Contrast media in radiology : appraisal and prospects : first European workshop - proceedings - Lyon 1981
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Contrast media in radiology : appraisal and prospects : first European workshop - proceedings - Lyon 1981
Springer-Verlag, 1982
- Germany
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Includes bibliographies and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Journalists, always very direct and in search of sensation, essentially asked me two questions on the occasion of this workshop: What were the goals of the meeting? With the improvement of diagnosis through the development of image techniques, didn't the contrast media already have their future behind them? Many answers were provided during the course of the workshop, and in order to best answer the journalists I proposed the following synopsis. 1. Since the 1979 Colorado Springs workshop organized by E. Lasser, progress has been so rapid and the newly available works so numerous that another meeting on an international level for the purpose of pre senting and discussing these advances appeared indispensable. Why not then in Europe and why not in Lyon? To expand on this progress, by 1981 the new contrast media with less-hyperosmolar molecules, still in the trial stage in 1979, were al most all available commercially for angiography, albeit at prohibitive prices. The advantages of these various media are becoming better known; moreover, in the wake of Lasser's work, our understanding of the pathophysiology of their noxious effects is also advancing rapidly owing to the use of models (for the target organs: heart, vessel wall, nervous system, kidney; and for the more general reactions: blood cells, coagulation, complement system, circulating enzymatic systems). In addition, further new molecules are currently being studied in re search laboratories. 2.
目次
Section A: General Toxicity.- Contrast Material Reactors: Pathogenicity and Clinical Aspects in 1981.- Risk Factors for Adverse Reactions in Intravenous Urography.- Prevention of Shocks Induced by Intravenous Urography.- Adverse Reactions to Intravenous Contrast Media in Urography - Results of a National Survey.- Allergy to Radiographic Contrast Media: Accumulated Evidence for Antibody-mediated Human Toxicity and a New Animal Model.- Immunobiological Effects of Contrast Media with Special Reference to "Nonsequential Activation" of Complement.- Contrast Media and Immediate Hypersensitivity.- Iodinated Contrast Agents: Effect on ATP: Creatine N-Phospho-transferase Isoenzymes in the Arterial Wall.- The Effect of Radiographic Iodized Contrast Media on Coagulation, Fibrinolysis, and Complement System.- In Vivo and in Vitro Modifications of Platelet Aggregation and Release of ATP by Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Media Used in Angiography.- Toxicity of New Contrast Media in Cell Cultures.- Effects of Contrast Media on Cell Cultures.- The Comparative Effect of Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Media on the Sickling Phenomenon.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section B: Effect on the Heart.- Considerations of Pathogenicity and Clinical Aspects of Contrast Media Toxicity on the Heart in 1981.- Effects on Cardiac Function of Contrast Media Used in Angiography: An Experimental Study.- Comparison of Iopamidol, Ioxaglate, and Diatrizoate During Coronary Angiography in Dogs.- Effects of Iohexol on Heart Functions During Coronary Arteriography in Dogs.- The Importance of Electrolyte Shifts and Calcium Binding on Cardiotoxicity of Contrast Media.- Regional Myocardial Hemodynamic and Metabolic Effects of Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Media in the Normal and Ischemic State.- Modifications in Coronary Flow After Injection of Contrast Media.- Changes in Left Ventricular Preload and Afterload Induced by Coronary Angiography: Influence of Contrast Medium Osmolality.- Influence of Ioxaglix Acid on Hemoglobin Affinity During Selective Coronarography.- The Use of Amipaque in Pediatric Angiocardiography.- Comparative Study in Small Infants of the Hemodynamic Effects of Ioxaglate and Diatrizoate Contrast Media in Left Ventriculography.- A Comparison Between the New Low Osmolality Contrast Agent, Hexabrix, and a Conventional One.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section C: Effects on the Nervous System.- The Neurotoxicity of Water-soluble Contrast Media: Actual Concepts and Future.- A Nonionic, Isotonic Dimer Iotrol: A New Contrast Medium for the Intrathecal Space. A Review of Pharmacological Evaluation.- Excretion of Aqueous Contrast Media From the Subarachnoid Space of Primates.