Science with a vengeance : how the military created the US space sciences after World War II

著者

書誌事項

Science with a vengeance : how the military created the US space sciences after World War II

David H. DeVorkin

Springer-Verlag, c1992

  • : us
  • : gw
  • : us : pbk
  • : gw : pbk

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-378) and index

内容説明・目次

巻冊次

: us : pbk ISBN 9780387941370

内容説明

The exploration of the upper atmosphere was given a jump start in the United States by German V-2 rockets - Hitler's "vengeance weapon" - captured at the end of World War II. The science performed with these missiles was largely determined by the missile itself, such as learning more about the medium through which a ballistic missile travels. Groups rapidly formed within the military and military-funded university laboratories to build instruments to investigate the Earth's upper atmosphere and ionosphere, the nature of cosmic radiation, and the ultraviolet spectrum of the Sun. Few, if any, members of these research groups had prior experience or demonstrated interests in atmospheric, cosmic-ray, or solar physics. Although scientific agendas were at first centered on what could be done with missiles and how to make ballistic missile systems work, reports on techniques and results were widely publicized as the research groups and their patrons sought scientific legitimacy and learned how to make their science an integral part of the national security state. The process by which these groups gained scientific and institutional authority was far from straightforward and offers useful insight both for the historian and for the scientist concerned with how specialties born within the military services became part of post-war American science.
巻冊次

: us ISBN 9780387977706

内容説明

The exploration of the upper atmosphere was given a jump start in the United States by German V-2 rockets - Hitler's "vengeance weapon" - captured at the end of World War II. The science performed with these missiles was largely determined by the missile itself, such as learning more about the medium through which a ballistic missile travels. Groups rapidly formed within the military and military-funded university laboratories to build instruments to investigate the Earth's upper atmosphere and ionosphere, the nature of cosmic radiation, and the ultraviolet spectrum of the Sun. Few, if any, members of these research groups had prior experience or demonstrated interests in atmospheric, cosmic-ray, or solar physics. Although scientific agendas were at first centered on what could be done with missiles and how to make ballistic missile systems work, reports on techniques and results were widely publicized as the research groups and their patrons sought scientific legitimacy and learned how to make their science an integral part of the national security state. The process by which these groups gained scientific and institutional authority was far from straightforward and offers useful insight both for the historian and for the scientist concerned with how specialties born within the military services became part of post-war American science.
巻冊次

: gw : pbk ISBN 9783540941378

内容説明

The exploration of the upper atmosphere was given a jump start in the United States by German V-2 rockets - Hitler's "vengeance weapon" - captured at the end of World War II. The science performed with these missiles was largely determined by the missile itself. Groups rapidly formed within the military and military-funded university laboratories to build instruments to investigate the Earth's upper atmosphere and ionosphere, the nature of cosmic radiation, and the ultraviolet spectrum of the Sun. Few, if any, members of these research groups had prior experience or demonstrated interests in atmospheric, cosmic-ray, or solar physics. Although scientific agendas were at first centered on what could be done with missiles and how to make ballistic missile systems work, reports on techniques and results were widely publicized as the research groups and their patrons sought scientific legitimacy and learned how to make their science an integral part of the national security state. The process by which these groups gained scientific and institutional authority was far from straightforward. This study offers insight both for the historian and for the scientist concerned with how specialties born within the military services became part of post-war American science.
巻冊次

: gw ISBN 9783540977704

内容説明

With the end of World War II and the transfer to much of the remaining stock of German V-2 rockets to the US, a glorious opportunity for research opened up, to study the physics and chemistry of the upper atmosphere as well as the ultraviolet radiation that does not penetrate to the surface of the Earth. Within a very few years, a very active civilian programme in space research was developed in cooperation with the armed forces that controlled the rockets. By the International Geophysical Year in 1954, space science was a well established field. This book traces the development of rocket-borne research from the early experiments by Goddard in the US and Regener in Germany through the explosive development after the War. The author argues that it was, somewhat surprisingly, not the established researchers who made use of the opportunity to answer long-standing questions, but an entirely new group of scientists who could persevere in the face of technological and bureaucratic hurdles. The military patronage of research that proved so successful in the War was continued for fields of interest to the military, and this altered the direction and character of the research. The tasks involved in building and using apparatus to be flown in rockets required a degree of entrepreneurship not common in science before the War.

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