氏子調廃止以降における小社列格と氏子域の修正

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タイトル別名
  • REVISING SMALL-SCALE ‘UJIKO-IKI’ AFTER THE ABOLITION OF UJIKO SHIRABE
  • 氏子調廃止以降における小社列格と氏子域の修正 : 明治東京の氏子域に関する復元的考察(その2)
  • ウジコチョウハイシ イコウ ニ オケル ショウシャレツカク ト ウジコイキ ノ シュウセイ : メイジ トウキョウ ノ ウジコイキ ニ カンスル フクゲンテキ コウサツ(ソノ 2)
  • 明治東京の氏子域に関する復元的考察（その2）
  • A study for restoration of Ujiko-iki area of Tokyo in the Meiji period (Part 2)

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 This paper is continued from 'The establishment of 'Ujiko-iki' in the early Meiji period-A study for restoration of Ujiko-iki area of Tokyo in the Meiji period (Part 1)-'. A term 'Ujiko-iki' means a territory where Ujiko, which means a worshiper to a specific Shinto shrine, live around the Shinto shrine. Ujiko-iki area is very important for research of urban history in comprising the most basically part of the city. The purpose of this paper is clarifying how Ujiko-iki area was changed after Ujiko shirabe, which was enacted as a law to assist the Family Registration Law of 1871, and indicated that the whole nation became Ujiko of any shrines based on ‘Gosha precepts’, was abolished in 1973.<br> Firstly, Ujiko-iki areas of Tokyo in 1872 and 1877-79 are restored on the map from historical records which describes town names of Ujiko of each shrine. By comparing them, several changes, which included change of boundaries of Ujiko-iki, increase or decrease of vacant area and detached Ujiko-iki, are described. Among these changes most important is that many small-scale Ujiko-iki areas were revised. These small-scale Ujiko-iki areas were Ujiko of small shrine there before enacting Gosha precepts and were revised after the abolition to be approved by submission of Ujiko-negai which was a petition to have Ujiko. Finally, Sugimori shrine is taken up as a concrete example of the shrine having a small-scale Ujiko-iki revised after the abolition of Ujiko shirabe. By interpreting the diary written by the priest of this shrine, the relationship between priests and Ujiko is revealed. It is described to rest with not priests or Kocho but townsmen to be Ujiko of any shrines.<br> Secondly, it is defined how the meaning of 'Rekkaku' which is classifying into shrine rank and 'Ujiko-iki' after the abolition of Ujiko shirabe by analyzing details of laws issued in 1873. In 1873 two important statutes were abolished. One was Ujiko shirabe and the other was paying for Shinto priests of Shosha which was comprised of prefectural shrines, regional shrines, village shrines. These abolitions changed Rekkaku as relationship to the family register district into as just grading system among shrines. But Ujiko system formed by Gosha precepts, which divided whole land into Ujiko-iki of any shrines, was not abolished. After the abolition of Ujiko shirabe Ujiko-iki was not abolished perfectly but revised partially.<br> In the chapter 3, it is clarified that local shrines were classified in four times by taking statistics of the date of Rekkaku in the city of Tokyo on the official records of Shinto shrines and that ranking has different means in each time by interpreting historical records of Tokyo prefecture. 1st Rekkaku was held on May 1872 by Tokyo prefecture directly as a principle. 2nd Rekkaku was held on October and November 1872 in following survey by Kocho which were officers in charge of the family register. 3rd Rekkaku was held on July 1873 to add shrines which were not selected in 2nd Rekkaku despite old shrine having small-scale Ujiko-iki. After 3rd Rekkaku, Rekkaku were held each time Rekkaku-regai, which was a petition for Rekkaku, was submitted. Therefore, it is described that the relation between Rekkaku and Ujiko was changed after 3rd Rekkaku and shrines could be classified into four types; Rekkaku and having Ujiko, Rekkaku but not having Ujiko, not Rekkaku and not having Ujiko, not Rekkaku but having Ujiko.<br> The following is a summary of the above. After the abolition of Ujiko shirabe, Ujiko-iki was revised partially to restore religion before Gosha precepts and was completed as the modern religious district.

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