CiNii 図書 - Teaching by principles : an interactive approach to language pedagogy

Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy by H. Douglas Brown is a widely acclaimed methodology text used in teacher education programs around the world. This user-friendly textbook offers a comprehensive survey of practical language teaching options, all firmly anchored in accepted principles of language learning and teaching. End-of-chapter exercises give readers opportunities to process material interactively. Suggested readings direct readers to important books and articles in the field. This second edition of Teaching by Principles features information about such current topics as strategies-based instruction, form-focused instruction, and critical pedagogy and social responsibility; a completely revised section on language assessment; and expanded references.

Preface PART I. FOUNDATIONS FOR CLASSROOM PRACTICE Chapter 1 Getting Started A Classroom Observation Beneath the Lesson Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 2 A "Methodical" History of Language Teaching Approach, Method, and Technique Changing Winds and Shifting Sands The Grammar Translation Method Gouin and the Series Method The Direct Method The Audiolingual Method Cognitive Code Learning "Designer" Methods of the Spirited Seventies Community Language Learning Suggestopedia The Silent Way Total Physical Response The Natural Approach Beyond Method: Notional-Functional Syllabuses Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 3 The Present: An Informed "Approach" An Enlightened, Eclectic Approach Communicative Language Teaching Learner-Centered Instruction Cooperative and Collaborative Learning Interactive Learning Whole Language Education Content-Based Instruction Task-Based Instruction Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 4 Teaching by Principles Cognitive Principles Automaticity Meaningful Learning The Anticipation of Reward Intrinsic Motivation Strategic Investment Affective Principles Language Ego Self-Confidence Risk-Taking The Language-Culture Connection Linguistic Principles The Native Language Effect Interlanguage Communicative Competence Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 5 Intrinsic Motivation in the Classroom Defining Motivation A Behavioristic Definition Cognitive Definitions Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Intrinsic Motivation in Education Intrinsic Motivation in the Second Language Classroom Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART II. CONTEXTS OF TEACHING Chapter 6 Learner Variables I: Teaching Across Age Levels Teaching Children Intellectual Development Attention Span Sensory Input Affective Factors Authentic, Meaningful Language Teaching Adults Teaching Teens Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 7 Learner Variables II: Teaching Across Proficiency Levels Defining Proficiency Levels Teaching Beginning Levels Teaching Intermediate Levels Teaching Advanced Levels Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 8 Sociopolitical and Institutional Contexts Sociopolitical Contexts Second and Foreign Language Contexts English as an International Language Language Policy Issues Institutional Contexts Elementary and Secondary Schools Institutions of Higher Education Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART III. DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING CLASSROOM LESSONS Chapter 9 Techniques, Textbooks, and Technology Techniques Redefined Categorizing Techniques: A Bit of History A Taxonomy of Techniques Textbooks Other Written Texts Technology in the Language Classroom Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 10 How to Plan a Lesson Format of a Lesson Plan Guidelines for Lesson Planning Sample Lesson Plan Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 11 Interactive Language Teaching I: Initiating Interaction What Is Interaction? Interactive Principles Roles of the Interactive Teacher Foreign Language Interaction Analysis Questioning Strategies for Interactive Learning Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 12 Interactive Language Teaching II: Sustaining Interaction through Group Work Advantages of Group Work Excuses for Avoiding Group Work Implementing Group Work in Your Classroom Selecting Appropriate Group Techniques Planning Group Work Monitoring the Task Debriefing Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 13 Classroom Management The Physical Environment of the Classroom Your Voice and Body Language Unplanned Teaching: Midstream Lesson Changes Teaching Under Averse Circumstances Teachers' Roles and Styles Creating a Positive Classroom Climate Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 14 Strategies-Based Instruction Strategic Investment Good Language Learners Styles of Successful Language Learning Developing Student Self0awareness of Styles How to Teach Strategies in the Classroom "Packaged" Models of SBI Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART IV. TEACHING LANGUAGE SKILLS Chapter 15 Integrating the "Four Skills" Why Integration? Content-Based Instruction Theme-Based Instruction Experiential Learning The Episode Hypothesis Task-Based Teaching Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 16 Teaching Listening Listening Comprehension in Pedagogical Research An Interactive Model of Listening Comprehension Types of Spoken Language What Makes Listening Difficult? Microskills of Listening Comprehension Types of Classroom Listening Performance Principles for Designing Listening Techniques Listening Techniques from the Beginning to Advanced Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 17 Teaching Speaking Oral Communication Skills in Pedagogical Research Types of Spoken Language What Makes Speaking Difficult? Microskills of Oral Communication Types of Classroom Speaking Performance Principles for Designing Speaking Techniques Teaching Conversation Teaching Pronunciation A Model for Correction of Speech Errors Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 18 Teaching Reading Research on Reading a Second Language Types of Written Language Characteristics of Written Language Microskills for Reading Comprehension Strategies for Reading Comprehension Types of Classroom Reading Performance Principles of Designing Interactive Reading Techniques Two Reading Lessons Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 19 Teaching Writing Research on Second Language Writing Types of Written Language Characteristics of Written Language: A Writer's View Microskills for Writing Types of Classroom Writing Performance Principles for Designing Writing Techniques Evaluating Student Writing Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 20 Form-Focused Instruction The Place of Grammar To Teach or Not to Teach Grammar Issues About How to Teach Grammar Grammar Techniques Grammar Sequencing in Textbooks and Curricula A "Word" About Vocabulary Teaching Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART V. ASSESSING LANGUAGE SKILLS Chapter 21 Language Assessment I: Basic Concepts in Test Development What Is a Test? Practicality Reliability Validity Content Validity Face Validity Construct Validity Kinds of Tests Historical Developments in Language Testing Large-Scale Language Proficiency Testing Oral Proficiency Testing Critical Language Testing: Ethical Issues Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 22 Language Assessment II: Practical Classroom Applications Assessing, Testing, and Teaching Recent Developments in Language Testing Principles for Designing Effective Classroom Tests Some Practical Steps to Test Construction Alternative Assessment Options Self- and Peer-Assessments Journals Conferences Portfolios Cooperative Test Construction Assessment and Teaching: partners in the Learning Process Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART VI. LIFELONG LEARNING Chapter 23 Continuing Your Teacher Education Peak Performance The "Good" Language Teacher Classroom Observation Classroom Research Teacher Collaboration: Learning from Each Other Critical Pedagogy Agents for Change Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Bibliography Name Index Subject Index

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Teaching by principles : an interactive approach to language pedagogy

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