Handbook of clinical sociology
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書誌事項
Handbook of clinical sociology
Plenum Press, c1991
- : hard cocer
- : cloth with stamping
- : paperbound
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Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
- 巻冊次
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: cloth with stamping ISBN 9780306435591
内容説明
Clinical sociology, in its broadest sense, is the application of a sociological perspective to facilitate change. Its practitioners are primarily change agents rather than scholars or researchers, and work with a client, be that an individual, family, group, organization, or community. The contribut
- 巻冊次
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: paperbound ISBN 9780306435799
内容説明
This book is a most welcome addition to the growing literature on sociological practice. There isa wealthofwisdomandexperience reflected in thesechaptersas well as a wide variety ofexamples of sociology in action. Clinical sociology, in its broadest sense, is the application of a sociological perspectivetofacilitatechange. Itspractitionersareprimarilychangeagentsrather than scholars or researchers, and work with a client, be that an individual, family, group, organization, or community. The reappearance and growthofclinical sociology during the past decade is therealizationofavisionofmine,borninthe 1960sand 1970soutofmyangerand frustration-first as a graduate studentand then as a professor-thatsociologists, unlike their psychological brethren, did not practice what they preached. Persons trainedinotherdisciplineswere practicingclinicalsociology,and those fewsociolo- gists who did kept it a secret. The ClinicalSociologyAssociation, which I cofounded in 1978, had itsbegin- nings at a roundtable I led at the American Sociological Association meetings in New York in 1976.
I hadjust concluded four years as the only sociologist on the facultyoftheCaliforniaSchoolofProfessionalPsychologyinLosAngelesteaching graduateclinicalpsychologystudentshowtodosociology. Isawsociologygivingup by default a role in change efforts that necessitate the consideration of social systems.Socialworkers, psychologists,politicalscientists,gerontologists,criminolo- gists, marriage and family counselors, to name a few, have eagerly gone where we had failed to tread. Practitioners in these fields, as social systems change agents, have carved a niche, often protecting themselves with licensing laws and other restrictions that make entry by sociologists difficult. Thus we are latecomers in a crowded field.
目次
I The Reemerging Field of Clinical Sociology.- 1. Clinical Sociology: Defining the Field.- Toward a Definition.- Distinctiveness of the Sociological Approach.- The Sociological Perspective.- Theory.- Sociological Methods.- Roles for Clinical Sociologists.- Organizational Consultant/Organizational Development.- Social Impact Assessment.- Community Organization.- Mediation/Conflict Resolution.- Program Development/Program Evaluation.- Counselor/Sociotherapy.- Trainer/Teacher.- Broker.- Advocate.- Group Facilitator.- Conclusion.- References.- 2. The Emergence of American Clinical Sociology.- The First Courses in Clinical Sociology.- The Appearance of the Label Clinical Sociology.- Pre-SPA Publications: 1930-1977.- Post-SPA Publications: 1978-1988.- Conclusion.- References.- II General Practice Concerns.- 3. Assessment in Clinical Sociology.- The Logic of Clinical Assessment.- Analytical Assessment Phases.- Preliminary Screening.- Intake Assessment Survey.- Exploratory Assessment.- Assessment of Possible Interventions.- Summatory Assessment.- References.- 4. Intervention in Clinical Sociology.- The Diversity and Unity of Intervention in Clinical Sociology.- Guiding Themes.- Science.- Intervention as Process.- Intervention as a Humanistic Pursuit.- The Goal of Intervention Is Behavior Change.- Problems Addressed as Social Problems.- Barriers to Change.- Loci of Intervention: Targets for Change.- Approaches to Intervention.- Conclusion.- References.- 5. Program Evaluation and Clinical Sociology.- Four Models of Program Evaluation.- The Objectives-Based Model.- The Decision-Oriented Model.- The Naturalistic Inquiry Model.- The Expert Model.- A Utilization-Focused Perspective.- Issues in Planning and Conducting Evaluations.- Should We Evaluate?.