Nutrition of grazing ruminants in warm climates

著者

• McDowell, L. R.

書誌事項

Nutrition of grazing ruminants in warm climates

edited by Lee Russell McDowell

（Animal feeding and nutrition）

Academic Press, 1985

• : pbk
• : hd

注記

Includes bibliographies and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

From the Preface The objective of this book is to review the basic knowledge and methodology of feeding grazing ruminants in tropical and semitropical countries. It is hoped this information will be of use to farmers, research specialists, teachers, students, extension specialists, feed manufacturers, and others throughout the world concerned with the nutrition of grazing ruminants. A unique feature is the identification of nutritional limitations of grazing ruminants in the tropics, which will be beneficial for increasing animal production efficiency through the application of improved nutrition. A large number of photographs illustrate nutritional deficiencies and conditions in tropical countries. This book contains 18 chapters concerned with the nutrition of grazing ruminants. The first chapter deals with the contributions, locations, and various types of ruminants and their importance to human welfare in the tropics and subtropics. Chapters 2 - 4 progress through nutrient requirements of grazing ruminants in warm climates, the effects of tropical heat on these requirements, and water requirements for ruminant species. Chapters 5 - 7 discuss grass and legume forage species suitable for tropical regions, pasture management procedures, and energy-protein supplementation programs needed during the extensive dry periods. The importance of tropical forages and soils toward meeting mineral requirements is discussed in Chapter 8. Chapters 9 -14 contain concise, up-to-date summaries of minerals emphasizing mineral status, incidence of mineral deficiencies and excesses in tropical regions, and benefits and methods of mineral supplementation for grazing ruminants are discussed in Chapters 15 - 17. Chapter 18 reviews vitamin nutrition considerations for ruminants consuming tropical forages.

目次

?Contributors Foreword Preface 1 The Role of Ruminants in Warm Climates 1. Introduction II. What Are the Ruminants? III. Contributions of Domestic Ruminants to Human Welfare IV. Improving the Efficiency of Tropical Ruminants References 2 Nutrient Requirements of Ruminants I. General Requirements II. Energy-Protein Requirements III. Factors Influencing Mineral Requirements IV. Nutritional Relationships to Diseases and Parasites V. Environment and Stress VI. Nonnutrient Factors Affecting Requirements References 3 Water Requirements for Grazing Ruminants and Water as a Source of Minerals I. Introduction 11. Water Turnover in Ruminants III. Voluntary Intake of Water IV. Effect of Dry Matter Intake on Water Consumption V. Effect of Water Deprivation on Feed Intake and Utilization VI. Effect of Temperature on Water Intake and Digestibility of Nutrients VII. Effect of Salinity on Water Consumption VIII. Water and Electrolyte Metabolism IX. Nutrient Elements in Water X. Toxic Elements and Substances in Drinking Water XI. Summary References 4 Thermal Stress as a Factor Associated with Nutrient Requirements and Interrelationships I. Introduction II. Physiological Responses of Ruminants to Thermal Stress III. Metabolic and Hormonal Responses to Thermal Stress IV. Effects of Thermal Stress on Nutrient Requirements References 5 Forages for Grazing Systems in Warm Climates I. Introduction II. Selected Warm-Climate Perennial Grass Types III. Selected Warm-Climate Perennial Legumes References 6 Pasture Management for Optimum Ruminant Production I. Pasture Maintenance and Renovation II. Pasture Type and Grazing Management III. Grass-Legume Mixtures IV. Grazing Management Systems V. Herbage Quality VI. Pasture Use for Animal Production References 7 Providing Energy-Proteni Supplementatnio During the Dry Season I. Development of the Production System II. Improving Ruminant Production Potential of Dry-Season Forage III. Sources of Supplemental Crude Protein or Energy IV. Management for Forage Conservation and Efficient Dry-Season Feeding References 8 Contribution of Tropical Forages and Soil Toward Meeting Mineral Requirement s of Grazing Ruminants I. Introduction II. Tropical Forages as Sources of Minerals III. Soils as Sources of Minerals References 9 Calcium, Phosphorous, and Fluorine I. General II. Calcium and Phosphorus III. Fluorine References 10 Common Salt (Sodium and Chlorine), Magnesium, and Potassium I. General II. Common Salt (Sodium and Chlorine) III. Magnesium IV. Potassium References 11 Copper, Molybdenum, and Sulfur I. Introduction II. Metabolism of Copper and Molybdenum III. Copper and Molybdenum Requirements IV. Copper Deficiency V. Prevention and Control of Copper Deficiency VI. Toxicity of Copper and Molybdenum VII. Sulfur References 12 Cobalt, Iodine, and Selenium I. General II. Cobalt III. Iodine IV. Selenium References 13 Iron, Manganese, and Zinc I. General II. Iron III. Manganese IV. Zinc References 14 Newly Discovered and Toxic Elements I. Introduction II. Toxic Elements III. Newly Discovered Trace Elements IV. Significance of Newly Discovered and Toxic Elements for Grazing Livestock References 15 Detection of Mineral Status of Grazing Ruminants I. Introduction II. Clinical and Pathological Evaluation III. Analysis of Water, Soil, and Forage IV. Examination of Tissues and Fluids V. Response to Supplementation VI. Analyses Most Indicative of Mineral Status VII. A Mapping Technique for Determining Mineral Deficiencies and Toxicities References 16 Incidence of Nutrient Deficiencies and Excesses in Tropical Regions and Beneficial Results of Mineral Supplementatnio I. Introduction II. Geographical Distribution of Nutritional Deficiencies and Toxicities III. Energy-Protein Deficiencies in Ruminants IV. Incidence of Mineral Deficiencies and Toxicities V. Mineral Supplementation Results VI. Disease Conditions Related to Minerals VII. Seasonal Needs for Supplemental Minerals VIII. Economic Benefits from Mineral Supplementation References 17 Free-Choiec Mineral Supplementatino and Methods of Mineral Evaluation I. Introduction II. Methods of Providing Minerals to Grazing Livestock III. Free-Choice Mineral Supplementation IV. Factors Affecting Mineral Consumption V. Selecting a Free-Choice Mineral Supplement VI. Information Required for Mineral Supplement Formulation VII. Calculations Required for Mineral Supplement Formulation VIII. Mineral Supplement Evaluation References 18 Vitamin Nutrition for Ruminants I. Introduction II. Vitamin A III. Vitamin D IV. Vitamin ? V. Vitamin ? VI. B-Complex Vitamins VII. Providing Vitamin Supplements References Appendix Index

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詳細情報

• NII書誌ID(NCID): BA00685128
• ISBN:
  • 0124833713
  • 0124833705
• LCCN: 85006120
• 出版国コード: us
• タイトル言語コード: eng
• 本文言語コード: eng
• 出版地: Orlando
• ページ数/冊数: xviii, 443 p.
• 大きさ: 24 cm
• 分類:
  • LCC : SF95
  • DC19 : 636.2/0852
• 件名:
  • LCSH : Animal nutrition -- Tropics
  • LCSH : Ruminants -- Tropics -- Feeding and feeds
• 親書誌ID:
  • BA00549640