Marmes Rockshelter : a final report on 11,000 years of cultural use

著者

    • Hicks, Brent A.

書誌事項

Marmes Rockshelter : a final report on 11,000 years of cultural use

edited by Brent A. Hicks ; with contributions by Virginia L .Butler ... [et al.]

Washington State University Press, c2004

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注記

Bibliography: p. 423-446

内容説明・目次

内容説明

The Marmes Rockshelter is one of the most significant archaeological sites in the Pacific Northwest, not only due to its 11,000-year record of human use, but also because of the attention it generated towards American archaeology throughout the Northwest, the nation, and the world. The political story behind the discovery and excavation of early Holocene human skeletal remains at the Marmes site encapsulates, and helped incite, changes in archaeological studies following passage of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. This contributed to current Cultural Resources Management processes, driven by federal government mandates to preserve archaeological materials and information and to seek greater public involvement in management program. These mandates, in fact, have led full-circle to this study, a complete analysis and interpretation of all of the available information from the rockshelter and floodplain areas of the site, and completion of a final report some thirty years after the Marmes site was excavated.

目次

1. Project Background2. Research Design Cultural Chronology Past Environment & Climate Change Site Function Trade Human Remains/Burials 3. Environmental Overview Geological Setting Glacial-era Floods & Tephra Chronology Climatic & Vegetation History Late Pleistocene Latest Pleistocene/Early Holocene Middle Holocene Early Late Holocene Late Holocene Vegetation Faunal Resources 4. Cultural Context Prehistory Ethnographic Period Historic Period 5. Stratigraphy & Site Formation Processes Geomorphic Context Rockshelter Stratigraphy Colluvial Slope Stratigraphy Floodplain Stratigraphy Site Formation 6. Features Rockshelter Hearths/Fire Pits Storage Pit Floodplain 7. Human Remains 8. Lithic Debitage & Formed Tools Raw Materials Reduction Technology Obsidian X-ray Fluorescence Blood Residue Analysis Lithic Technology Obsidian Sourcing Blood Residue Analysis Culture-History Index Fossils & Tool Functions Cascade Technique Gravels & Travels Comparisons With Other Sites 9. Modified Bone & Antler Manufacturing Technology & Function Use-Life Classes Modified Bone Collection Changes Through Time Comparison of Windust Phase Floodplain & Rockshelter Deposits 10. Faunal Remains Marmes Fauna Taxa Identified Intersite Analyses 11. Fish Remains Comparison of Rockshelter & Floodplain Fish 12. Invertebrate Fauna (Shellfish) Results by Stratum 13. Botanical Materials Temporal Considerations Contaminants 14. Summary of Results 15. Interpretation Cultural Chronology Trade Past Environment & Climate Change Site Function Subsistence Marmes Rockshelter in a Regional Perspective

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