CiNii 図書 - Education, equality, and meritocracy in a global age : the Japanese approach

How has schooling functioned in the construction of meritocratic national systems historically? To what extent will these historical patterns and normative commitments continue in the new era of a global meritocracy? And ultimately, how can educators effectively balance the inherent tension between individual merit and standardized quality? Kariya and Rappleye explore the answers to these questions and more by focusing on the Japanese model, long recognized globally for being one of the most equitable and meritocratic systems in the world. Looking at the country's educational history and policy shifts, the authors point to the important comparative lessons for sociology and education research. They show how the Japanese experience can inform global approaches to educational reform and policymaking-and how this kind of exploration can reinvigorate a more rigorous discussion of meritocracy, equality, and education. Book Features: Rethink the complex relationships among meritocracy, education, and equality from a global perspective. See how nations beyond North America and Western Europe have developed different, more equitable approaches to improve outcomes for all learners. Explore the root causes of current problems in meritocracy through a look at the historical background of Japan's postwar experience. Transcend prevailing stereotypes of Japanese education and society, and reconceptualize these differences as alternative approaches. Understand how pedagogical approaches and funding mechanisms are fundamentally entangled through the authors' rich empirical detail.

Contents (Tentative) 1. Introduction: Rethinking Education and Equality in an Era of Inequality Toward a Global Meritocracy? A Brief History of an Ideal A Meritocratic Utopia? The Importance of Japan in the Discussion Purpose and Aims of the Book Outline of Chapters 2. The Japanese Story: Topography of Confrontation, Roots of the Problem The Story Begins: Why 1958? Why the Late 50s? The Meaning of 'Reverse Course' The Great 6-3 Experiment Excavating the Problem: Descending Beyond Left/Right Confrontation 3. The Traumatic Prewar Legacy and the Roots of the American Model Prewar Allocation of Education Resources How to Solve the Problem American Roots: the Scientific-Management Revolution Individualization of Learning and the Logic of Educational Finance 4. Drafting the Postwar Blueprint Beginning Again Postwar Postwar Demands World of Standard Means: the Japanese Approach to Equality 5. The Unknown Revolution: "Surface Equality" Educational Finance Trends and Interregional Inequalities The Silent Revolution': Homogenization of Educational Provision "Surface Equality": Towards Greater Homogenization 6. The Ambivalence of Standardization National Survey of Academic Achievement: A Reanalysis Connections to Achievement Surface Equality and Ambivalence: Homeroom, Collective Order, and Exam Competition 7. The Whereabouts of "Surface Equality" Today Dismantling the World of Standardization? Policy Reforms 1995-2010 The Silent Growth of Inequalities The Ease of Understanding the Object of Critique Inflected Perspectives: The Optical Illusion of Individuality and Individualism 8. Conclusion: Drawing the Implications for a Global Age Japan in the Global Conversation: Still the Meritocracy Frontier? Revisiting Michael Young's Dystopia Education and Equality 30 Years after Neoliberalism References Index About the Authors

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Education, equality, and meritocracy in a global age : the Japanese approach

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