Architectural and urban subsymmetries
著者
書誌事項
Architectural and urban subsymmetries
(Mathematics and the built environment / series editor, Kim Williams, 6)
Springer, c2022
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注記
"This book is published under the inprint Birkhäuser"--T.p. verso
Includes bibliographical references (p. 257-262) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book focuses on symmetries in the analysis and synthesis of architectural designs. Crucial in the history of architecture, principles of symmetry provided the means to achieve balance and harmony of spatial composition in architecture. Less well known is the importance of symmetry principles in the analysis of the distinct constituents in a contemporary architectural design which may, at first glance, appear disorganized or even random. The revelation of different hierarchical levels wherein various types of symmetry or subsymmetry are superimposed provides a key for deciphering the underlying structure of spatial logic. The interaction between local and global subsymmetries is of particular interest. Operating with symmetry concepts in this manner offers architects, designers and students an explicit method for understanding the symmetrical logics of sophisticated designs and gaining insights into new designs.
This book has two complementary objectives: to explore the fundamental principles of architectural composition founded on the algebraic structure of symmetry groups in mathematics and to apply the principles in the analysis and synthesis of architectural and urban designs. By viewing and decomposing architectural and urban designs in this manner, the hidden spatial logic and underlying order in a design become transparent.
目次
Table of ContentsAcknowledgements
Foreword
Preface
Part I: Fundamentals of subsymmetries
Chapter 1. Spatial transformations of shapes
1.1 Isometries of a plane
1.2 Similarity transformations
1.3 Groups and symmetries
1.4 Regular polygons and multiplication table
1.5 Subgroups
Chapter 2. Plane symmetry groups
2.1 Cyclic and dihedral groups
2.2 Seven frieze groups
2.3 Seventeen wallpaper groups
Chapter 3. Cayley diagrams
3.1 Cayley diagrams of the point groups
3.2 Cayley diagrams of the frieze groups
3.3 Cayley diagrams of the wallpaper groups
Chapter 4. Subshapes and subsymmetries
4.1 Subsymmetries of regular polygons
4.2 Lattices of the subsymmetries of the frieze groups
4.3 Lattices of the subsymmetries of the wallpaper groups
Part II: Decomposition and Recomposition of Architecture and Urban Designs
Chapter 5. Subsymmetries of the point groups in architectural designs
5.1 Architecture and urban designs in antiquity
5.2 Modern examples
5.2.1 Frank Lloyd Wright's use of mirrored and rotational symmetry
5.2.2 Rudolph Michael Schindler's unique elaborations of subsymmetries
5.2.3 Gregory Ain's Mar Vista Track Project
5.2.4 Subsymmetries of two civic works by modern architects
5.2.5 Constructing new designs with subsymmetries of the point groups
Chapter 6. Subsymmetries of the frieze groups in architectural designs
6.1 Gregory Ain's "paired and mirrored" method
6.2 Superimposed floor plans and stacked massing
6.3 Facade manifestations
6.4 Sectional wall layers
Chapter 7. Subsymmetries of the wallpaper groups in architecture and urban designs
7.1 Culturally embedded building facades and screens
7.2 Incremental housing designs
7.2.1 Charles Correa's clustering method
7.2.2. James Stiring's incremental clustering and further experiments
7.3 High-rise housing projects
7.3.1 Le Corbusier's influences and after
7.3.2 Two mega housing and further design experiments
7.4 Urban layouts based on the wallpaper subsymmetries
7.4.1 Expansion to urban planning
7.4.2 Experimental urban layouts
Conclusion
Bibliography
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