Work and inequality in urban China
著者
書誌事項
Work and inequality in urban China
（SUNY series in the sociology of work）
State University of New York Press, c1994
- : hard
- : pbk.
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注記
Revision of the author's thesis (doctoral)--State University of New York at Albany
Includes bibliographical references (p. [261]-279) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book offers a systematic analysis of the impact of work organization on the social stratification of individuals in urban China. It explains why economic and labor market segmentation is possible and necessary in state socialism at a certain stage of its development, as in market capitalism, and how important one's work unit or danwei is to the life of socialist workers in Chinese cities.
Based on survey data, personal interviews, and official statistics, the author shows that structural allocation, status inheritance, educational achievement, political virtue, and interpersonal connections (guanxi) interplay in determining an individual's opportunities for entering and moving into a desirable place to work, for obtaining Communist party membership and an elite class status, and for receiving material compensation such as wages, bonuses, fringe benefits, housing, and home locations.
目次
Figures and Tables
Acknowledgments
1. Structural Segmentation and Social Stratification
Structural Segmentation as a Perspective of Stratification
Workplace Segmentation in Pre-Reform China
Labor, Management, and Incentives in Pre-Reform China
Segmentation in a Planned Commodity Economy
Sources of Data and Related Issues
Organization of the Book
2. Structures and Functions of Work Organizations
The Ownership Structure
The Bureaucratic Structure
The Distribution of Resources and Incentives
Socio-Political Functions of the Workplace
Summary
3. Urban Employment: Policies and Practices
Manpower Policies in Mao's Era: 1949-1976
Labor Policies in the Era of Market Reform: After1976
Direct State Assignments
Indirect State Assignments
Direct Individual Application
Summary
4. The Chinese Version of Status Attainment
Status Inheritance and the Father's Work Unit
Educational Achievement versus Political Virtue
Modeling Status Attainment in the Chinese Context
Entering the State Sector
Entering a Higher-Ranked Work Unit
Getting an Occupation
Summary
5. Guanxi and Social Resources in Job Searchesand Job Mobility
Guanxi as Social Networks and SocialResources
Guanxi and First Job
Guanxi and Job Mobility
Summary
6. Party Membership
The Road to the Communist Party in China
Behind the Scene: Social Factors in Party Recruitment
Party Membership Attainment: Hypotheses
Analysis of Party Membership in Tianjin
Party Membership as a Path to Power Elites
Summary
7. Wages
Types of Wages
Wage Reforms and Corresponding Salary Systems
Salary Standards
The Bonus System
Determinants of Salary and Bonus Distributions:Hypotheses
Wage Differentials: Aggregate Data
Wage Attainment: Individual Data
Summary
8. Collective Consumption
Labor Insurance and Benefits
Collective Welfare Programs and Subsidies
Housing and Community Resources
Summary
9. Segmentation and Inequality: Conclusions and Discussion
Conclusions
Structural Segmentation in Market and Planned Systems
Market Reforms and Social Inequalities in China
Appendix A: Survey of Work and Occupations of Tianjin Urban Residents
Appendix B: List of Personal Interviews
Appendix C: Measurement of Key Status Variables Used in Tables 2.2 to 8.4
Glossary
Notes
Bibliography
Index
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