Potato
著者
書誌事項
Potato
（Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, 3）
Springer-Verlag, c1987
- : U.S.
- : Germany
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注記
Includes bibliographies and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Deals with biotechnological approaches incorporated into po- tato improvement progammes. These methods have far-reaching implications for the synthesis of improved, disease- resist- ant and nutritious cultivars of potato.
目次
Section I Micropropagation, Virus-Free Plants, Haploid Production and Field Trials.- I.1 Biotechnology and 21st Century Potato.- 1. General Account.- 2. Traditional Methods of Potato Breeding.- 3. Biotechnology Produces Novel Potatoes.- 4. The Future Potato.- References.- I.2 In Vitro Propagation of Potato - Progress in Czechoslovakia.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Meristem Tip Culture.- 3. In Vitro Clonal Propagation.- References.- I.3 Virus-Free Potatoes Through Meristem Culture.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Virus Elimination.- 3. Indexing Source Plants.- 4. Heat Therapy.- 5. Culture Medium.- 6. Meristem Culture.- 7. Indexing Treated Plantlets.- 8. Elimination of PSTV.- 9. Indexing Field Plants.- 10. Summary.- References.- I.4 In Vitro Induction of Virus-Free Potatoes by Chemotherapy.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Meristem and Explant Culture of Potato in the Presence of Virazole.- 3. Discussion.- References.- I.5 In Vitro Improvement of Potatoes: The New Zealand Approach.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Biotechnological Approaches.- 3. Future Prospects of Biotechnology in Potatoes in New Zealand.- References.- I.6 In Vitro Production and Release of Potato Varieties in China.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Meristem-Tip Culture.- 3. Cold Storage of Shoot Tips and Plantlets.- 4. Large-Scale Propagation and Growing of the Virus-Free Plantlets.- 5. Varieties Released.- 6. Comparison of Growth and Production of Healthy and Infected Plants.- 7. Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- I.7 Field Performance of Micropropagated Potato Plants.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Growth and Production of Micropropagated Potatoes as Compared to Tuber-Generated Potatoes.- 3. Timing and Handling of Micropropagules.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- I.8 Anther Culture and Haploid Production in Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Factors Influencing Anther Culture.- 3. Pollen Culture.- 4. Development of Pollen Grains to Plants.- 5. Utilization of Anther Culture Technique and Haploids.- References.- Section II Physiological, Biochemical and Nutritional Studies, and Molecular Genetics.- II. 1 Potato Tuber Storage: Biochemical and Physiological Changes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Relations Between Storage and Plant Hormones.- 3. Changes in Various Constituents During Storage.- 4. Changes in Metabolic Activities with Storage.- References.- II.2 Biotechnology of Nutritional Improvement of Potato.- 1. Potato as a Food.- 2. Potato as a Source of Energy.- 3. Composition of Potato.- 4. Nutritional Considerations on Improvement.- 5. Conventional Methods of Improvement of Proteins and Amino Acids.- 6. Biotechnological Approaches to Nutritional Improvement.- 7. Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- II.3 Molecular Genetics of Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Nuclear Genetics.- 3. Organelle Genetics.- 4. DNA-Mediated Genetic Transformation in S. tuberosum.- 5. Molecular Genetics of Somaclonal Variation.- 6. Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- Section III Protoplast Isolation, Culture and Somatic Hybridization.- III.1 Viability, DNA Synthesis and Cell Wall Regeneration on Potato Protoplasts.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methodology.- 3. Results and Discussion.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- III.2 Improved Culture Techniques for Potato Protoplasts.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Source of Plant Material.- 3. Protoplast Isolation and Purification.- 4. Protoplast Culture.- 5. Conclusion.- References.- III.3 Regeneration of Plants from Potato Protoplasts.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Pre-Growth of the Cells or Plant.- 3. Production of Protoplasts.- 4. Collection and Washing of Protoplasts.- 5. Culture of Protoplasts and Calli.- 6. Nature of the Protoclones Produced.- References.- III.4 Electrofusion and Analysis of Potato Somatic Hybrids.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Protoplast Preparations.- 3. Electrofusion of Potato Protoplasts.- 4. Characterization of Variants and Fusion Products.- References.- III.5 Markers for Identifying Somatic Hybrids in Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Biochemical Markers.- 3. Transient Differences Between Hybrids and Their Parents...- 4. Gross Phenotypic Differences.- 5. Selectable Genetic Markers.- 6. Conclusion.- References.- Section IV Somaclonal Variation, Selection of Mutants and Resistant Plants.- IV. 1 Effect of the Origin of Explant on Callus Initiation and Differentiation in Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Study of the Aptitudes for Callogenesis and Organogenesis of Various Primary Explants.