- Who Should Evaluate?.- What Should Be Evaluated?.- How Should the Evaluation Be Done?.- How to Deal with Evaluation Findings?.- After the Evaluation, Then What?.- References.- 6. Communication and Relationships with Clients.- On Relationships, Generally.- The Clinical Relationship.- Presenting Conditions.- Communication.- Preparing for Communication.- Initial Meetings.- Approaching Clients.- Barriers, Breakdowns, and Problems.- Client Training Clinician.- Conclusion.- References.- 7. Ethics in Clinical Sociology.- Ethical Ideals and behavior.- Models of a Helping Relationship.- Roles and Norms.- Cultural Sensitivities.- Self-Disclosure of Professional and Client.- Privileged Communication and Confidentiality.- Manipulation of behavior.- Rights of Clients and Practitioners.- Self-Determination.- Negotiating Sound Contracts.- Evaluation Research.- The Clinical Sociologist as an Expert Witness.- Professional Accountability.- Malpractice.- New Ethical Issues.- Appendix A: Ethical Standards of Sociological Practitioners.- Appendix B: A Patient's Bill of Rights.- Appendix C: Standards for the Expert Witness.- References.- 8. The Effects of Social Change on Clinical Practice.- Conceptual Considerations.- Contextual Determination.- Determining the Context of Advanced Technological Society.- Macrolevel Changes.- Mesolevel Changes.- Microlevel Changes.- Conclusions.- References.- III Clinical Sociology in Specific Settings.- 9. Clinical Sociology with Individuals and Families.- The Relevance of Sociology to Counseling.- The Thematic Approach to Sociological Counseling.- Autonomy and Constraint: A Guiding Theme.- Counseling Stages and Sociological Contributions.- Intake and Introduction.- Assessment and Evaluation.- Intervention and Follow-Up.- A General Approach.- On Expressive and Instrumental Action.- Specifying Facts and Likely Consequences.- Reality Construction and Time Allocation.- Establishing Rituals.- Follow-Up: Clinical Interventions as Hypothesis Testing.- Conclusion.- References.- 10. Public Policies and Clinical Sociology.- Basic Questions and Tasks.- Getting Acquainted.- Visualizing the Social Situation.- Diagnosing Problems.- Defining Goals.- Developing Strategies.- Intervening Diplomatically.- Continuing Program Adaptations.- Ethical Concerns and Issues.- References.- 11. The Clinical Sociologist in Medical Settings.- History of Medical Sociology.- Use of Theory in Clinical Medical Sociology.- Special Roles of Clinical Sociologists in Medical Settings.- Counselor in Medical Settings.- Program Developer.- Attendance on Teaching Rounds.- The Credibility Crisis for Clinical Sociologists.- Areas of Expansion for Clinical Medical Sociologists.- Medical Ethics and Clinical Sociology.- Clinical Sociologists and Service in Chronic Illness.- Facilitating Wellness: Clinical Sociology's Ultimate Challenge.- References.- 12. Health Promotion and Clinical Sociology.- The Concept of Health Promotion.- Relevance of Health Promotion to Clinical Sociology.- Learning Health Promoting Behaviors.- Paradigms of Intervention.- Lifestyle Change.- Targeting Behavior for Change.- Changing the Social Context.- The Paradigms Illustrated.- Targeting Behavior for Change.- Targeting Lifestyle for Change.- Targeting the Social Context for Change.- Roles for Clinical Sociologists.- Strategies for Health Promotion.- Overcoming Barriers to Health Promotion.- A Potential Health Promotion Paradigm.- References.- 13. Mental Health and Clinical Sociology.- A Biopsychosocial Role Theory of Mental Health.- Sense of Attainment.- Complement of Life Vectors.- Interaction between Two Persons and Role Theory.- Assessing a Stressful Situation and Selecting Alternatives.- Patterns of Reaction and Defense Mechanisms.- Methodology.- Results and Intervention.- The Clinical Sociologist as a Member of the Clinical Team.- The Clinical Sociologist in the Community.- Training of the Clinical Sociologist.- Appendix A: Coding of Imbalances between Expectations and Performances for Each Life Vector According to Set Criteria.- Appendix B: Summing-Up of a Case History.- References.- 14. Clinical Sociology in the Criminal Justice System.- The Context of the Justice System.- New Directions and Models in the Justice System.- Clinical Sociologists in Law Enforcement Programs.- Clinical Sociologists in the Judicial System.- Clinical Sociologists in the Corrections System.