コルベール文書「ヴェルサイユ宮殿：概論」のヴェルサイユ新城館造営過程への位置づけ

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  • UPON “PALAIS DE VERSAILLES : RAISON GENERALE” WRITTEN BY COLBERT ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE CHATEAU-NEUF OF VERSAILLES
  • コルベール ブンショ 「 ヴェルサイユ キュウデン : ガイロン 」 ノ ヴェルサイユ シンシロカン ゾウエイ カテイ エ ノ イチズケ

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<p> The château de Versailles which had been a hunting lodge of Louis XIII became a huge Palace when the château-neuf was built from 1668 to 1670. Regarding the chronology of this château-neuf called envelopment, various theories have been fought since the 1940s, but the reason why many interpretations could exist is that “Palais de Versailles: Raisons générales”, one of the three documents related to this problem by Jean-Baptiste Colbert doesn’t bear the date on which it was written.</p><p> The author previously evaluated former studies on the chronology of château-neuf and emphasized the differences in the interpretation of these three documents. As a result of that, it is revealed that the interpretation of "Raisons générales" is the most important. Therefore, as a next step, it is necessary to work "Raisons générales" in the construction history of château-neuf without contradiction. In this paper, I argue that "Raisons générales" should explain the adoptation of the finally realized plan by abandoning the chief architect's competition plan which is thought to have been adopted since the end of June 1669. In other words, I believe that "Raisons générales" was written last in the above three documents. Although this order has already been presented in previous studies, the reason for doing so is not indicated, so the presentation of that reason is the original purpose of this paper.</p><p> As preparatory work, I already assessed the position of "Raisons générales" in former studies in my previous report, indicated difficulties for the interpretation of "Raisons générales" and carried out the work which highlights the positioning and inconsistency point in the interpretation of "Raisons générales" in these studies. In this paper, at first, after showing the Japanese translation by the author of the "Raisons générales", the points of the above work and issues are summarized and the author's answer to these points are presented. Based on the key derived from them, i.e. the dimensional data in "Raisons générales", the author adequately places "Raisons générales" in the construction history of the château-neuf of Versailles. The author indicates that the dimensions shown in the description that "L’élévation du dedans de la cour sera de 60 pieds de hauteur, et la cour n’aura que 28 toises de large sur 34 toises de longueur" at the beginning of the second part of "Raisons générales" is the key to this argumentation. The author proves the above hypothesis by comparing these dimentional data with the dimensions of the rooms of the appartement du roi shown in another document written by Cobert, "Mémoire de ce que le Roi desire dans son Bâtiment de Versailles". At that time, it also shows the reason why the dimensional data indicated in this "Mémoire" should be used rather than the measured value of the château-neuf of Versailles.</p>

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