Sample size calculations in clinical research
著者
書誌事項
Sample size calculations in clinical research
（Chapman & Hall/CRC biostatistics series, 20）
Champan & Hall/CRC, c2008
2nd ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
収録内容
- Considerations prior to sample size calculation
- Comparing means
- Large sample tests for proportions
- Exact tests for proportions
- Tests for goodness-of-fit and contingency tables
- Comparing time-to-event data
- Group sequential methods
- Comparing variabilities
- Bioequivalence testing
- Dose response studies
- Microarray studies
- Bayesian sample size calculation
- Nonparametrics
- Sample size calculation in other areas
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Focusing on an integral part of pharmaceutical development, Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research, Second Edition presents statistical procedures for performing sample size calculations during various phases of clinical research and development. It provides sample size formulas and procedures for testing equality, noninferiority/superiority, and equivalence. A comprehensive and unified presentation of statistical concepts and practical applications, this book highlights the interactions between clinicians and biostatisticians, includes a well-balanced summary of current and emerging clinical issues, and explores recently developed statistical methodologies for sample size calculation. Whenever possible, each chapter provides a brief history or background, regulatory requirements, statistical designs and methods for data analysis, real-world examples, future research developments, and related references.
One of the few books to systematically summarize clinical research procedures, this edition contains new chapters that focus on three key areas of this field. Incorporating the material of this book in your work will help ensure the validity and, ultimately, the success of your clinical studies.
目次
Preface
Introduction
Regulatory Requirement
Basic Considerations
Procedures for Sample Size Calculation
Aims and Structure of the Book
Considerations Prior to Sample Size Calculation
Confounding and Interaction
One-Sided Test versus Two-Sided Test
Crossover Design versus Parallel Design
Subgroup/Interim Analyses
Data Transformation
Practical Issues
Comparing Means
One-Sample Design
Two-Sample Parallel Design
Two-Sample Crossover Design
Multiple-Sample One-Way ANOVA
Multiple-Sample Williams Design
Practical Issues
Large Sample Tests for Proportions
One-Sample Design
Two-Sample Parallel Design
Two-Sample Crossover Design
One-Way Analysis of Variance
Williams Design
Relative Risk-Parallel Design
Relative Risk-Crossover Design
Practical Issues
Exact Tests for Proportions
Binomial Test
Fisher's Exact Test
Optimal Multiple-Stage Designs for Single Arm Trials
Flexible Designs for Multiple-Arm Trials
Remarks
Tests for Goodness-of-Fit and Contingency Tables
Tests for Goodness-of-Fit
Test for Independence-Single Stratum
Test for Independence-Multiple Strata
Test for Categorical Shift
Carry-Over Effect Test
Practical Issues
Comparing Time-to-Event Data
Basic Concepts
Exponential Model
Cox's Proportional Hazards Model
Weighted Log-Rank Test
Practical Issues
Group Sequential Methods
Pocock's Test
O'Brien and Fleming's Test
Wang and Tsiatis' Test
Inner Wedge Test
Binary Variables
Time-to-Event Data
Alpha Spending Function
Sample Size Re-Estimation
Conditional Power
Practical Issues
Comparing Variabilities
Comparing Intra-Subject Variabilities
Comparing Intra-Subject CVs
Comparing Inter-Subject Variabilities
Comparing Total Variabilities
Practical Issues
Bioequivalence Testing
Bioequivalence Criteria
Average Bioequivalence
Population Bioequivalence
Individual Bioequivalence
In Vitro Bioequivalence
Dose Response Studies
Continuous Response
Binary Response
Time-to-Event Endpoint
Williams' Test for Minimum Effective Dose (MED)
Cochran-Armitage's Test for Trend
Dose Escalation Trials
Concluding Remarks
Microarray Studies
Literature Review
False Discovery Rate (FRD) Control
Family-Wise Error Rate (FWER) Control
Concluding Remarks
Bayesian Sample Size Calculation
Posterior Credible Interval Approach
Posterior Error Approach
The Bootstrap-Median Approach
Concluding Remarks
Nonparametrics
Violation of Assumptions
One-Sample Location Problem
Two-Sample Location Problem
Test for Independence
Practical Issues
Sample Size Calculation in Other Areas
QT/QTc Studies with Time-Dependent Replicates
Propensity Analysis in Nonrandomized Studies
ANOVA with Repeated Measures
Quality of Life
Bridging Studies
Vaccine Clinical Trials
INDEX
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