Soundscapes : humans and their acoustic environment
著者
書誌事項
Soundscapes : humans and their acoustic environment
（Springer handbook of auditory research, v. 76）
Springer, c2023
大学図書館所蔵 全4件
注記
Other editors: André Fiebig, Joseph A. Sisneros, Arthur N. Popper, Richard R. Fay
Includes bibliographical references
内容説明・目次
内容説明
The concept of the "Soundscapes" includes all of the sounds in one's environment and focuses not only on the sounds itself. Instead, it focuses on the interrelationships between person and activity and place, both in space and time. Soundscape also include influences on the acoustic environment through auditory sensation, its interpretation, and the responses to the acoustic environment in context. The conceptual framework of Soundscape describes the "process of perceiving or experiencing and/or understanding an acoustic environment, highlighting general concepts and their relationships: context, sound sources, acoustic environment, auditory sensation, interpretation of auditory sensation, responses, and outcomes" (International Organization for Standardization, ISO 12913-1:2014 Acoustics Soundscape Part Definition and Conceptual Framework, ISO, Geneva, 2014).
With soundscape, one achieves a deeper understanding of acoustic environment and its effects on people. The ISO standard 12931-1 on soundscape provides an important, and rigorous, distinction in the use of "Soundscape." But, it is recognizable that some individuals, particularly planners, designers, lay persons, and even those primarily interested in management of the acoustic environment through environmental noise control, will find it convenient to use "Soundscape" as a synonym for the physical acoustic environment.
When it comes to noise management and urban planning, soundscape research has the potential to promote healthy urban environments by sharing and incorporating the significant knowledge of all concerned parties. Understandably, this shows that the communication with regard to noise management has to be forced to guarantee that the specifics of Soundscapes (i.e., the relevance of perception) are seriously considered alongside the whole.
This book will bridge the gap between soundscape theory and practice and therefore it will be different from our earlier publications as "Soundscape and the built environment" (ed. by J. Kang and B. Schulte-Fortkamp CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, Fl 2016) and also from the respective Special Issues on Soundscapes in 2012 in The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (ed. by B. Schulte-Fortkamp and J. Kang), and also the Special Issue in Acta Acustica 2006 *(ed. by B. Schulte-Fortkamp and D. Dubois), and the E-book on soundscape
This volume will be driven by the difficult process of standardization of Soundscape and its evaluation procedures. The main goal of the proposed volume is to present and review the developments in Soundscape, reflecting the standardization procedure and the diverse inputs. the needs in management and planning in urban acoustic environments, the book will also focus on the difficulties, as well as the solutions, in interdisciplinary grounded communication, that is, on the one hand, related to science, but on the other to application, that needs guidance.
目次
Chapter 1: Overview of volume - Brigitte Schulte-Fortkamp and Andre Fiebig
Chapter 2: Soundscape - a construct of human perception
Andre Fiebig
A soundscape is a perceptual construct and must be distinguished from the physical phenomenon, the acoustic environment. Since soundscape is an acoustic environment as perceived or experienced by a person or people in context, the study and understanding of human perception becomes the main objective. This chapter will focus on the origins of soundscape concept with its human-centered approach. It will outline the idea and concept of the soundscape approach and illustrate that sounds are processed on the basis of meaning rather than basic auditory sensations.
Chapter 3: Soundscape -as a holistic concept- the need for involving multiple disciplines
Brigitte Schulte-Fortkamp, Daniele Dubois
This chapter will focus on the concept of soundscape that was adopted to provide a holistic approach to the acoustic environment, beyond noise, and its effect on the quality of life. Soundscape suggests assessing all sounds perceived in an environment in all its complexity. To do this, soundscape studies use a variety of data collection related to human perception, acoustic environment, and context. Importantly, the studies of soundscape rely primarily upon human perception, and only then turns to physical measurement.
Chapter 4: Soundscape and urban planning
Bennett Brooks
This chapter is related to environmental noise and acoustical quality of life as a concern for community stakeholders in the USA. The approach to solutions may differ in different
communities in that there is a variety of governance. Generally, state and local noise ordinances follow policy of source noise emission control neglecting receiver's point of view. Selecting assessment criteria each community must decide the appropriate sound levels: which are considered acceptable and unacceptable. Community outreach with soundscape techniques are the tools.
Chapter 5: Soundscape and architecture
Gary Siebein, Keely Siebein
This chapter will highlight the connection between soundscape and architecture. It is the goal of Gary and Keely Siebein that architectural acoustic design involves the careful shaping of walls and ceiling and the selection and placement of acoustical materials to optimize and enhance the sonic environment. Moreover, they model and design expertly crafted and creative acoustical interventions to reduce and buffer undesirable sounds. They will provide a view on Soundscape and Architecture that follow the main philosophy in Soundscape believing "that each room we design is unique and is shaped by the people that will use the room."
Chapter 6: Psychoacoustics in soundscape- do we need binaural measurement?
Klaus Genuit
Psychoacoustic parameters play an important role with respect to auditory sensations. In general, the application of psychoacoustic parameters allows for an enhanced description of acoustical environments. However, these indicators are not intended to explain the level of pleasantness or appropriateness of sound in its entirety.
Chapter 7: Measurement and techniques in soundscapes
Giovanni Brambilla, Andre Fiebig
This chapter will provide an overview of measurement methods, procedures and techniques for the evaluation of acoustic environments that rely on people's expertise. Related to ISO 12913-1 soundscape studies have to consider the key components: people, acoustic environment and context. Regarding to ISO/ TS 12913-2 it is the use of different investigation techniques and measurement methods like soundwalks, questionnaires, interviews, recordings to approach the subject of soundscape and to improve the validity of the research outcome and avoid systematic errors by relying only on one approach. Even novel sources of data as social networks, apps and social media gain access to serious scientific interests combined with ideas of broad public participation.
Chapter8: Triangulation as an analyzing tool in soundscape
Dick Botteldooren and Bert de Coensel
This chapter will provide technologies and methodologies in soundscape that are based on different data collection processes ranging from in vito measurements to virtual soundscapes and their respective analyses. Diverse approaches in triangulation will underline the possibilities to combine different sources of data to overcome the weakness of single data analyses.
Chapter 9: Soundscape and health
Peter Lercher
This chapter will refer to the concept of soundscape and its embedding and involvement in acoustic research combining the knowledge of psychology, sociology, medicine, and engineering with regard to a paradigm shift from noise control towards a new, human-centered, multidisciplinary approach. It will illustrate the relationship between soundscape and health-related effects on humans and non-humans.
Chapter 10: Soundscape in hospitals
Ilene Busch-Vishniac, Erica Ryherd
Hospitals as places, where persons in vulnerable states and medical personnel need particular protection against unnecessary stress, the use of the soundscape approach focusing on the human perspective of sound appears highly mandatory. Different studies aim to improve patients' recovery and medical staff working conditions by applying soundscape techniques determining the mechanisms of experiencing and processing the environment.
Chapter 11: How to put soundscape into practice?
Brigitte Schulte-Fortkamp, Andre Fiebig
It is sometimes argued that the soundscape approach in its long-term academic tradition lacks its real-world application due to its holistic demand. Examples of applications will underline the relevance and practicability of the soundscape approach illustrating its implementation in community noise projects. A guideline regarding the realization of application will be the focus.
「Nielsen BookData」 より