The boundary-layer method in diffraction problems
著者
書誌事項
The boundary-layer method in diffraction problems
（Springer series in electrophysics, v. 3）
Springer-Verlag, 1979
- : gw
- : us
- タイトル別名
-
Metod pogranichnogo sloya v zadachakh difraktsii
大学図書館所蔵 件 / 全37件
-
該当する所蔵館はありません
- すべての絞り込み条件を解除する
注記
Translation of: Metod pogranichnogo sloya v zadachakh difraktsii
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
- 巻冊次
-
: us ISBN 9780387096056
内容説明
We visualise developmental biology as the study ofprogressive changes that occurwithin cells, tissues and organisms themselves during their life span. A good exampleofa field ofdevelopmentalbiology in whichthis conceptis encapsulatedis thatofsomitogenesis. The somitewas identifiedas the primordialunit underlyingthe segmentedorganisationofvertebrates more than two centuries ago. The spectacular discoveries and achievements inmolecularbiologyin the last fifty years have created a gene-basedrevolution in both the sorts ofquestions as well as the approaches one can use in developmental biology today. Largely as a resultofthis, during the 20th and 21st centuries this simple structure, the somite, has been the focus ofa deluge ofpapers addressingmultipleaspectsofsomiteformation and patterning both at the cellularand molecular level. One ofthe mainreasons for suchinterest in the process ofsomitogenesis stems from the fact that it is such an exquisitelybeautiful example ofbiology working under strict temporal and spatial control in a reiterative manner that is highly conserved across the vertebrate classes.
Our intention is that this book will be ofinterest to different kinds ofscientists, includingbasic researchers, pathologists, anatomists, teachersandstudentsworking in the fields ofcell and developmentalbiology. The nine chapterscoverawide array of topics that endeavour to capture the spirit of this dynamic and ever-expanding disciplineby integratingboth contemporaryresearchwith the classical embryological literaturethat concentratedon descriptionsofmorphologicalchanges inembryos and the interactionsofcells and tissues during development. Inso doingthey encompass the main aspects ofsomitogenesis across four vertebrate classes (frog, fish, mouse and chick) and the hope is that this will enable readers to acquire an appreciationof this developmentalprocess in all its facets.
目次
1. Formation and Differentiation of Avian Somite Derivatives........ 1 Bodo Christ and Martin Scaal Abstract................ 1 Introduction ................. 1 Dermomyotome................ 2 Sclerotome................. 14 Outlook............. 29 2. Avian Somitogenesis: Translating Time and Space into Pa ttern.......... 42 Beate Brand-Saberi, Stefan Rudloff and Anton J. Gamel Abstract............. 42 Introduction.............. 42 Epithelialization of the segmental plate............. 43 The anterior posterior polarization of the paraxial mesoderm.............. 46 Resegmentation of the somitic derivatives.............. 49 Regionalization of somites and segmental plate............... 49 Oscillations in gene expression underlying somitogenesis........... 50 Conclusion and future considerations.............. 52 3. Genetic analysis of somite formation in laboratory fish models........... 58 Christoph Winkler and Harun Elmasri Abstract............. 58 Introduction........... 58 Genetically dissecting the clock in zebrafish: The Delta/Notch somitogenesis mutants.............. 60 Dissecting the wave front in zebrafish: FGF signalling and Tbx24............ 62 Other pathways implicated in somitogenesis............ 64 Medaka: a model complementary to zebrafish............ 64 Somite formation in the teleost medaka............. 65 Medaka somitogenesis mutants............. 66 Medaka somite mutants with PSM prepatterning defects............ 67 Medaka mutants with defective somite polarity............. 67 Conclusions and outlook............. 69 4. Old wa res and new: five decades of investigation of somitogenesis in Xenopus laevis......... 73 Duncan B. Sparrow Abstract............. 73 Introduction............ 73 Structure of the PSM............. 76 Morphological descriptions of segmentation in Xenopus............. 77 A comparison of Xenopus segmentation with that of amniote vertebrates.............. 78 What controls where the somitic furrow forms?.............. 78 Evidence for segmental Prepatterning of the PSM............. 79 Cycling genes-evidence of a "clock"?............. 81 Embryological insights into the nature of the "wavefront"............... 85 The molecular nature of the wavefront............ 86 What are the morphomechanical mechanisms required for somite separation?............. 