The Cambridge encyclopedia of language

著者

書誌事項

The Cambridge encyclopedia of language

David Crystal

Cambridge University Press, 1997

2nd ed

  • : hbk
  • : pbk

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注記

Bibliography: p. 455-458

Includes indexes

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This second edition of The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language presents a mass of new information and introduces the subject of language to a fresh generation of students and general readers. The first edition of the book is probably the most successful general study of language ever published. This second edition extends the range of coverage to include advances in areas like machine translation, speech interaction with machines, and language teaching. There is new material on acoustics, physiological concepts of language, and World English, and a complete update of the language distribution maps, language-speaking statistics, a table of the world's languages, and further reading. All geopolitical material has been revised to take account of boundary changes. The book has been redesigned and is presented for the first time in full colour, with new pictures and maps added.

目次

  • Part I. Popular Ideas about Language: 1. The prescriptive tradition
  • 2. The equality of languages
  • 3. The magic of language
  • 4. The functions of language
  • 5. Language and thought
  • Part II. Language and Identity: 6. Physical identity
  • 7. Psychological identity
  • 8. Geographical identity
  • 9. Ethnic and national identity
  • 10. Social identity
  • 11. Contextual identity
  • 12. Stylistic identity and literature
  • Part III. The Structure of Language: 13. Linguistic levels
  • 14. Typology and universals
  • 15. The statistical structure of language
  • 16. Grammar
  • 17. Semantics
  • 18. Dictionaries
  • 19. Names
  • 20. Discourses and text
  • 21. Pragmatics
  • Part IV. The Medium of Language: Speaking and Listening: 22. The anatomy and physiology of speech
  • 23. The acoustics of speech
  • 24. The instrumental
  • 25. Speech reception
  • 26. Speech interaction with machines
  • 27. The sounds of speech
  • 28. The linguistic use of sound
  • 29. Suprasegmentals
  • 30. Sound symbolism
  • Part V. The Medium of Language: Writing and Reading: 31. Written and spoken language
  • 32. Graphic expression
  • 33. Graphology
  • 34. The process of reading and writing
  • Part VI. The Medium of Language: Signing and Seeing: 35. Sign language
  • 36. Sign language structure
  • 37. Types of sign language
  • Part VII. Child Language Acquisition: 38. Investigating children's language
  • 39. The first year
  • 40. Phonological development
  • 41. Grammatical development
  • 42. Semantic development
  • 43. Pragmatic development
  • 44. Language development in school
  • Part VIII. Language, Brain and Handicap: 45. Language and the brain
  • 46. Language handicap
  • Part IX. The Languages of the World: 47. How many languages?
  • 48. How many speakers?
  • 49. The origins of language
  • 50. Families of languages
  • 51. The Indo-European family
  • 52. Other families
  • 53. Language isolates
  • 54. Language change
  • 55. Pidgins and creoles
  • Part X. Language in the World: 56. The language barrier
  • 57. Translating and interpreting
  • 58. Artificial languages
  • 59. World languages
  • 60. Multilingualism
  • 61. Language planning
  • 62. Foreign language learning and teaching
  • 63. Language for special purposes
  • Part XI. Language and Communication: 64. Language and other communication systems
  • 65. Linguistics
  • Appendices.

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