The biology of aquatic and wetland plants

著者

書誌事項

The biology of aquatic and wetland plants

Gary N. Ervin

CRC Press, 2023

  • : pbk

大学図書館所蔵 件 / 全1件

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Synthesizes recent and seminal literature on aquatic and wetland plants Emphasizes evolutionary history as a factor influencing adaptations to the wetland environment Provides a global perspective on plant diversity and threats facing wetland ecosystems Highlights research needs in the field of aquatic and wetland plant biology Includes 280 figures, with more than 300 color photographs, and 41 tables to provide ease of access to important concepts and information

目次

Chapter 1. Overview1.1 Importance of Aquatic and Wetland Plants 1.2 What This Book is About 1.2.1 Wetland Habitats Defined 1.2.2 Aquatic and Wetland Plants Defined 1.3 Growth Forms and Zonation of Aquatic and Wetland Plants 1.3.1 Overview of Plant Anatomy 1.3.2 Emergent Plants 1.3.3 Floating-leafed Plants 1.3.4 Submersed Plants 1.3.5 Free-Floating Plants 1.3.6 A Few Exceptions to the Above Classification 1.3.7 Zonation Chapter 2. Evolutionary Relationships Among Aquatic and Wetland Plants 2.1 Why evolutionary history is important 2.1.1 The Disorderliness of Taxonomic Organization 2.1.2 Reconstructing Evolutionary Trees 2.2 The Green Plants as a Starting Point 2.2.1 Charophytes 2.2.2 Early Diverging Embryophytes - the Bryophyta 2.2.3 Non-Angiosperm Tracheophytes 2.3 Evolution and Diversification of the Angiosperms 2.3.1 Nymphaeales 2.3.2 Monocots 2.3.3 Magnoliidae 2.3.4 Ceratophyllales 2.3.5 Eudicots 2.4 Truly Aquatic Plants 2.5 Taxonomic Diversity of Mangrove Species Chapter 3. Wetland Ecosystems and Plant Diversity 3.1 Major Wetland Types 3.2 Global Tour of Wetlands and Plant Diversity 3.2.1 The Pantanal, Brazil 3.2.2 The Ibera Wetlands, Argentina 3.2.3 Congo River Swamps, Republic of the Congo & Democratic Republic of the Congo 3.2.4 Okavango Delta, Botswana 3.2.5 Kakadu Wetlands, Australia 3.2.6 Whangamarino Wetland, New Zealand 3.2.7 The Sundarbans, India & Bangladesh 3.2.8 Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Wetlands, China 3.2.9 Kolkheti Lowlands, Georgia 3.2.10 Donana National Park, Spain 3.2.11 Boreal Peatlands, Canada 3.2.12 The Everglades, Florida, United States 3.2.13 Bottomland Forests, Mississippi, United States 3.3 Global Patterns of Wetland Plant Diversity 3.4 Global Threats to Wetland Integrity Chapter 4. Hydrology 4.1 Overview of Wetland Hydrology 4.2 Quantifying Hydrology with a Hydrologic Budget 4.2.1 Precipitation and Interception 4.2.2 Overland Flows 4.2.3 Soil Water Flow and Groundwater Flow 4.2.4 Evapotranspiration 4.2.5 Change in Storage 4.2.6 Hydroperiod Integrates the Hydrology Across Time Chapter 5. Critical Features of the Aquatic Environment 5.1 Key Features of Water as a Medium for Plant Life 5.1.1 Temperature and density relations of water 5.1.2 Water as a Solvent 5.2 Patterns of Light Availability 5.2.1 Influence of Water on Light 5.2.2 Influence of Dissolved and Suspended Materials on Light 5.3 Carbon Dioxide Availability in the Water 5.4 Oxygen Availability in the Water and Sediments 5.4.1 Patterns of Oxygen in the Water and Sediments 5.4.2 Redox Chemistry 5.4.3 Anaerobic Microbial Metabolism Chapter 6. Adaptations for Life in the Aquatic Environment6.1 Critical Limitations for Life in the Water 6.2 Anaerobic/Hypoxic