Pollution science
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Bibliographic Information
Pollution science
Academic Press, c1996
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Includes bibliographical references and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
This beautifully illustrated text is designed to serve the integrated, rigorous science-based undergraduate curriculum that is emerging in environmental science. Emphasis is placed on a conceptual understanding of environmental impact by integrating the key scientific disciplines that investigate the sources, fate, transport, mitigation, and toxicology of pollutants. Abiotic and biotic processes in the soil/vadose zone, surface waters, and the atmosphere are all examined in the context of existing pollution and the potential to minimize future pollution. Innovative coverage includes the practical problems of remediation, environmental monitoring and risk assessment and management. The book will also serve as an authoritative reference for advanced students and environmental professionals.
Table of Contents
Part I: Processes Affecting Fate and Transport of Contaminants. J.W. Brendecke and I.L. Pepper, The Extent of Global Pollution: Underlying Causes. The Environment as a Continuum. Pollution and Population Pressures. Science and Pollution. Pollution Science and the Global Future. I.L. Pepper, Abiotic Characteristics of Soil: The Soil. Solid Phase. Gaseous Phase. Liquid Phase. A.D. Matthias and H.L. Bohn, Physical Processes Affecting Atmospheric Pollution: Chemical Composition. Physical Properties and Structure. I.L. Pepper and K.L. Josephson, Biotic Activity in Soil and Water: Major Groups of Organisms. Soil Factors Affecting the Growth and Activity of Soil Microbes. OverallState and Activity of Microbes in Soil. P.J. Wierenga, Physical Processes Affecting Contaminant Fate and Transport in Soil and Water: Water and Soil in Groundwater. Movement of Water in Soil and Groundwater. Movement of Contaminants in Soil and Groundwater. M.L. Brusseau and H.L. Bohn, Chemical Processes Affecting Contaminant Fate and Transport in Soil and Water: Soil Phases. Solubility and Volatility. Sorption (Retention) of Pollutants. Transport of Sorbing Pollutants. EstimatingPhase Distributions of Pollutants. Abiotic Transformation Reactions. R.M. Miller, Biological Processes Affecting Contaminant Fate and Transport: Biological Effects on Pollutants. The Overall Process of Biodegradation. Microbial Activity and Biodegradation. Biodegradation Pathways. Transformation of Metal Pollutants. Part II: Monitoring and Remediation of Environmental Pollution. A.W. Warrick, S.A. Musil, and J.F. Artiola, Statistics in Pollution Science: Statistical Concepts.Descriptive Measures. Estimates of Sample Numbers. Regression Analysis. J.F. Artiola, M.L. Brusseau, A.D. Matthias, and S.A. Musil, Environmental Monitoring in Pollution Science: Environmental Monitoring. Sampling and Sampling Plans. SamplingPatterns. Sampling the Soil Environment. Sampling the Water Environment. Monitoring Air Pollution. Accuracy, Precision, and Errors in Environmental Measurements. J.F. Artiola, Waste Disposal: Waste Disposal in Perspective. Landfills. Wastewater Treatment. Landfarming. Deep-Well Injection of Liquid Wastes. Incineration and Immobilization. Point-Source Discharges into Open Water. Special Wastes and Pactices for Their Disposal. M.L. Brusseau and R.M. Miller, Remediation: Basic Concepts. Containment. Removal. In situ Treatment. Part III: Sources, Extent, and Characteristics of Pollution. A.D. Matthias, Atmospheric Pollution: Air Pollution Concepts. Sources of Air Pollution. Pollution Trends in the United States. Weather and Pollutants. Major Air Pollution Issues. D.J. Baumgartner, Surface Water Pollution: Surface Freshwater Resources. Marine Water Resources. Sources of Surface Water Pollution. Quantification of Surface Water Pollution. Determining BOD. Dilution of Effluents. Dye Tracing of Plumes. Spatial and Temporal Variation of Plume Concentrations. Compliance Monitoring. T.L. Thompson, Agricultural Fertilizers as a Source of Pollution: Soil as a Source of Plant Nutrition. Nitrogen asa Source of Pollution. Phosphorus as a Source of Pollution. D.F. Post, Sediments (Soil Erosion) as a Source of Pollution: Sediment Pollution. Extent of Sediments Causing Pollution. Predicting Sediment Losses. Practices to Control Erosion. R.J. Freitas and M.D. Burr, Animal Wastes: Historical Perspective. Nonpoint versus Point Source Pollution. Specific Pollutants. Air Quality. Fate of Pollutants. Monitoring and Detection of Pollutants. Prevention and Mitigation. Waste System Elements. Land Application and Disposal. Microbiology of Animal Wastes Degradation. J.E. Watson, Pesticides as a Source of Pollution: Societal Views of Pesticides. Classes of Pesticides. Extent of Pesticide Use. Fate of Pesticides. Mitigation of Pesticide Pollution. J.F. Artiola, Industrial Sources of Pollution: Industrial Wastes. Major Forms of Industrial Wastes. Treatment and Disposal of Industrial Wastes. Treatment and Reuse of Industrial Wastes. C.P. Gerba, Pathogens in theEnvironment: Water-Related Microbial Disease. Classes of Diseases and Types of Pathogens. Types of Pathogenic Organisms. Sources of Pathogens in the Environment. Fate and Transport of Pathogens in the Environment. C.P. Gerba, Municipal Wasteand Drinking Water Treatment: Water and Civilization. The Nature of Wastewater (Sewage). Wastewater (Sewage) Treatment. Solid Waste. Drinking Water Treatment. Part IV: Risk Assessment and Risk Management. C.P. Gerba, Principles of Toxicology: History of Modern Toxicology in the United States. Toxic versus Nontoxic. Exposure and Dose. Evaluation of Toxicity. Responses to Toxic Substances. Carcinogens, Mutagens, and Teratogens. Chemical Toxicity: General Considerations. Chemical Toxicity: Selected Substances. C.P. Gerba, Risk Assessment: The Concept of Risk Assessment. The Process of Risk Assessment. Ecological Risk Assessment. Microbial Risk Assessment. C.P. Gerba, Federal Environmental Regulations and Laws in theUnited States: A Regulatory Overview. The Safe Drinking Water Act. The Clean Water Act. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. Federal Insecticide and Rodenticide Act. Clean Air Act. The Pollution Prevention Act. I.L.Pepper, C.P. Gerba, and M.L. Brusseau, Pollution in the Twenty-First Century: Measurement of Environmental Quality: How Clean Is Clean? The Role of Government: Who Is Responsible? Trends in Environmental Regulations/Activities: What's Being Done? Planning for the Twenty-First Century: What's Next? Recommended Reading and Problems and Questions follow each chapter. Subject Index.
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