屋敷構えから見た農村系長屋門の配置に関する研究

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • LAYOUT OF NAGAYA-MON GATE IN RURAL AREA FROM A VIEWPOINT OF SETTING UP PREMISES
  • 屋敷構えから見た農村系長屋門の配置に関する研究 : 栃木県宇都宮市における事例的検討
  • ヤシキ カマエ カラ ミタ ノウソンケイ ナガヤモン ノ ハイチ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ : トチギケン ウツノミヤシ ニ オケル ジレイテキ ケントウ
  • 栃木県宇都宮市における事例的検討
  • A case study of Utsunomiya city in Tochigi prefecture

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 Nagaya-mon gate is one of factors consisted of farmhouse premises. The paper aims to clarify layout conditions of the gate focusing on setting up premises of farmhouse. Utsunomiya city in Tochigi prefecture were chosen for investigation because many Nagaya-mon gates of rural type still exist in the area. Through map surveys on web browser and field studies, all gates in the city were categorized into several types from view-points of gate's attributes, such as orientation, common axis with main house, and connection of public road adjacent to the site. The conclusions introduced from the analyses can be summarized as follows:<br> 1) Both main houses and Nagaya-mon gates mostly face the south, and the layout of the premises shows that main house and Nagaya-mon gate have common axis along each approach with parallel position;<br> 2) four fifth of the cases correspond with the previous relation, and no Nagaya-mon gate facing the north is observed;<br> 3) assuming the typical case mentioned above, cases not applicable to the type seem to be caused by some conditions such as relation to the adjacent road, restriction due to landform of the site, and are consequently considered that Nagaya-mon faces the east or west with no common axis between the main house;<br> 4) few Nagaya-mon gates face local main road like the national and the prefectural road, while the others mainly face inferior public roads or private roads;<br> 5) considering the transition of the surroundings, original Nagaya-mon gate is assumed to have a private approach on its own site.<br> Categorizing the cases from view-points of the Nagaya-mon gates' orientation, relation to main house and the adjacent road, distribution of the categories don't apparently shows any differences between plain areas and mountainous area, but cases of the same category concentrate in each local area. A hypothesis can be introduced that an existing Nagaya-mon gate and its surroundings must have presented a norm or standard at that time when gates enthusiastically built in each area.<br> Taking findings from five case studies of time sequence analysis into consideration, it can be said that residents generally consider layout of the Nagaya-mon gates as important factor of their premises and seem to be affected by physiognomy of a house. Nagaya-mon gate not only functions as a boundary between inside and outside of the homestead like premises forest, watercourses and fences, but also uniquely presents an intermediate space between private and public zone. In addition, approach to Nagaya-mon gates is likely to have changed because of projects of extending roads, land reallocation or farm land consolidation, popularization of automobiles and agricultural machines. Nagaya-mon gate integrates resident's inferior needs of life and exterior social relations to community.

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