Introduction to philosophy : classical and contemporary readings
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書誌事項
Introduction to philosophy : classical and contemporary readings
Oxford University Press, 1999
3rd ed
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内容説明・目次
内容説明
This is the third edition of Perry and Bratman's highly successful anthology intended for the introduction to philosophy course. It is the most comprehensive topically organized anthology of classical and contemporary philosophy available. The collection is perceived as one of the more serious and challenging introductions available. It includes sections on the meaning of life, God and evil, epistemology, philosohy of science, the mind/body problem, freedom of will, consciousness, ethics, and philosophical puzzles. The third edition includes the following new selections: Plato: Apology; Nelson Pike: Hume on Evil; J.L. Mackie: Evil and Omnipotence; Elizabeth Anderson: Knowledge, Human Interests, and Objectivity in Feminist Epistemology; David Lewis: Mad Pan and Martian Pain; Hilary Putnam: Turning Machines; Frank Jackson: What Mary Didn't Know; David Lewis: Knowing What It's Like; John Perry: Dialogue Concerning Personal Identiy and Immortality; Peter Strawson: Freedom and Resentment; Rosalind Hursthouse: Virtue Theory and Abortion; G.A.
Cohen: Where the Action Is - On the Site of Distributive Justice; Samuel Scheffler: Responsibility, Reactive Attitudes and Liberalism; Debra Satz: Markets in Women's Reproductive Labor; Kwame Anthony Appiah: Racisms; Kavka's Toxin Puzzle; Quinn's Puzzle of the Self-Torturer.
目次
- New Preface
- Second Preface
- First Preface
- INTRODUCTION: ON THE STUDY OF PHILOSOPHY
- PART I: PHILOSOPHY AND THE MEANING OF LIFE
- Bertrand Russell: The Value of Philosophy
- J.J. C. Smart: The Providence of Philosophy
- Thomas Nagel: The Absurd
- Plato: Apology
- PART II: GOD AND EVIL
- Introduction
- A. Why Believe?
- Saint Anselm: The Ontological Argument
- Saint Thomas Aquinas: The Existence of God
- Blase Pascal: The Wager
- Bertrand Russell: Why I Am Not a Theist
- B. The Problem of Evil
- David Hume: Dialogues
- Gotfried Leibniz: God, Evil, and the Best of All Possible Worlds
- Nelson Pike: Hume on Evil
- J.L. Mackie: Evil and Omnipotence
- PART III: KNOWLEDGE AND REALITY
- Introduction
- A. Classics of Epistemology
- Rene Descartes: Meditations on First Philosophy
- John Locke: Some Further Considerations Concerning Our Simple Ideas of Sensation
- George Berkeley: Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous
- David Hume: Of Skepticism with Regard to the Senses
- David Hume: An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
- B. Perception
- A.J. Ayer: The Argument from Illusion
- J.L. Austin: The Argument from Illusion
- C. Induction, Causation, and Scientific Explanation
- W.C. Salmon: The Problem of Induction
- G.E.M. Anscombe: Causality and Determination
- Carl G. Hempel: Laws and Their Role in Scientific Explanation
- Paul Feyerabend: How to Defen Society Against Science
- Elizabeth Anderson: Knowledge, Human Interests, and Objectivity in Feminist Epistemology
- PART IV: MINDS, BODIES, AND PERSONS
- Introduction
- A. The Traditonal Problem of Mind and Body
- Bertrand Russell: The Argumetn from Analogy for Other Minds
- Gilbert Ryle: Descartes' Myth
- David Armstrong: The Nature of Mind
- David Lewis: Mad Pain and Martian Pain
- Paul Churchland: Eliminative Materialism
- B. Minds, Brains, and Machines
- Hilary Putnam: Turing Machines
- Alan Turing: Computing Machinery and Intelligence
- John Searle: Minds, Brains, and Programs
- C. Consciousness
- Thomas Nagel: What is it Like to be a Bat?
- Frank Jackson: What Mary Didn't Know
- David Lewis: Knowing What It's Like
- D. Personal Identity and Immortality
- John Perry: Dialogue Concerning Personal Identity and Immortality
- E. Freedom, Determinism, and Responsibility
- C.A. Campbell: Has the Self 'Free Will'?
- David Hume: Of Liberty and Necessity
- Richard Taylor: Freedom and Determinism
- Harry Frankfurt: Freedom of Will and the Concept of Person
- Peter Strawson: Freedom and Resentment
- PART V: ETHICS AND SOCIETY
- Introduction
- A. Utilitarianism
- Jeremy Bentham: Principle of Utility
- John Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism
- E.F. Caritt: Criticisms of Utilitarianism
- Bernard Williams: Utilitariansim and Integrity
- Pete Singer: Famine, Affluence, and Morality
- B. Kantian Ethics
- Immanuel Kent: Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
- Onora O'Neill: Kantian Approaches to Some Famine Problems
- Thomas Nagel: War and Massacre
- C. Aristotelian Ethics
- Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics
- Thomas Nagel: Aristotle on Eudaimonia
- Rosalind Hutchinson: Virtue Theory and Abortion
- D. Justice and Equality
- John Rawls: A Theory of Justice
- Robert Nozick: Justice and Entitlement
- G.A. Cohen: Where the Action is: On the Side of Distributive Justice
- Samuel Scheffler: Responsibility, Reactive Attitudes and Liberalism
- John Stuart Mill: The Subject of WOmen
- Debra Satz: Markets in Women's Reproductive Labor
- Kwame Anthony Appiah: Racisms
- E. Challenger to Morality
- 1. Morality and Self-Interest
- Plato: The Republic
- David Hume
- Enquiry Concerning Principles of Morals
- David Gauthier: Morality and Advantage
- J.L. Mackie: The Law of the Jungle: Moral Alternatives and the Principles of Evolution
- 2. Subjectivism: Relativism, and Skepticism
- J.L. Mackie: The Subjectivity of Values
- Gilbert Harman: Ethics and Observation
- Nicholas L. Sturgeon: Moral Explanations
- PART VI: PUZZLES AND PARADOXES
- A. Zeno's Paradox
- Achilles and the Tortoise
- The Racehorse
- The Argument Against Plurality
- B. Puzzles and Paradoxes from Metaphysics and Epistemology
- The Paradox of Identity
- The Paradox of the Heap
- The Surprise Examination
- Goodman's New Riddle of Induction
- C. Problems of Rational Decision
- The Prisoner's Dilemna
- Newcomb's Problem
- Kavka's Toxin Puzzle
- Quinn's Puzzle of the Self-Torturer
- D. Paradoxes of Logic, Set Theory, and Semantics
- The Paradox of the Liar
- Other Versions of the Liar
- Russell's Paradox
- Grelling's Paradox
- Glossary of Philosophical Terms
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