Keywords in evolutionary biology
著者
書誌事項
Keywords in evolutionary biology
Harvard University Press, 1992
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. [343]-393) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
In science, more than elsewhere, a word is expected to mean what it says, nothing more, nothing less. But scientific discourse is neither different nor separable from ordinary language - meanings are multiple, ambiguities ubiquitous "Keywords in Evolutionary Biology" grapples with this problem in a field especially prone to the confusion engendered by semantic imprecision. Written by historians, philosophers, and biologists - including, among others, Stephen Jay Gould, Diane Paul, John Beatty, Robert Richards, Richard Lewontin, David Sloan Wilson, Peter Bowler, and Richard Dawkins - these essays identify and explicate those terms in evolutionary biology which, though commonly used, are plagued by multiple concurrent and historically varying meanings. By clarifying these terms in their many guises, the editors hope to focus attention on major scholarly problems in the field - problems sometimes obscured, sometimes revealed, and sometimes even created by the use of such equivocal words. "Competition", "adaptation", and "fitness", for instance, are among the terms whose multiple meanings have led to more than merely semantic debates in evolutionary biology.
Exploring the complexity of keywords and clarifying their role in prominent issues in the field, this book should prove invaluable to scientists and philosophers trying to come to terms with evolutionary theory. It should also serve as a useful guide to future research into the ways in which scientific language works.
目次
- Adaptation - historical perspectives, Richard M. Burian
- adaptation - current usages, Mary Jane West-Eberhard
- altruism - theoretical contexts, Alexander Rosenberg
- altruism - contemporary debates, David Sloan Wilson and Lee A. Dugatkin
- altruism - some theoretical ambiguities, Marcy K. Uyenoyama and Marcus W. Feldman
- character - historical perspectives, Lindley Darden
- character - current usages, Kurt Fristrup
- community, Peter Taylor
- competition - historical perspectives, Robert McIntosh
- competition - current usages, Evelyn Fox Keller
- Darwinism, Michael Ruse
- environment, Robert N. Brandon
- epistasis, Michael J. Wade
- eugenics, Daniel J. Kevles
- evolution, Robert J. Richards
- extinction, John Damuth
- fitness - historical perspectives, Diane Paul
- fitness - theoretical contexts, John Beatty
- fitness - reproductive ambiguities, Evelyn Fox Keller
- gene - historical perspectives, Jane Maienschein
- gene - current usages, Philip Kitcher
- genetic load, James F. Crow
- genotype and phenotype, Richard C. Lewontin
- group selection, David Sloan Wilson
- heritability - historical perspectives, Michael J. Wade
- heritability - some theoretical ambiguities, Marcus W. Feldman
- heterochrony, Stephen Jay gould
- heterosis, Diane Paul
- homology, Michael J. Donoghue
- individual, David L. Hull
- lamarckism, Peter J. Bowler
- macromutation, Michael R. Dietrich
- monophyly, Elliott Sober
- mutualism and cooperation, Douglas H. Boucher
- natural selection - historical perspectives, M.J.S. Hodge
- natural selection - current usages, John A. Endler
- neutralism, Motoo Kimura
- niche - historical perspectives, James R. Griesemer
- niche - a bifurcation in the conceptual lineage of the term, Robert K. Colwell
- parsimony, Elliott Sober
- phenotypic plasticity, Deborah M. Gordon
- progress, Richard Dawkins
- random drift, John Beatty
- resource, Peter Abrams
- sexual selection - contemporary debates, Hamish G. Spencer and Judith C. Masters
- species - historical perspectives, Peter F. Stevens
- species - theoretical contexts, John Dupre
- species - current usages, Mary B. Williams
- teleology, James G. Lennox
- unit of selection, Elizabeth A. Lloyd.
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