Non-aqueous solvents

著者

書誌事項

Non-aqueous solvents

John R. Chipperfield

（Oxford chemistry primers, 69）（Oxford science publications）

Oxford University Press, 1999

  • : pbk

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. [83]) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Solvents other than water are used in chemical analysis, chemical manufacturing, and in specialist syntheses. This book covers the principles and uses of non-aqueous solvents at a level suitable for first or second-year undergraduates. The book first discusses the general properties of solvents, and introduces the necessary concepts for making rational choices of solvents for different applications. There is a discussion of the various chemical interactions between solvents and the substances dissolved in them, and how solvents change the course of reactions. The chemistry of 16 common solvents is discussed, emphasising the advantages and disadvantages of each. The book concludes with an account of the chemistry of molten salts and discusses the use of low melting temperature compounds as synthetic media. The book expands on the brief treatment of non-aqueous solvents given in many textbooks, but avoids the complexities introduced in research treatises. There is no such book currently available to help students.

目次

  • Chapter 1: General properties
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Polarity, Polarization, and Polarizability
  • 1.3 Assessment of solvent polarity
  • 1.4 Polarity assessment from physical properties
  • 1.5 Polarity assessment from chemical properties
  • 1.6 Correlation of Solute properties with solvent
  • 1.7 Classification of molecular solvents
  • 1.8 Problems
  • Chapter 2: Chemistry in non-aqueous solvents
  • Introduction
  • 2.1 Acid-base reactions
  • 2.2 Redox reactions
  • 2.3 Solvation, solvolysis, solubility, and solvates
  • 2.4 Problems
  • Chapter 3: Some molecular solvents
  • 3.1 Acetic acid
  • 3.2 Acetonitrile
  • 3.3 Ammonia metals in liquid ammonia
  • reactions of ammoniated electrons
  • electrides and alkalides
  • acid-base reactions in liquid ammonia
  • 3.4 Bromine trifluoride
  • 3.5 N, N'-Dimethylformamide
  • 3.6 Dimethyl sulfoxide
  • 3.7 Dinitrogen tetroxide
  • 3.8 Ethanol
  • 3.9 Ethylenediamine
  • 3.10 Hexamethyphosphoramide
  • 3.11 Hydrogen fluoride
  • 3.12 Sulfur dioxide
  • 3.13 Sulfuric acid
  • 3.14 Superacides
  • 3.15 Tetrahydrofuran
  • 3.16 Supercritical fluids
  • 3.17 Problems
  • Chapter 4: Molten framework solids
  • 4.1 Molten salts and oxides
  • 4.2 Molten halides
  • 4.3 Metals in molten salts
  • 4.4 Low melting salts
  • 4.5 Group 1 metal nitrate melts
  • 4.6 Hydroxide melts as solvents
  • 4.7 Oxides as solvents
  • Glossary
  • Table of molecular solvents
  • Bibliography
  • Answers to problems

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