Work and inequality in urban China

書誌事項

Work and inequality in urban China

Yanjie Bian

(SUNY series in the sociology of work)

State University of New York Press, c1994

  • : hard
  • : pbk.

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注記

Revision of the author's thesis (doctoral)--State University of New York at Albany

Includes bibliographical references (p. [261]-279) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This book offers a systematic analysis of the impact of work organization on the social stratification of individuals in urban China. It explains why economic and labor market segmentation is possible and necessary in state socialism at a certain stage of its development, as in market capitalism, and how important one's work unit or danwei is to the life of socialist workers in Chinese cities. Based on survey data, personal interviews, and official statistics, the author shows that structural allocation, status inheritance, educational achievement, political virtue, and interpersonal connections (guanxi) interplay in determining an individual's opportunities for entering and moving into a desirable place to work, for obtaining Communist party membership and an elite class status, and for receiving material compensation such as wages, bonuses, fringe benefits, housing, and home locations.

目次

Figures and Tables Acknowledgments 1. Structural Segmentation and Social Stratification Structural Segmentation as a Perspective of Stratification Workplace Segmentation in Pre-Reform China Labor, Management, and Incentives in Pre-Reform China Segmentation in a Planned Commodity Economy Sources of Data and Related Issues Organization of the Book 2. Structures and Functions of Work Organizations The Ownership Structure The Bureaucratic Structure The Distribution of Resources and Incentives Socio-Political Functions of the Workplace Summary 3. Urban Employment: Policies and Practices Manpower Policies in Mao's Era: 1949-1976 Labor Policies in the Era of Market Reform: After1976 Direct State Assignments Indirect State Assignments Direct Individual Application Summary 4. The Chinese Version of Status Attainment Status Inheritance and the Father's Work Unit Educational Achievement versus Political Virtue Modeling Status Attainment in the Chinese Context Entering the State Sector Entering a Higher-Ranked Work Unit Getting an Occupation Summary 5. Guanxi and Social Resources in Job Searchesand Job Mobility Guanxi as Social Networks and SocialResources Guanxi and First Job Guanxi and Job Mobility Summary 6. Party Membership The Road to the Communist Party in China Behind the Scene: Social Factors in Party Recruitment Party Membership Attainment: Hypotheses Analysis of Party Membership in Tianjin Party Membership as a Path to Power Elites Summary 7. Wages Types of Wages Wage Reforms and Corresponding Salary Systems Salary Standards The Bonus System Determinants of Salary and Bonus Distributions:Hypotheses Wage Differentials: Aggregate Data Wage Attainment: Individual Data Summary 8. Collective Consumption Labor Insurance and Benefits Collective Welfare Programs and Subsidies Housing and Community Resources Summary 9. Segmentation and Inequality: Conclusions and Discussion Conclusions Structural Segmentation in Market and Planned Systems Market Reforms and Social Inequalities in China Appendix A: Survey of Work and Occupations of Tianjin Urban Residents Appendix B: List of Personal Interviews Appendix C: Measurement of Key Status Variables Used in Tables 2.2 to 8.4 Glossary Notes Bibliography Index

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