Plant ecology, herbivory, and human impact in Nordic mountain birch forests
著者
書誌事項
Plant ecology, herbivory, and human impact in Nordic mountain birch forests
（Ecological studies : analysis and synthesis, v. 180）
Springer, c2005
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This work analyzes vegetation and soils, and investigates the influence of climate change, insect pests, grazing pressure by sheep and reindeer, construction of roads and other consequences of increasing tourism in the Nordic mountain birch forests.
目次
SECTION I : HISTORY, ENVIRONMENT AND PLANT SCIENCE
1. History and environment of the Nordic mountain birch. FE Wielgolaski
2. Soils and nutrients in northern birch forests: A case study from Finnmarksvidda, northern Norway. K-D Meier, D Thannheiser, J Wehberg, V Eisenmann
3. Vegetation of the mountain birch forest in northern Fennoscandia. J Wehherg, D Thannheiser, K-D Meier
4. Biomass and production on a landscape level in the northern mountain birch forests. H Tommervik, FE Wielgolaski, S Neuvonen, B Solberg, KA Hogda
5. Mountain birch growth in relation to climate and herbivores. PS Karlsson, M Weih, C Borg
6. Responses of temperature changes on survival and growth in mountain birch populations. O Skre, J Nilsen, M Naess, B Igeland, K Taulavuori, E Taulavuori, K. Laine
7. Phenology and performance of mountain birch provenances in transplant gardens: latitudinal, attitudinal and oceanity-continentaIity gradients. J Ovaska, J Nilsen, FE Wielgolaski, H Kauhanen, R Partanen, S Neuvonen, L Kapari, O Skre, K Laine
8. A dynamic forest in a changing environment. (SYNTHESIS SECTION 1) PS Karlsson, FE Wielgolaski
SECTION 2: HERBIVORY
9. Forest defoliation risks in birch forests by insects under different climate and land use scenarios in northern Europe. S Neuvonen, H Bylund, H Tommervik
10. Birch sapling responses to severity and timing of domestic herbivore browsing - implications for management. AJ Hester, K Lempa, S Neuvonen, K Hogh, J Feilberg, S Arnthorsdottir, G Iason
11. Effects of reindeer grazing on pastures in a mountain birch ecosystem. K Lempa, S Neuvonen, H Tommervik
12. Long-term influence of herbivores on northern birch forests. O Tenow. H Bylund, AC Nilsen, PS Karlsson
13. Herbivory in northern birch forests. (SYNTHESIS SECTION 2) S Neuvonen, FE Wielgolaski
SECTION 3: HUMANIMPACT
14. Rates and processes of natural regeneration in disturbed habitats. B Forbes, A Tolvanen, FE Wielgolaski, K Laine
15. Recreation at treeline and interactions with other land use activities. A Tolvanen, B Forbes, S Wall, Y Norokorpi
16. Economic limits and possibilities for sustainable utilization of northern birch forests. B Solberg, H Tommervik, D Thannheiser, S Neuvonen
17. The vegetation changes and recent impact on the mountain birch forest during the last 40 years. D. Thannheiser, H Tommervik, J Wehberg
18. Sami approaches to mountain birch utilization in northern Sapmi (Finland and Norway). MS Aikio, L Muller-Wille
19. Sustainable reindeer herding in the mountain birch ecosystem. K Lempa, S Neuvonen, H Tommervik
20. Competition over nature, space, resources, and management in the northern mountain birch forest ecosystem. (SYNTHESIS SECTION 3) D Thannheiser, L Muller-Wille, FE Wielgolaski, K-D Meier
SECTION 4: MODELING DYNAMICS OF MOUNTAIN BIRCH FORESTS, MANAGEMENT AND FUTURE
21. Landscape-scale model relating the Nordic mountain birch forest spatio temporal dynamics to various anthropogenic influences, herbivory and climate change. AO Gautestad, FE Wielgolaski, I Mysterud
22. Scenarios for future development of the mountain birch ecosystem. AO Gautestad, FE Wielgolaski, B Solberg, I Mysterud
23. Managing the mountain birch ecosystem. Local communities and the state in Finlands forestry. L Muller-Wille, MS Aikio, V Luhta
24. Policies and developing plans towards sustainability of mountain birch ecosystems in Scandinavia. L Back, B Solberg, H Tommervik, FE Wielgolaski
SECTION 5: INTEGRATION AND CONCLUSION
25. The Nordic mountain birch ecosystem-challenges to sustainable management. (SYNTHESIS SECTIONS 1-4) FE Wielgolaski, PS Karlsson, S Neuvonen, D Thannheiser, H Tommervik, AO
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