- Experimental Model of Neurotoxicity Study of Water-soluble Contrast Media.- Immediate and Delayed Neurotoxicity of Newly Synthesized Contrast Media Demonstrated by EEG Sequential Analysis.- The Effect of Myelographic Contrast Media on the Arachnoid.- Comparative Experimental Study of Contrast Media in Neuroradiology.- Changes in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure After Intrathecal Injection of Contrast Media in Rabbits.- Adverse Effects From Contrast Media: Preliminary Results Obtained with an Experimental Model.- First Round Table: Concluding Remarks.- The Stream of Metrizamide in the Subarachnoid Spaces in Relation to Adverse Effects of Cisternography.- Use of the New Hydrosoluble Contrast Materials (Metrizamide and Iopamidol) in Tomodensitometric Exploration of the Subarachnoid Spaces and Cisterns.- Adverse Reactions to Myelography with Metrizamide in Children.- Iopamidol, a New Nonionic Contrast Medium for Myelography and Sacculoradiculography: A Review of 800 Cases.- Ioglunide: A New Contrast Medium for Myelography and Cisternography (Animal Experiments and Preliminary Clinical Experience).- Second Round Table: Discussion.- Section D: Effects on the Kidney.- Kidney: Pharmacology of Contrast Media.- Nephrotoxicity of Uroangiographic Contrast Media.- The Urinary Concentration of Urographic Radiocontrast Drugs: The Role of Sodium Chloride Excretion and Free-Water-Production.- Variations of Urinary Sodium Concentration After Contrast Media with Different Osmolality.- Nephrotoxicity of Iodinated Contrast Media: A Preliminary Report on Five Compounds Used for Urography.- Acute Renal Failure Initiated by Contrast Media.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section E: Various Topics.- The Effect of X-ray Contrast Media on the Endothelium of the Aorta and Vena Cava in Rats.- Rapid Injection of a Cold Water-soluble Triiodide for Cardiovascular Investigation. Physicochemical Basis, Injection Technique, Tolerance, Prospects of Utilization.- Comparison of Hexabrix and Urografin in the Study of Post-phlebographic Thrombotic Side Effects.- Effects of Contrast Material on Blood Volume.- Labeling of Embolizing Substances with Contrast Agents.- Contrast Media in Arthrography. Experimental Study.- Iodinated Compound and Thyroid Status.- Binding of Contrast Media to Human Prealbumin: Another Cause of Thyroid Hormonal Disorder.- Summary of the Discussion.- Section F: Various Topics.- Angiography in Lower Extremities with New Contrast Media: Review of Double-blind Studies.- Patient Reactions During Hexabrix, Iopamidol and Conray Angiography.- Experience of Cerebral Arteriography with Iopamidol: Clinical Data.- Painless Angiography with Newer Contrast Media.- Hemodynamic Changes During Aortic Arch Angiography. A Comparative Study Using Two Contrast Media: Telebrix30 (Ioxitalamate) and Hexabrix (Ioxaglate).- B 15 000: A Nonionic Contrast Medium in Peripheral Angiography.- First Part: Discussion.- Compared Effects on Various Blood Parameters of Iopamidol and Iodamide in Man During Infusion Urography.- Conventional Versus Low Osmolality Nonionic and Dimeric Intravenous Contrast Media: Noninvasive Evaluation of Hemodynamic Effects.- Comparative Study of the Effects of Two Contrast Media of Different Osmolarity on Pulmonary Hemodynamics and Lung Function.- Synergism of Radiographic Contrast Media and X-Irradiation.- Design and Synthesis of New Compounds for Hepatobiliary Imaging.- Comparative Double-blind Study of Three Different Oral Contrast Media in Cholecystography.- Can We Improve Cholecystography? A Multiple Factor Experiment.- Choice of Radiologic Contrast Medium: The Medico-legal Point of View.- Section G: Contrast Media and CT.- Optimal Contrast Media for CT: Ionic or Nonionic, Monomer or Dimer?.- The Value of Nonionic Contrast Media in CT.- Comparison of Contrast Enhancement Pharmacokinetics of Contrast Media in Clinical Patients.- Contrast Materials and the Liver: Application to Scanography X.- Water-soluble Contrast Agents for Computed Tomography of the Liver: Experimental Studies in Dog.- Contrast Enhancement Pharmacokinetics of Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Agents.- Section H: New Molecules and New Images.- Futurology of Contrast Media: A Partially Warranted Prophecy.- Two New Classes of Low-Osmotic Contrast Agents: Triiodinated Cations and Nonionic Dimers.- Experiences of Dimeric and Polymeric Contrast Agents.- Corporeal Distribution of Iodinated Lipid Emulsions in Terms of Particle Size.- Contrast Media for Long-term (Blood Pool) Opacification of the Vascular System.- Summary of the Round Table.
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