- 4. Composition of the Callus After Fragmentation and Successive Subculturing.- 5. Histogenesis.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- IV2 In Vitro Induction of Cold Acclimation in Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Potato Cold Acclimation.- 3. The Establishment of Tissue Cultures.- 4. In Vitro Cold Acclimation.- 5. Hormonal Effects on Cold Acclimation.- 6. Plasma Membrane Alterations.- 7. Conclusion.- References.- IV3 Potato Improvement Through In Vitro Selection for Increased Levels of Free Amino Acids.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Selection Methods.- 3. Potato Tissue Culture Selection.- 4. Other Tissue Culture Selections.- 5. Conclusion.- References.- IV.4 Biotechnologies of Obtaining Herbicide Tolerance in Potato.- 1. The Problem and Possible Solutions.- 2. Biotechnological Selection Systems.- 3. Results with Potatoes.- 4. The Future Outlook and Challenges.- References.- IV.5 In Vitro Production of Potatoes Bearing Resistance to Fungal Diseases.- 1. Historic Selection of Potato.- 2. Potato Breeding and Disease Resistance.- 3. Somatic Approach.- 4. Isolation of Phytotoxin.- 5. Resistance Screening of Regenerates.- 6. Regeneration After in Vitro Selection.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- IV.6 Selection of Variants by Dual Culture of Potato and Phytophthora infestans.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Regeneration of Potato Variants.- 3. Dual Culture of Potato and Fungus.- 4. Greenhouse Observations of Variants.- 5. Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- IV.7 Testing Somaclonal Variants of Potato for Resistance to Virus Disease.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Examples of Specific Disease Resistance Studies with Potato.- 3. Previous Work on Resistance to Potato Viruses.- 4. Nature of Resistance to Disease in Somaclones.- 5. Protoplasts Isolation from Potato Leaf Mesophyll.- 6. Other Virus/Viroid Diseases.- 7. Methods for Future Work.- References.- IV.8 Breeding for Virus and Nematode Resistance in Potato Through Microspore Culture.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methodology.- 3. Results.- 4. Discussion.- References.- IV.9 Genetic Diversity in Protoplast- and Cell-Derived Plants of Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Karyological Observations.- 3. Phenotypic Changes in Protoplast- and Cell-Derived Plants.- 4. Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- IV. 10 Variation in Tubers in Single Cell-Derived Clones of Potato in Ireland.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Single Cell Culture.- 3. Somaclonal Variation in Regenerates from Single Cell Culture.- 4. Discussion.- References.- IV. 11 Genetic Variability in Tuber Disc-Derived Potato Plants.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Tuber Disc Regeneration Procedure.- 3. Origins of Variability.- 4. Variability from Adventitious Regeneration.- 5. Statistical Approach to Evaluation of Quantitative Variation.- 6. Exemplary Analysis of Tuber Elongation Ratio Results.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- IV. 12 In Vitro Induction of Mutation in Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. In Vivo Mutation Breeding.- 3. In Vitro Culture and Mutation Breeding.- 4. The Somaclonal Variation.- 5. Discussion and Perspectives.- References.- Section V Conservation and Exchange of Germplasm.- V.1 Preservation of Potato Pollen.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results and Discussion.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- V.2 In Vitro Conservation of Potato Germplasm in Hungary.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Culture Initiation.- 3. Elimination of Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi.- 4. Maintenance of Cultures.- 5. Maintenance of Viruses in Culture.- 6. Long-Term Storage.- 7. Genetic Stability.- 8. Exchange and Transfer.- 9. Vegetative Propagation.- 10. In Vitro Tuberization.- 11. Planting.- 12. Development of Plants in the Field.- 13. Conclusions.- References.- V.3 Tissue Culture for the International Exchange of Potato and Cassava Germplasm.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Establishment of Gene Banks.- 3. Tissue Culture Methods.- 4. Distribution of Germplasm.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- V.4 Freeze Preservation of Suspension Cultures of Potato.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Preparation of Cell Suspension Culture.- 3. Freeze Preservation.- References.- V.5 Cryopreservation of Potato Germplasm.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Cryopreservation of Excised Meristems.- 3. Cryopreservation of Root Tips.- 4. Cryopreservation of Cell Suspensions and Somaclones.- 5. Cryopreservation of Pollen.- 6. Viability and Stability During Storage.- 7. Clonal Repositories and the International Exchange of Germplasm.- 8. Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- V.6 Fluid Drilling of Embryos in Potato Improvement - A Future Possibility.- 1. Problems of Potato 'Seed' Production.- 2. Alternative Planting Systems.- 3. Somatic Embryogenesis in Herbaceous Crops.- 4. Delivery Systems for Somatic Embryos.- 5. Recent Developments in Potato Tissue Culture.- 6. Future of Fluid Drilling of Potato Somatic Embryos.- References.
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