Governance by green taxes : making pollution prevention pay
著者
書誌事項
Governance by green taxes : making pollution prevention pay
（Issues in environmental politics）
Manchester University Press , Distributed exclusively in the U.S.A. and Canada by St. Martin's Press, c1994
- : hbk
- : pbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Fiscal measures are being used increasingly by governments to secure environmental policy objectives. This book examines how "green taxes" have worked in practice. The author uses his 20 years of environmental policy experience to test the effectiveness of economic instruments. Through a comparative study of the water policies of Denmark, France, Germany and the Netherlands, he shows how, in contrast to administrative regulation, green taxes have made pollution prevention pay and promoted the "ecological modernization" of industry. He goes on, however, to challenge the prevailing orthodoxy on green taxes, arguing that environmental problems are caused by a delicate interplay of "market failures" and "state failures", and that there are significant constraints on the market mechanism. Andersen, returning to the work of Pigou and Coase, the originators of economic instruments, shows how the partial equilibrium theory of contemporary economists has missed essential points of their reasoning. Earmarked taxes present a sophisticated and cost-effective policy instrument, virtually unexplored by economics.
目次
- Part 1 Environmental policy between market failure and state failure: government failure - the theory of state failure, bureaucracy industry complexes, technocratic iatrogensis
- strategies of government intervention - technological remedies, classical pollution control, modern environmental policy, the polluter-pays principle, the second stage of failure
- promoting clean technology through economic instruments
- economic instruments in principle and in practice
- economic instruments - another technical fix?. Part 2 Turning the invisible hand green - the Coase-Pigou controversy revisited: Pigou's externality taxation - welfare economics, the externality concept, taxation of externalities, intervention by public authorities
- Coase and property rights theory - property rights, transaction costs, institutional analysis, implications
- the limits of Coase - the compensation problem, the variations in property rights, the intertemporal externality problem
- the institutional problem reexamined
- the problem of earmarking. Part 3 How to approach the study of environmental policy: the ecological modernisation capacity theory
- a disputable relationship
- the analytical framework
- choice of research design - choice of cases, focus areas of the cases, presentation of case studies, measuring the dependent variable, control for intervening variables. Part 4 Denmark - consensus seeking as best available technology: context of water pollution control policy - environmental background, administrative background, historical background
- the Environmental Protection Act - the delegation principle, the consensus principle, the "polluter-pays principle"
- a first account - public sewage treatment, industrial effluents
- the policy instruments at work - the role of the municipalities, permits, planning and standards, the Environmental Board of Appeal, subsidies
- industry's response - the importance of policy instruments, technological responses. Part 5 France - river basin management: context of water pollution control policy - environmental background, administrative background, ministry of the environment, local authorities, historical background
- Loi de l'Eau - the Water Act - Agences Financieres de Bassin (AFB), the water pollution levies, standards and recipient quality planning
- a first account - public sewage treatment, industry
- the policy instruments at work - the permit and planning system, economic instruments, voluntary branch contracts, river contracts and city contracts, the 5-year plans of the River Basin Agencies, the role of the communes, summary
- technological responses. Part 6 Germany - the sector guideline approach: context of water pollution control - environmental background, administrative background, historical background
- the water pollution control laws - the water household act, the federal waste water levy act
- a first account - public treatment, industry. (Part contents).
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