Contested commonwealths : essays in American history
著者
書誌事項
Contested commonwealths : essays in American history
（Studies in eighteenth-century America and the Atlantic world）
Lehigh University Press, c2011
- : hbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
United States historian William Pencak here collects thirteen of his essays, written beginning in 1976. Some deal with colonial and revolutionary crowds and communities in Massachusetts—the impressment riot of 1747, the popular uprisings of the 1760s and 1770s, and Shays' Rebellion. Others discuss the popular ideology of the American Revolution as expressed in songs and almanacs, while several revisit revolutionary era statesmen George Washington, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and loyalist Peter Oliver. Interpretive essays argue that revolutionary economic thought turned smuggling from a vice into the "natural law" of free trade; and that focusing on the Civil War and the years 1861 to 1865, leads to a glorified conception of the national past that is better understood as shaped by "An Era of Racial Violence" that extended from 1854 to at least 1877.
Pencak's essays do not conform to standard interpretations of the revolutionary era that stress the importance of republican ideology or socio-economic conflict. Rather, he looks at colonial experiences of the French and Indian War as definitive in shaping dislike of Britain. He stresses that the popular thought expressed in songs and almanacs portray America as an open society, a land of plenty, threatened by British restrictions rather than a land where ancient Roman virtue or traditional British liberties flourished.
Moving to the early republic, Pencak looks at Shays's Rebellion from the point of view of those who suppressed it, and finds that they were genuinely concerned that Massachusetts's newly-formed republic was threatened by westerners. Westerners who presented themselves as an army and sought to restructure a constitution formed only six years before. George Washington was, in effect, the chief executive of the new nation from 1775 to 1797 and borrowed heavily from his wartime experiences to shape his presidency.
目次
Part 1 Acknowledgements Part 2 Introduction Part 3 Part One: Communities Chapter 4 Chapter 1: 1.The Knowles Riot and the Crisis of the 1740s in Massachusetts Chapter 5 Chapter 2: Metropolitan Boston Before the American Revolution: An Urban Interpretation of the Imperial Crisis Chapter 6 Chapter 3:The Social Structure of Revolutionary Boston: Evidence from the Great Fire of 1760 Chapter 7 Chapter 4: Play as Prelude to Revolution: Boston, 1765-1776 Chapter 8 Chapter 5:"The Fine Theoretic Government of Massachusetts is Prostrated to the Earth": The Response to Shays's Rebellion Reconsidered Part 9 Part Two: People Chapter 10 Chapter 6:Politics and Ideology in Eighteenth-Century Almanacs: Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard and Nathanael Ames, Sr.'s An Astronomical Diary Chapter 11 Chapter 7: The Beginning of a Beautiful Friendship: Benjamin Franklin, George Whitefield, the Dancing School, and a Defense of the "Meaner Sort" Chapter 12 Chapter 8: John Adams and His Contemporaries Chapter 13 Chapter 9:The Extended Presidency of George Washington (1775-1797) Chapter 14 Chapter 10: Peter Oliver (1713-1791), Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court Part 15 Part Three: Ideas Chapter 16 Chapter 11: From Racket to Natural Law: The Permutation of Smuggling Into Free Trade Chapter 17 Chapter 12: "The Great War for the Empire" Reconsidered as a Cause of the American Revolution Chapter 18 Chapter 13: The Civil War Did Not Take Place Part 19 Index
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