Sensation and perception
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書誌事項
Sensation and perception
Allyn and Bacon, c1997
4th ed
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注記
Bibliography: p. 487-532
Includes indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Sensation and Perception, Fourth Edition sets the standard in bringing technical scientific information to a wide range of students with outstanding readability and thorough coverage. Retaining its traditionally clear and accessible writing style, this new edition boasts a thoroughly revised art program and over 1,300 new references. The motion chapter now focuses solely on visual motion perception, so it appears earlier in the text. In addition, the book includes thirteen In-Depth sections, each of which explore a current "hot" research topic to provide a sense of how researchers ask questions with subjects varying from the role of face recognition in eyewitness testimony to phantom limb perception. Above all, this text is written by two professors who have received national awards for their teaching. It features strong pedagogy, abundant student-friendly examples, and an engaging conversational style.
目次
1. Introduction.
Preview of the Book.
Overview of Theoretical Approaches to Sensation and Perception.
The Empiricist Approach The Gestalt Approach The Behaviorist Approach The Gibsonian Approach The Information- Processing Approach The Computational Approach.
Themes of the Book.
How to Use This Book.
2. Research Methods.
Measuring Responses To Low-Intensity Stimuli.
Classical Psychophysical Measurement of Detection Signal Detection Theory In-Depth: Signal Detection Theory Applied to Face Recognition Two-Alternative Forced Choice Procedure.
Measuring Responses to More Intense Stimuli.
Classical Psychophysical Measurement of Discrimination Relationship Between Physical Stimuli and Psychological Reactions.
3. The Visual System.
Visual Stimulus.
Structure and Function of the Eye.
Cornea, Sclera, and Anterior Chamber Pupil and Iris Lens Retina Posterior Chamber.
Structure and Function of the Retina.
Photoreceptors Vertical Connections: Bipolar and Ganglion Cells Lateral Connections: Horizontal and Amacrine Cells.
Pathways from the Retina to the Visual Cortex.
Retinal Origins of Two Parallel Visual Pathways Initial Stages of the Visual Pathways Visual Cortex In-Depth: Beyond the Primary Visual Cortex Concluding Remarks about the Visual System.
4. Basic Visual Functions.
Prerequisites for Normal Vision.
Edges are Important Change is Important Higher-Level Processes Are Important Experience is Important.
Perceiving Light Energy.
Lightness Perception In-Depth: Lightness Constancy.
Acuity.
Measuring Acuity Factors Affecting Acuity.
Eye Movements.
Version Movements Vergence Movements.
5. Visual Pattern Perception.
Approaches to Shape and Pattern Perception.
Spatial Frequency Analysis Approach Gestalt Approach In-Depth: Modern Gestalt Research Computational Approach Feature-Integration Approach Prototype-Matching Approach.
Influence of Context on Shape and Pattern Perception.
Perceiving Objects in the Context of Scenes Perceiving Letters in the Context of Words Illusory Contours Distortions of Shape Due to Context.
Selected Topics in Shape and Pattern Perception.
The Role of Time in Shape Perception Effects of Stimulus Orientation Ambiguous Figures Shape Constancy.
6. Distance and Size Perception.
Distance Perception.
Monocular Cues to Distance Perception Representing Three-Dimensional Space in Two Dimensions In-Depth: Binocular Cues to Distance Perception Theories of Distance Perception Perceiving a Three-Dimensional World.
Size Perception.
Factors Influencing Size Perception Size Constancy.
Illusions of Distance and Size.
Illusions Involving Line Length or Distance Explanations for Line-Length and Distance Illusions Illusions Involving Area.
7. Color.
Nature of Color.
Color Mixing.
Subtractive Mixtures Additive Mixtures.
Color Vision Theory.
Trichromatic Theory and the Photoreceptors Opponent-Process Theory and Mechanisms Beyond the Photoreceptors In-Depth: Color Coding Beyond the Photoreceptors Achromatopsia and the Color Center.
Color Vision Deficiencies.
Kinds of Color Deficiencies Diagnosing Color Deficiencies.
Color Phenomena.
Simultaneous Color Contrast Successive Color Contrast Color Constancy Subjective Colors Purkinje Shift Color Stereopsis Memory Color Categorization of Colors.
8. Motion.
Visual Perception of Real Movement.
Threshold for Motion Perception In-Depth: Perception of Biological Motion Movement of the Observer.
Illusory Movement.
Stroboscopic Movement Autokinesis Induced Movement Movement Aftereffects.
Physiological Basis of Motion Perception.
Theoretical Explanations for Motion Perception.
Corollary Discharge Theory Direct Perception Approach Computational Approach.
9. The Auditory System.
Auditory Stimulus.
Frequency Amplitude Phase Angle.
Auditory System.
Outer Ear Middle Ear Inner Ear In-Depth: Inner and Outer Hair Cells Higher Levels of Auditory Processing.
Hearing Impairments.
10. Basic Auditory Functions.
Pitch Perception and Related Phenomena.
Background: Early Theories of Pitch Perception Developments in Place Theory Developments in Frequency Theory Conclusions About Registration of Frequency Relationship Between Frequency and Pitch Measuring Pitch.
Loudness Perception.
Registration of Amplitude Relationship Between Amplitude and Loudness Intensity Discrimination Measuring Loudness.
Auditory Localization.
Sources of Information for Sound Localization Resolving Ambiguities in Sound Localization Measuring Localization Accuracy Physiological Basis of Auditory Localization In-Depth: Non-Human Localizing Abilities Visual Effects on Auditory Localization.
Perception of Simultaneous Sounds.
Perception of Tone Combinations Masking Noise.
11. Auditory Pattern Perception.
Perception of Complex Auditory Patterns.
Analyzing Simultaneous Complex Sounds Gestalt Principles Cognitive Principles.
Music Perception.
Perceptual Qualities and Music Pattern and Organization in Music Constancy in Music Illusions in Music.
Speech Perception.
The Speech Stimulus Theories of Speech Perception Top-Down Processing in Speech Perception In-Depth: Interactions Between Auditory and Visual Stimuli.
12. The Skin Senses.
The Skin.
Theories About the Skin Senses From the Skin to the Brain.
Temperature.
Body Temperature Regulation Warm and Cold Spots Thresholds for Temperature Adaptation to Temperature.
Pain.
Mechanisms of Pain Perception In-Depth: Phantom Limb Pain Measurement of Pain Adaptation to Pain Pain Control.
Touch.
Sensory Aspects of Touch Passive Touch Active Touch Relative Dominance of Touch and Vision Applications of Active Touch.
Vestibular and Kinesthetic Senses.
Vestibular Sense Kinesthetic Sense.
13. The Chemical Senses: Smell and Taste.
Smell.
Sensory Aspects of Smell Olfactory Processes Adaptation Recognition of Odors Behavioral Influences of Odors Deficits in Olfaction.
Taste.
Sensory Aspects of Taste Taste Processes In-Depth: Interaction of Taste with Smell and Other Senses.
14. Perceptual Development.
Studying Perceptual Development in Infancy.
Vision in Infancy.
Visual Abilities Acuity Eye Movements Shape Perception Distance Perception Motion Perception Color Perception.
Hearing in Infancy.
Auditory Abilities Music Perception Speech Perception In-Depth: Coordinating Vision and Audition.
Vision and Hearing in Late Adulthood and Old Age.
Vision in Late Adulthood and Old Age Hearing in Late Adulthood and Old Age.
Glossary.
References.
Author Index.
Subject Index.
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