Groundwater resources : investigation and development
著者
書誌事項
Groundwater resources : investigation and development
（Water pollution）
Academic Press, 1981
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注記
Includes bibliographies and index
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内容説明・目次
内容説明
Groundwater Resources: Investigation and Development is a 13-chapter text that presents in a logical structure the various useful techniques for groundwater investigations. The introductory chapters deal with the general concepts of hydrology, types of aquifers and groundwater environments, and geographic and geologic topographic maps. These topics are followed by considerable chapters on groundwater investigation techniques, including geophysical and geochemical methods, drilling and isotope techniques, exploration, and pumping tests. The advantages and limitations of these techniques are examined. The discussion then shifts to interpretation and utilization of water level measurements and spring flow. The concluding chapters are devoted to determining the three boundaries enclosing the groundwater systems, namely, the fixed, movable, and arbitrary boundaries. These chapters also look into the principles of groundwater balances and groundwater reserves.
目次
Preface Chapter 1 Overview of Terms and Concepts 1.1 Groundwater as Part of the Hydrologic Cycle 1.2 Geologic Classification of Rocks 1.3 Hydrologic Concepts 1.4 Phases of Groundwater Development Further Readings Chapter 2 Aquifer Types and Groundwater Environments 2.1 Alluvial Aquifers 2.2 Glacial Terrains 2.3 Sandstone-Shale Aquifers 2.4 Carbonate Rocks 2.5 Volcanic Terrains 2.6 Crystalline Rocks 2.7 Coastal Aquifers 2.8 Arid Regions Further Readings Chapter 3 Maps and Sections 3.1 Maps and Aerial Photographs 3.2 Geologic Cross Sections and Subsurface Maps Further Readings Chapter 4 Geophysical Methods 4.1 Geophysical Methods in Groundwater Investigations 4.2 Electrical Resistivity Methods 4.3 Electromagnetic Methods 4.4 Magnetometric Methods 4.5 Gravimetric Methods 4.6 Seismic Methods 4.7 Remote Sensing Techniques 4.8 Well-Logging Techniques Further Readings Chapter 5 Drilling for Exploration and Water Supply 5.1 Drilling Techniques 5.2 The Selection of Well Sites 5.3 Design Criteria for Production Boreholes 5.4 Design Criteria for Observation Boreholes 5.5 Sample Collection during Drilling 5.6 The Borehole Section (Well Log) 5.7 Organization and Supervision of a Drilling Campaign Further Readings Chapter 6 Pumping Tests 6.1 Confined Aquifer Tests 6.2 Phreatic Aquifer Tests 6.3 Steady-State Formulas 6.4 Partially Penetrating Wells 6.5 Vertical Anisotropy 6.6 Effects of Aquifers with Boundaries 6.7 Leaky Aquifers 6.8 Step Drawdown Tests for the Determination of Well Losses 6.9 Single Well Drawdown Test 6.10 Single Well Recovery Test 6.11 Single Well Bailer and Slug Tests 6.12 Technical Procedures 6.13 Interpretation of Irregular Test Graphs 6.14 Mapping of Aquifer Constants Further Readings Chapter 7 Water Level Measurements, Hydrographs, and Water Level Maps 7.1 Accuracy of Water Level Measurements 7.2 Water Level Hydrographs 7.3 Water Level Maps Further Readings Chapter 8 Interpretation and Utilization of Spring Flow 8.1 Depletion Curve Analysis 8.2 The Utilization of Spring Flow Further Readings Chapter 9 Geochemical Methods 9.1 Chemical Analyses 9.2 Chemical Fieldwork 9.3 Groundwater Constituents 9.4 Chemical Processes Occurring in Groundwater 9.5 The Interpretation of Chemical Data 9.6 Quality Criteria for Groundwater Supplies Further Readings Chapter 10 Environmental Isotope Techniques 10.1 Hydrologically Important Properties of Isotopes 10.2 Stable Isotopes of Hydrogen and Oxygen 10.3 Tritium 10.4 Carbon 14 10.5 Sulfur 34 10.6 The Uranium Ratio 234U/238U 10.7 Sampling for Isotope Investigations Further Readings Chapter 11 Delineation of Groundwater Systems Further Readings Chapter 12 Groundwater Balances 12.1 Global Formulas 12.2 Geohydrologic Methods 12.3 Hydrometeorological Methods 12.4 The Salt Balance Method 12.5 Other Water Balance Methods Further Readings Chapter 13 Criteria for the Regional Exploitation of Groundwater 13.1 Groundwater Abstraction and Groundwater Reserves 13.2 Exploitation on a Sustained Basis 13.3 Exploitation of Groundwater Reserves Further Readings Chapter 14 Groundwater Observation Networks Further Readings Chapter 15 The Methodology of Groundwater Investigations 15.1 Organizational Aspects 15.2 Remarks concerning the Logical Structure of Groundwater Investigations 15.3 A Flow Chart for Groundwater Investigations Further Readings Appendix Units of Measurement and Conversion Factors Index
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