- The Role of Sociology in the History of Criminal Justice.- Law Enforcement.- Judicial.- Corrections.- Theories for Clinical Sociological Practice in Criminal Justice.- Conflict Theory.- Phenomenological Theory.- Social Construction of Reality Theory.- Translating Theory into Practice in Clinical Sociology.- References.- 15. Clinical Sociology and Mediation.- Mediation.- Mediation Opportunities: A Case Example.- Project Structure.- Administration.- Training.- Evaluation.- Program Impact.- A "Typical" Mediation.- Beginning the Mediation.- Opening Statements.- Bringing the Two Together.- The Root of the Problem.- Keeping the Peace.- Piecing Together Solutions.- Concluding the Agreement: Three Options.- New Directions.- Outreach Opportunities for Clinical Sociologists.- Mediation: A Growth Industry.- References.- 16. A Clinical Perspective on Organizational Development.- and Overview.- Tying Definitions to Major Themes in Clinical Sociology.- Case-Based Intervention.- Problem Oriented.- Cause Focused.- The Intervention Cycle Dilemma.- A Concluding Note on Environmental and Technological Change.- References.- 17. Clinical Sociology in the Workplace.- Workplace Challenges.- Substance Abuse.- Sexual Harassment.- Quality Circles.- Stress at Work.- Outplacement.- Summary.- Appendix: Clinical Sociologist and Union Work.- References.- 18. Clinical Educational Sociology: Interventions for School Staff.- What Is Wrong with Schools?.- What Teachers Face.- What Teachers Feel.- Working in Reservoirs of Pain.- Workloads.- Blamed for Learning Failures.- Loss of Authority.- Cut Off from Intellectual Capital.- Consequences of Professionalization.- Staff Differentiation.- Constituencies and the Search for Reforms.- Restructuring.- Interventions for Teachers.- References.- IV Work with Special Populations.- 19. Culture Adaptive Therapy: A Role for the Clinical Sociologist in a Mental Health Setting.- A General View of the Problem.- Social Origins of Depression.- The Clinical Sociologist as Microchange Agent.- Case 1.- Case 2.- The Sociocultural Hypothesis.- Evaluation of the CAT Patient.- Termination of Therapy.- Conclusions.- References.- 20. Empowering Women: A Clinical Sociology Model for Working with Women in Groups.- Overview.- A Terrible and Magnificent Lesson.- Microcosm: The Healing Capacity of the Group.- Blueprints and Imprints: The Sociological Dimension.- Status.- Roles.- Values.- A Celebration of Difference: The Psychological Dimension.- A Double-Edged Sword: The Physiological Dimension.- The Biological Clock.- Cyclical Nature of Female Physiology.- Reproductive Disorders.- Reproductive Freedom.- Sociodiagnosis: The Focus of Group Work.- From Diagnosis to Prescription: Some Guiding Principles.- Empowerment.- Connecting/Reconnecting.- Building Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence.- Enhancing Self-Awareness.- Making Peace.- Consolidation.- Autonomy within the Group.- Guidelines for Group Facilitation: The Principles Applied.- Demeanor of Facilitator/Therapist.- Individual versus Group Sessions.- Establishing Ground Rules.- Breaking the Ice.- Building Trust and Common Bonds.- Promoting Equality within the Group.- Politicization.- Closure and Termination.- Professional Concerns.- Expanding the Web: Referrals.- Logistics.- Management of Schedules, Fees.- Advertising.- Training and Certification.- Ethics.- The Impact on Us of Working with Women in Groups.- Conclusion.- References.- 21 . Gerontology and Clinical Sociology.- Social Gerontology.- Theories.- Earliest Theories.- Second Generation Theories.- Emergent Theories.- Perspectives on the Later Stages of Life.- Biological Perspective.- Psychological Perspectives.- Sociological Perspectives.- Life Cycle/Human Development/Stage Theories and Perspectives.- Anomie and the Old.- A Frame of Reference.- Cases, Techniques, and Theory Application.- Crisis Intervention and the Clinical Sociologist.- The Use of Labeling Theories in Clinical Work.- The Use of Assessment Techniques.- Some Suggested Resources.- Research.- The Challenge.- References.- 22. Drug Abuse Prevention: Clinical Sociology in the Community.- Interventions.- Initial Interventions.- Community Organization of Drug Abuse Prevention.- Peer Prevention of Drug Abuse.- Problems in Community Drug Abuse Prevention.- References.
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