Physics in the modern world
著者
書誌事項
Physics in the modern world
Academic Press, c1981
2nd ed
- : pbk.
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注記
Paperback ed. has additional statement: International edition
Includes bibliographical refernces and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Physics in the Modern World, Second Edition focuses on the applications of physics in a world dominated by technology and the many ways that physical ideas are manifest in everyday situations, from the operation of rockets and cameras to space travel and X-ray photography. It shows how physical principles bring a pattern of simplicity and continuity to the diverse natural and technological world around us. Automobile air bags, artificial gravity, and pollution control, as well as appliance economics, radar, and other modern phenomena and devices are discussed to emphasize the way that physical principles are applied in today's world. Comprised of 21 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to physical ideas, with particular reference to the basic concepts used in describing and measuring things such as length, time, and mass. The discussion then turns to motion, force, and linear momentum, along with circular motion, torque, and angular momentum. Subsequent chapters focus on gravitation and space travel; energy and electricity; liquids and gases; electromagnetism; heat; waves; electromagnetic radiation; light; atoms; relativity; structure of matter; nuclei and nuclear power; and radiation. Each chapter concludes with a list of exercises that include questions and problems. This monograph is intended for physics students who are specializing in other disciplines.
目次
Preface1 Introduction to Physical Ideas Describing and Measuring Things Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises2 Motion 2-1 Average Speed 2-2 Graphical Representation of Speed 2-3 Acceleration 2-4 Accelerated Motion 2-5 Free Fall 2-6 Vectors 2-7 Motion in Two Dimensions Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises3 Force 3-1 Force and Inertia 3-2 Dynamics 3-3 Action and Reaction 3-4 Friction 3-5 Statics Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises4 Linear Momentum 4-1 (Mass) x (Velocity) 4-2 The Conservation of Linear Momentum 4-3 The Vector Character of Linear Momentum Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises5 Circular Motion, Torque, and Angular Momentum 5-1 Circular Motion 5-2 Torque 5-3 Center of Mass 5-4 Angular Momentum 5-5 Rotational Inertia Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises6 Gravitation and Space Travel 6-1 Planetary Motion 6-2 Universal Gravitation 6-3 Space Travel Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises7 Energy 7-1 Work 7-2 Work Done Against Various Forces 7-3 Power 7-4 Kinetic and Potential Energy Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises8 Energy in Today's World 8-1 How Much Energy Do We Use? 8-2 Water Power 8-3 Fossil Fuels 8-4 Nuclear Energy 8-5 Secondary Energy Sources 8-6 The Storage of Energy 8-7 Energy and the Environment Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises9 Heat 9-1 The Laws of Thermodynamics 9-2 Temperature and Heat 9-3 Thermal Effects on Size 9-4 Heat Calculations 9-5 Heat Transfer Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises10 Liquids and Gases 10-1 Pressure 10-2 Buoyancy 10-3 The Gas Laws 10-4 Kinetic Theory 10-5 Changes of Phase Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises11 Electricity 11-1 The Electric Force 11-2 The Electric Field 11-3 The Electron Charge and the Electron Volt 11-4 Capacitance 11-5 Electric Current 11-6 Electric Resistance 11-7 Electric Circuits 11-8 Atmospheric Electricity Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises12 Electromagnetism 12-1 Magnetism and the Earth's Magnetic Field 12-2 The Interaction of Currents and Charges with Magnetic Fields 12-3 Magnetic Fields Produced by Currents 12-4 Fields That Vary with Time 12-5 Alternating Current Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises13 Waves 13-1 Simple Harmonic Motion 13-2 Wave Pulses on Springs and Strings 13-3 Traveling Waves 13-4 Superimposed Waves 13-5 Sound 13-6 Refraction, Diffraction, and Interference Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises14 Electromagnetic Radiation 14-1 Producing Electromagnetic Waves 14-2 Properties of Electromagnetic Waves 14-3 Polarization 14-4 Photons Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises15 Light 15-1 Basic Features of Light and Light Sources 15-2 Lenses 15-3 Optical Instruments 15-4 Color and Spectra 15-5 Light and Vision Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises16 Relativity 16-1 The Basis of Relativity 16-2 The Velocity of Light 16-3 Relativistic Effects on Time and Length 16-4 Mass and Energy 16-5 The General Theory Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises17 Electrons and Photons 17-1 The Photoelectric Effect 17-2 The Wave Nature of Particles 17-3 Quantum Theory Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises18 The Modern View of Atoms 18-1 The Hydrogen Atom 18-2 Quantum Theory of the Hydrogen Atom 18-3 Complex Atoms and the Periodic Table 18-4 X Rays 18-5 Lasers Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises19 The Structure of Matter 19-1 Ionic Bonds and Ionic Crystals 19-2 Covalent Bonds and Covalent Crystals 19-3 Hydrogen Bonds 19-4 Semiconductors 19-5 Superconductors Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises20 Nuclei and Nuclear Power 20-1 Radioactivity 20-2 The Nuclear Atom 20-3 The Composition of Nuclei 20-4 Nuclear Masses 20-5 Nuclear Reactions 20-6 Nuclear Fission 20-7 Nuclear Reactors 20-8 Nuclear Fusion 20-9 The Strong and Weak Forces 20-10 Nuclear Reactions in the Sun Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and Exercises21 Radiation - Effects and Uses 21-1 Radiation and Radiation Effects 21-2 Radiation Techniques in Various Fields 21-3 Biological Effects of Radiation 21-4 Biological and Medical Uses of Radiation Important Terms and Concepts Suggested Readings Questions and ExercisesAppendixEssential Definitions of TrigonometryAnswers Odd-Numbered Numerical ExercisesIndex
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