ESTIMATION OF DAYLIGHT ILLUMINANCE, PAR, UV-A AND UV-B FROM THE SOLAR IRRADIANCE

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  • IGAWA Norio
    Visiting Prof., Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Dr.Eng.
  • EMURA Kazuo
    Prof., Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Dr.Eng.
  • Craig Farnham
    Lect., Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Dr.Eng.

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Other Title
  • 日射量による昼光照度、PAR、UV-A、UV-Bの推定
  • ニッシャリョウ ニ ヨル チュウコウ ショウド 、 PAR 、 UV-A 、 UV-B ノ スイテイ

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Abstract

 For the high reliable simulation, appropriate meteorological data to reproduce the real phenomenon is essential. However, it is not easy to obtain the actual information about all of the weather elements from the ordinary weather stations. For example, eve n in weather station the solar irradiance has been measured, daylight illuminance and PAR and UV-A and UV-B have not been measured. Therefore, daylight illuminance which is necessary for the planning and prediction of indoor environment is estimated from t he solar irradiance. Also, the relationships between solar radiation and PAR, UV-A and UV-B as high-prediction techniques are not established. PAR is an essential element in such as the development of the plant. The UV radiation is very important environmental factor in relation to biological effects and architectural degradation. The estimation technique leads to accurate environmental prediction or wider target if daylight illuminance, PAR, UV-A and UV-B can be estimated from the solar irradiance.<br> The measurement of weather data was started on January 1, 2006 in Osaka City University (34°36’'N, 135°30' E). In this study, 10-minute intervals data was applied. The sky conditions were classified by two indices those are the clear sky index (Kc) and the cloudless index (Cle) defined by Igawa.<br> The equations for estimating the daylight illuminances were developed from the solar irradiance based on the measurement data in Osaka. The newly developed model referred to as the Igawa_D was compared with Igawa_C mode l, Perez model and Olseth model using the actual measurement 140722 pieces values obtained from 2006 to 2011. The models used in the comparative study by the MBE and RMSE were confirmed of their accuracy. The MBE and RMSE of proposed Igawa_D were smaller than other models.<br> On the basis of the data measured at Osaka in 2008, formulae to estimate the PAR from the solar irradiance were developed. The 68, 400 pieces of the measured data in Osaka from 2007 to 2009 were applied for the validation of developed PAR efficacy equations, and the equations were confirmed of their accuracy.<br> It is well known that UV-B on the ground is strongly affected by the absorption of ozone, but it is not easy to obtain the time series data of ozone. Therefore, estimation equations were developed as the parameter of Kc and Cle using the measurement data in 2012. Comparing the estimation vales with the measurement data from 2012 to 2013, the global UV-A, the diffuse UV-A and the direct normal UV-A estimated by the proposed equations are found of their good reproducibility. The equations for UV-B developed here somewhat accuracy is low as compared to UV-A, but is believed to be sufficient for practical use.<br> After trying to establish equations to estimate daylight illuminance, PAR, UV-A and UV-B based on the solar irradiance, it seems practically useful to propose these estimation equations. Since the solar irradiance is prepared in the Expanded AMeDAS weather data as a basic data, daylight illuminance, PAR, UV-A and UV-B will be able to provide easily throughout the country based on the solar irradiance data.

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