Physiology 6.2.1 "Energy Crisis" Metabolism 6.2.2 Ethylene Production and Signaling 6.3 Aerenchyma 6.4 Aeration Systems 6.4.1 Aeration via Positive Pressure 6.4.2 Aeration via Negative Pressure 6.5 Radial Oxygen Loss 6.6 Root Adaptations 6.7 Rapid Shoot Elongation 6.8 Heterophylly 6.8.1 Factors Influencing Heterophylly 6.8.2 Benefits of Heterophylly 6.9 Modifications to Photosynthetic Metabolism 6.9.1 C4 Photosynthesis 6.9.2 CAM or AAM Photosynthesis 6.9.3 Use of Bicarbonate 6.9.4 Switching Among Photosynthetic Pathways and Intermediate Phenotypes Chapter 7. Plant Nutrition and Sediment Biogeochemistry 7.1 Plant Nutrition 7.2 Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen as Essential Nutrients 7.3 Methanogenesis and the Carbon Cycle 7.4 Soil Macronutrients 7.4.1 Nitrogen 7.4.2 Phosphorus 7.4.3 Other Soil Macronutrients 7.5 Soil Micronutrients 7.5.1 Influence of Redox Chemistry on Iron and Manganese 7.5.2 Other Soil Micronutrients 7.6 Plant Adaptations for Nutrient Access 7.6.1 Nitrogen Fixing Symbionts 7.6.2 Mycorrhizae 7.6.3 Carnivorous Plants Chapter 8. Reproduction 8.1 Plant Reproduction in the Context of Life History 8.2 Sexual Reproduction in Plants 8.2.1 Points of Potential Modification 8.2.2 Pollination within Closed Flowers - Cleistogamy 8.2.3 Pollination of Open Flowers 8.2.3.1 Self-Pollination within Open Flowers - Autogamy 8.2.3.2 Self-Pollination between Open Flowers - Geitonogamy 8.2.3.3 Pollination by Animals 8.2.3.4 Pollination by Wind 8.2.3.5 Pollination by Water 8.2.3.6 Pollination above the Water Surface 8.2.3.7 Pollination on the Water Surface 8.2.3.8 Pollination below the Water Surface 8.2.4 Compatibility, Inbreeding, and Inbreeding Avoidance 8.2.5 Fruit and Seed Development & Dispersal 8.2.6 Dormancy and Germination 8.2.7 Regeneration Niche 8.3 Clonal Propagation in Aquatic and Wetland Plants 8.3.1 Multiple Functionality of Asexual Propagules 8.3.2 Types of Asexual Propagules 8.3.2.1 Modified Buds 8.3.2.2 Shoot Fragments 8.3.2.3 Modified Shoots 8.3.2.4 Modified Shoot Bases 8.3.2.5 Modified Roots 8.4 Balancing Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction Chapter 9. Population Biology & Evolutionary Ecology 9.1 Population Biology in the Context of Evolution 9.2 Population Biology 9.2.1 Density-Independent Population Growth 9.2.2 Density-Dependent Population Growth 9.2.3 Age- or Stage-Based Approaches 9.3 Metapopulations: Populations of Populations 9.4 Metapopulations, Local Adaptation, and Speciation 9.4.1 Mechanisms of Divergence 9.4.2 Examples from Aquatic and Wetland Ecosystems 9.5 Evolutionary ecology 9.5.1 Conservation Genetics 9.5.2 Hybridization Chapter 10. Species Interactions10.1 Interactions in the Context of Life History 10.2 Competition (- -) 10.2.1 A Formal Construct for Studying Competition 10.2.2 Quantifying Competition 10.3 Amensalism (- 0) 10.4 Allelopathy in Aquatic and Wetland Plants 10.4.1 Interplay between Allelopathy and Competition 10.4.2 Quantifying Allelopathy in Wetlands 10.5 Commensalism (+ 0) 10.6 Exploitative Interactions (- +) 10.6.1 Herbivory 10.6.2 Parasites and Pathogens of Aquatic and Wetland Plants Chapter 11. Plants in the Context of Wetland Ecosystems 11.1 Putting it all Together 11.2 Succession 11.3 Disturbance 11.4 Mitigation of Eutrophication by Wetland Plants 11.5 Climate Change and Wetland Carbon Storage

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