CiNii Books - Teaching by principles : an interactive approach to language pedagogy

This third edition of Teaching by Principles features: new chapters on course design, technology and critical pedagogy to reflect current trends and advances in methodology prereading organizers at the beginning of each chapter updated, expanded references treatment of other recent "hot topics" of interest: corpus linguistics form-focused instruction multiple intelligences nonnative English-speaking teachers autonomy willingness to communicate alternatives in assessment reflective teaching Also by H. Douglas Brown: Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, Fifth Edition Language Assessment: Principles and Classroom Practices Strategies for Success: A PRactical Guide to Learning English

Table of Contents

PART I. FOUNDATIONS FOR CLASSROOM PRACTICE Chapter 1 Getting Started A Classroom Observation Beneath the Lesson Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 2 A "Methodical" History of Language Teaching Approach, Method, and Technique Changing Winds and Shifting Sands The Grammar Translation Method Gouin and the Series Method The Direct Method The Audiolingual Method Cognitive Code Learning "Designer" Methods of the Spirited 1970s Community Language Learning Suggestopedia The Silent Way Total Physical Response The Natural Approach Functional Syllabuses Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 3 The Post-Method Era: Toward Informed Approaches The Dysfunction of the Theory-Practice Dichotomy An Enlightened, Eclectic Approach Communicative Language Teaching Task-Based Language Teaching Learner-Centered Instruction Cooperative Learning Interactive Learning Whole Language Education Content-Based Instruction Other Candidates for CLT Approaches Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 4 Teaching by Principles Cognitive Principles Automaticity Meaningful Learning The Anticipation of Reward Intrinsic Motivation Strategic Investment Autonomy Socioaffective Principles Language Ego Willingness to Communicate The Language-Culture Connection Linguistic Principles The Native Language Effect Interlanguage Communicative Competence Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 5 Intrinsic Motivation in the Classroom Defining Motivation A Behavioral Definition Cognitive Definitions Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Intrinsic Motivation in Education Intrinsic Motivation in the Second Language Classroom Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART II. CONTEXTS OF LEARNING AND TEACHING Chapter 6 Teaching Across Age Levels Teaching Children Intellectual Development Attention Span Sensory Input Affective Factors Authentic, Meaningful Language Teaching Adults Teaching Teens Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 7 Teaching Across Proficiency Levels Defining Proficiency Levels Teaching Beginning Levels Teaching Intermediate Levels Teaching Advanced Levels Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 8 Sociocultural, Political, and Institutional Contexts Cultural Contexts Second and Foreign Language Contexts English as an International Language Non-native English-speaking Teachers Language Policy Issues Institutional Contexts Elementary and Secondary Schools Post-Secondary and Adult Education Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART III. DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING CLASSROOM LESSONS Chapter 9 Curriculum Design An Overview of the Curriculum Design Process Situation Analysis Needs Analysis Problematizing Specifying Goals Conceptualizing a Course Syllabus Selecting Textbooks, Materials, and Resources Assessment Program Evaluation Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 10 Lesson Planning Format of a Lesson Plan Guidelines for Lesson Planning Sample Lesson Plan Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 11 Techniques and Materials Techniques Redefined Categorizing Techniques: A Bit of History A Taxonomy of Techniques Textbooks Other Texts and Visual Aids Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 12 Technology in the Classroom Non-Computer-Based Technology Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) CALL, CMC, TMLL, or What? Principles and Benefits of CALL Uses of CALL in the Language Classroom Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research Some Useful Web Resources For Your Further Reading Chapter 13 Initiating Interaction in the Classroom What is Interaction? Interactive Principles Roles of the Interactive Teacher Foreign Language Interaction Analysis Questioning Strategies for Interactive Learning Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 14 Sustaining Interaction through Group Work Advantages of Group Work Excuses for Avoiding Group Work Implementing Group Work in Your Classroom Classroom Language Selecting Appropriate Group Techniques Planning Group Work Monitoring the Task Debriefing Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 15 Classroom Management The Physical Environment of the Classroom Your Voice and Body Language Unplanned Teaching: Midstream Lesson Changes Teaching Under Adverse Circumstances Teachers' Roles and Styles Creating a Positive Classroom Climate Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 16 Strategies-Based Instruction Strategic Investment Good Language Learners Styles of Successful Language Learning Awareness and Action Developing Student Self-awareness of Styles How to Teach Strategies in the Classroom "Packaged" Models of SBI Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART IV. TEACHING LANGUAGE SKILLS Chapter 17 Integrating the Four Skills Why Integrated Skills? Models of Skills Integration Content-Based Instruction Task-Based Language Teaching Theme-Based Instruction Experiential Learning The Episode Hypothesis An Integrated Lesson Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 18 Teaching Listening Listening Comprehension in Pedagogical Research An Interactive Model of Listening Comprehension Types of Spoken Language What Makes Listening Difficult? Microskills and Macroskills of Listening Types of Classroom Listening Performance Principles for Teaching Listening Skills Listening Techniques from Beginning to Advanced Assessing Listening in the Classroom On Understanding the terms Assessment and Test Assessing Types of Listening and Micro- and Macroskills Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 19 Teaching Speaking Oral Communication Skills in Pedagogical Research Types of Spoken Language What Makes Speaking Difficult? Micro- and Macroskills of Oral Communication Types of Classroom Speaking Performance Principles for Teaching Speaking Skills Teaching Conversation Teaching Pronunciation Focus on Form and Error Treatment Assessing Speaking in the Classroom Item Types and Tasks for Assessing Speaking Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 20 Teaching Reading Research on Reading a Second Language Genres of Written Language Characteristics of Written Language Micro- and Macroskills for Reading Comprehension Strategies for Reading Comprehension Types of Classroom Reading Performance Principles for Teaching Reading Skills Two Reading Lessons Assessing Reading Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 21 Teaching Writing Research on Second Language Writing Types of Written Language Characteristics of Written Language: A Writer's View Micro- and Macroskills for Writing Types of Classroom Writing Performance Principles for Teaching Writing Skills Assessing Writing Evaluation Checklists Writing Assessment Tasks Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 22 Form-Focused Instruction The Place of Grammar To Teach or Not to Teach Grammar Issues About How to Teach Grammar Grammar Techniques Grammar Sequencing in Textbooks and Curricula Current Issues in Vocabulary Teaching Principles for Teaching Vocabulary Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART V. ASSESSING LANGUAGE SKILLS Chapter 23 Language Assessment: Principles and Issues Testing, Assessing, and Teaching Principles of Language Assessment Practicality Reliability Validity Content Validity Face Validity Construct Validity Authenticity Washback Kinds of Tests Historical Developments in Language Assessment Current Issues in Language Assessment Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 24 Classroom-Based Assessment Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced Tests Some Practical Steps to Test Construction Turning Existing Tests into more Effective Procedures Alternatives in Assessment Scrutinizing the Alternatives Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading PART VI. LIFELONG LEARNING Chapter 25 Teacher Development Peak Performers The "Good" Language Teacher Classroom Observation Classroom-Based "Action" Research Teacher Collaboration: Learning from each other Journals, Teaching Portfolios, Reading, and Writing Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Chapter 26 Teachers for Social Responsibility Critical Pedagogy Hot Topics in the Language Classroom Moral Dilemmas and Moral Imperatives Agents for Change Topics for Discussion, Action, and Research For Your Further Reading Bibliography Name Index Subject Index

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