before and after political collapse, Laurence shows how centralized religious communities relinquish power at different rates and times. Whereas early Christianity and Islam were characterized by missionary expansion, religious institutions forged in the modern era are primarily defensive in nature. They respond to the simple but overlooked imperative to adapt to political defeat while fighting off ideological challenges to their spiritual authority. Among Laurence's findings is that the disestablishment of Islam-the doing away with Islamic affairs ministries in the Muslim world-would harm, not help with, reconciliation to the rule of law. Examining upheavals in geography, politics, and demography, Coping with Defeat considers how centralized religions make peace with the loss of prestige.

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