87 Ena/VASP................ 89 Conclusion.............. 90 5. Role of Delta-Like-3 in Mammalian Somitogenesis and Vertebral Column Formation...... 95 Gavin Chapman and Sally L. Dunwoodie Abstract............. 95 Introduction.............. 95 Somitogenesis............. 95 The Notch Signalling Pathway........... 97 Notch Signalling and Somite Formation.......... 99 Dll1 and Dll3 Perform Different Functions during Somitogenesis in Mammals....... 102 Dll3 Conclusions and the Future........... 106 6. Mesp-Fa mily Genes are Required for Segmental Pa tterning and Segmental Border Formation.........113 Yumiko Saga and Yu Takahashi Abstract.......... 113 Introduction............ 113 Background of Mesp1 and Mesp2........... 114 Function of Mesp2 during Somitogenesis........... 114 Mesp2 Is also Involved in the Segment Border Formation.......... 118 Regulation of Mesp2 Expression during Somitogenesis........... 120 Functional Redundancy between Mesp1 and Mesp2........... 120 Mesp Genes in the Other Vertebrates......... 121 Perspective........... 122 7. bHLH Proteins and Their Role in Somitogenesis........... 124 Miguel Maroto, Tadahiro
- 巻冊次
-
: gw ISBN 9783540096054
内容説明
It has become almost a cliche to preface one's remarks about asymptotic tech- niques with the statement that only a very few special problems in diffrac- tion theory (be it electromagnetic, acoustic, elastic or other phenomena) are possessed of closed form solutions, but as with many cliches, this is because it is true. One only has to scan the literature to see the large amount of effort (both human and computer) expended to solve diffraction problems involving complicated geometries which do not permit such simplifications as separation of variables, It was a desire for techniques more straightforward than frontal numerical assaults, as well as for a theory \~hich \~ould explain the basic physical phenomena involved, which stimulated research into asymptot- ic methods. Geometrical optics (GO) and, now, even Keller's geometrical theory of dif- fraction (GTD) have been with us for some time, and have become standard tools in the analysis of high-frequency wave phenomena, Of course, it was always recognized that these approaches broke down in certain regions: GO in the shadow region; GTD along shadow boundaries and caustics.
One remedy for these defects is to construct an expansion, based upon a more general ansatz than GO or GTD, which is made to be valid in one or more of the areas where GO or GTD break down.
目次
- Translator's Introduction.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Ray Method.- 2.1 The Starting Point: Formulas for the Scalar Case.- 2.2 The Eikonal Equation
- Rays
- Wave Fronts.- 2.3 Ray Coordinates.- 2.4 Fundamental Recurrence Formulas.- 2.5 Reflection of a Wave Given by a Ray Expansion.- 3 The Caustic Problem.- 3.1 Ray Expansion in the Neighborhood of a Caustic.- 3.2 The Analytic Nature of the Eikonal for Incoming and Outgoing Waves Near a Caustic.- 3.3 Ray Series in (s,n) and (s,?) Coordinates.- 3.4 The Field in a Boundary Layer Surrounding the Caustic.- 3.5 Fundamental Formulas.- 4 Whispering Gallery and Creeping Waves.- 4.1 Whispering Gallery Waves.- 4.2 Whispering Gallery Quasimodes.- 4.3 Creeping Waves.- 4.4 The Friedlander-Keller Solution (Diffraction Rays).- 4.5 Matching of Creeping Waves and Diffraction Rays.- 5 Oscillations Concentrated in the Neighborhood of a Ray (Gaussian Beams).- 5.1 Rays in the First Approximation.- 5.2 Derivation of the Boundary-Layer Equation.- 5.3 Solution of the System of Recurrence Equations for Vj.- 5.4 Stability of an Extremal Diameter of a Region.- 5.5 Quasimodes of the "Bouncing-Ball" Type in the First Approximation.- 5.6 Construction of Higher Approximations.- 6 Shortwave Diffraction from a Smooth Convex Body.- 6.1 The Parabolic Equation Method.- 6.2 The Analytic Nature of the Functions $$ {<!-- -->{\rm{\bar V}}_{\rm{j}}} $$ and Vj..- 6.3 The Boundary Layer in the Deep Shadow Zone.- 6.4 Continuation of the Solution from the Vicinity of the Point C into the Transition Region.- 6.5 Analytic Representation of the Incident Wave in the Neighborhood of the Limiting Ray.- 6.6 System of Recurrence Equations for the Neighborhood of the Limiting Ray.- 6.7 Extension of the Transition Region Formulas into the Neighborhood of the Limiting Ray.- 6.8 Formulas for the Field in the Shadow and in the Penumbra.- 7 The Problem of an Oscillating Point Source.- 7.1 The Ray Method for a Central Field of Rays.- 7.2 Expansion in the Transition Region.- 7.3 Expansions in the Neighborhood of the Origin.- 8 Survey of Literature.- References.
「Nielsen BookData」 より
