Psychology : principles and applications
著者
書誌事項
Psychology : principles and applications
Prentice Hall, c1995
5th ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 637-682) and indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Introduction to Psychology.
he Fifth Edition builds on the success of this best-seller with extensive revisions and updated material in every chapter. Throughout the text authors Steve Worchel and Wayne Shebilske cover the latest research findings on basic psychological principles, and bring these to life with plenty of applications to the world around us.
The Fifth Edition retains many features which students have loved from previous editions, but extends and reinforces the learning system in each chapter and incorporates a new global, multicultural perspective throughout. Readers are guided through each chapter with engaging stories about real people which introduce each chapter and are then revisited frequently to reinforce the psychological principles presented in the chapter.
目次
- (NOTE: Review, Key Terms, Psych Journal and Video Case appear at the end of each chapter.) 1. The World of Psychology. What Is Psychology? History and Scope of Psychology. Learning from Textbooks: Reading is Never Enough. Perspectives in Psychology. Women in Psychology: Setting the Record Straight. Subfields of Psychology. Careers in Psychology. Research Methods in Psychology. Looking at the Numbers: Statistical Analysis. 2. Biology and Behavior. History and Scope of Biopsychology. Neurons: Basic Units of the Nervous System. Peripheral Nervous System. Headache, Brains and Behavior. Central Nervous System. Endocrine System. Health Risks of Anabolic Steroid Hormones. Sex Hormones and Cognitive Skills. Genetics. 3. Sensation and Perception. History and Scope of the Study of Sensation and Perception. Exploring the Limits of Our Sensations. Methods for Measuring Psychophysical Functions. Seeing. Perceptual Constancies. Perceptual Organization. Depth Perception. Visual Illusions. Perception and Art. Perception and Culture. Ergonomics, Perception, Health and Industry. Hearing. Other Senses. 4. Alternate States of Consciousness. History and Scope of the Study of Alternate States of Consciousness. Methods for Studying States of Consciousness. Sleep and Dreams. Coping with Jet Lag. Overcoming Insomnia. Daydreams. Drug-Induced States. Hypnosis. Hypnosis and Law Enforcement. Meditation. Sensory Deprivation. Can Meditation Help to Reduce Drug Abuse? Hidden Mental Powers. Near Death Experiences. A Final Comment. 5. Learning. History and Scope of the Study of Learning. Classical Conditioning. Applying Classical Conditioning. Operant Conditioning. Cognitive Learning Theory. Skill Learning and Automated Instruction. Psychological Analyses of Learning and Neural Networks. 6. Memory and Cognition. The History and Scope of the Study of Memory. Measuring Explicit and Implicit Memory Processes. An Information Processing Model with Multiple Memories. Encoding in Short-Term Memory. Encoding in Long-Term Memory. Retention in Long-Term Memory. Retrieval. Clashing Views in Delayed Memories of Childhood Trauma. Levels of Processing. Courtroom Testimony by Psychologists on Eyewitness Reliability. Forgetting. The Neurobiological Basis of Learning and Memory. Improving Your Memory. 7. Language, Thought, and Intelligence. Scope and History. Language. Thought. Problem Solving. Intelligence: Assessment, Controversies, and Theories. Real World of Artificial Intelligence. IQ: Gender and Culture. Creativity: Cultural Differences,Assessment, and Individual Differences. Multiple-Component Theories. 8. Infancy and Childhood. History and Scope of the Study of Human Development. Socioeconomic Reforms, You and Developmental Psychology. Prenatal Development. Birth to 1 Year. Prenatal Environment and Health. Childhood. Working Mothers, Day Care, and Child Development. Childhood Disorders. Child Abuse. 9. Adolescence, Adulthood, and Aging. History and Scope of a Life-Span Approach to Development. Controversies: Moral Reasoning, Cultures, and Gender. Young Adulthood. Middle Adulthood. Gender Roles and Dual-Career Families. Late Adulthood. Habits in Early Years and Health in Later Years. Disease-Free Aging Versus Senile Dementia. Death and Dying. 10. Motivation and Emotion. History and Scope of Motivation. Hunger and Eating. Weight Loss Programs: Are They Effective? Thirst. Sexual Behavior. Stimulus-Seeking Motives. Social Motives. No Safe Haven: Violence Against Women by Partners. Emotion. Getting That Feeling: Theories of Emotion. Nonverbal Communication: Saying It Silently. Culture's Influence on Emotion. Specific Emotions: A Focus on Love. 11. Stress, Health, and Coping. The History and Scope of Health Psychology. Identifying Stress and Its Origins. Moderators of Stress. Negative Reactions to Stress. Coping Effectively with Stress. Women's Health. Optimal Support: Matching Type of Social Support to Type of Stress. Lifestyles and Health. Promoting Healthy Behavior. 12. Personality: Theories, Research, and Assessment. History and Scope of Personality. Structure of Personality: Types and Traits. Theories of Personality: Dynamics and Process. Personal Selection: Choosing the "Right" Person for the Job. Humanistic Theories. Learning Theories. Creating a Culture for Personal Growth: Approaches to Ethnic Diversity in Society. Importance of Optimism. Personality Theories: A Concluding Remark. Personality Assessment. 13. Abnormal Psychology. Abnormal Behavior: History and Scope. Psychology and Diversity: Cross-Cultural Factors in Classifying Mental Disorders. Psychological Disorders. Emotional Disorders. Psychological and the World: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Psychology and You
- Diagnosing Somatization Disorder. Social Disorders. Psychotic Disorders. 14. Therapy. The History and Scope of Therapy. Insight Therapies. Action Therapies. Biofeedback: Using Operant Conditioning to Change Physiological Activity. Psychotherapy in Groups. Biomedical Therapies. Does Therapy Work? Community Psychology. Cultural Sensitivity and Cultural Competence. 15. Interpersonal Relations. Scope and History of Social Psychology. Perceiving and Evaluating Others. Our Beliefs and Attitudes. Culture: The Unseen Hand Guiding Our Perceptions of Self and Others. When Behaving Is Believing. Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Liking: Positive Attitudes about People. Interpersonal Communication: Blend of Culture and Social Factors. Looking Good: Rest of the Story. Helping Behavior. 16. The Individual in Groups. History and Scope of Studying Individuals in Groups. Why Belong to a Group? The Structure of Groups. Conformity: Dancing to the Group's Tune. Leadership. Gender Differences in Group Behavior: Exploding Some Myths. Focus on Power and its Abuse. Group Decision Making. Group Performance. Intergroup Relations, Prejudice, and Discrimination. Building Effective Groups: An Important Challenge.
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