Mathematical and physical papers

Library, Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University数研

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Author: "Sir William Thomson, Baron Kelvin"-- On originals' t.p.

Editor: v. 4-6, Sir Joseph Larmor -- On originals' t.p.

First published: 1882-1911

"digitally printed version"-- T.p. verso

"Collected from different scientific periodicals from May, 1841, to the present time."-- On v. 1-3

"With supplementary articles written for the present volume, and hitherto unpublished."-- On v. 3

Contents of Works

v. 3. Elasticity, heat, electro-magnetism
v. 4. Hydrodynamics and general dynamics
v. 5. Thermodynamics cosmical and geological physics molecular and crystalline theory electrodynamics
v. 6. Voltaic theory, radioactivity, electrioins navigation and tides miscellaneous

Description and Table of Contents

Volume: v. 1 ISBN 9781108028981

Description

William Thomson, first Baron Kelvin (1824-1907), is best known for devising the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature and for his work on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, though throughout his 53-year career as a mathematical physicist and engineer at the University of Glasgow he investigated a wide range of scientific questions in areas ranging from geology to transatlantic telegraph cables. The extent of his work is revealed in the six volumes of his Mathematical and Physical Papers, published from 1882 until 1911, consisting of articles that appeared in scientific periodicals from 1841 onwards. Volume 1, published in 1882, includes articles from the period 1841-1853 and covers issues relating to heat, especially its linear motion and theories about it. Other topics include aspects of electricity, thermodynamics and research relating to magnetism.

Table of Contents

Volume: v. 2 ISBN 9781108028998

Description

William Thomson, first Baron Kelvin (1824-1907), is best known for devising the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature and for his work on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, though throughout his 53-year career as a mathematical physicist and engineer at the University of Glasgow he investigated a wide range of scientific questions in areas ranging from geology to transatlantic telegraph cables. The extent of his work is revealed in the six volumes of his Mathematical and Physical Papers, published from 1882 until 1911, consisting of articles that appeared in scientific periodicals from 1841 onwards. Volume 2, published in 1884, includes articles from the period 1853-1856, and puts a special emphasis on the issue of the development of electric telegraphy. Also included is Thomson's Bakerian Lecture on the electro-dynamic qualities of metals.

Table of Contents

64. On the mutual attraction and repulsion between two electrified spherical conductors
65. Remarques sur les oscillations d'aiguilles non cristalisees de faible pourvoir inductif paramagnetique ou diamagnetique
66. On the mechanical energies of the solar system
67. Note on the possible density of the luminiferous medium and on the mechanical value of a cubic mile of sunlight
68. Apercu sur des recherches relatives aux effets des courants electriques dans des conducteurs inegalement echauffes, et a d'autres points de la thermo-electricite
69. On mechanical antecedents of motion, heat, and light
70. Elementary demonstrations of propositions in the theory of magnetic force
71. On the magnetic medium and on the effects of compression
72. Compendium of the Fourier mathematics for the conduction of heat in solids, and the mathematically allied physical subjects of diffusion of fluids, and transmission of electric signals through submarine cables
73. On the theory of the electric telegraph
74. On the electro-static capacity of a Leyden phial and of a telegraph wire insulated in the axis of a cylindrical conducting sheath
75. On peristaltic induction of electric currents in submarine telegraph wires
76. Letters on 'Telegraphs to America'
77. On practical methods for rapid signalling by the electric telegraph
78. On the electric conductivity of commercial copper of various kinds
79. Analytical and synthetical attempts to ascertain the cause of the differences of electric conductivity discovered in wires of nearly pure copper
80. Remarks on the discharge of a a coiled electric cable
81. Velocity of electricity
82. Extract from article 'Telegraph' of Nichol's Cyclopaedia
83. On the true and false discharge of a coiled electric cable
84. On the forces concerned in the laying and lifting of deep-sea cables
85. On signalling through submarine cables
86. On the effects of mechanical strain on the thermo-electric qualities of metals
87. On the use of observations of terrestrial temperature for the investigation of absolute dates in geology
88. On the electric qualities of magnetized iron
89. On the thermo-electric position of aluminium
90. On the origin and transformations of motive power
91. On the electro-dynamic qualities of metals
Appendix.

Volume: v. 3 ISBN 9781108029001

Description

William Thomson, first Baron Kelvin (1824-1907), is best known for devising the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature and for his work on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, though throughout his 53-year career as a mathematical physicist and engineer at the University of Glasgow he investigated a wide range of scientific questions in areas ranging from geology to transatlantic telegraph cables. The extent of his work is revealed in the six volumes of his Mathematical and Physical Papers, published from 1882 until 1911, consisting of articles that appeared in scientific periodicals from 1841 onwards. Volume 3, published in 1890, includes articles from the period 1858-1890, the majority of which relate to questions around elasticity and heat, and are accompanied by extensive appendices.

Table of Contents

92. Elasticity and heat
93. On the reduction of observations of underground temperatures, with application to Professor Forbes' Edinburgh observations, and the continued Calton Hill series
94. On the secular cooling of the earth
95. On the rigidity of the earth, shiftings of the earth's instantaneous axis of rotation, and irregularities of the earth as a timekeeper
96. Dynamical problems regarding elastic spheroidal shells and spheroids of incompressible liquid
97. Molecular constitution of matter
98. Five applications of Fourier's law of diffusion, illustrated by a diagram of curves with absolute numerical values
99. Motion of a viscous liquid. Equilibrium or motion of an elastic solid. Equilibrium or motion of an ideal substance called for brevity ether. Mechanical representation for magnetic force
100. On an accidental illustration of the shallowness of a transient electric current in an iron bar
102. Ether, electricity, and ponderable matter
103. Professor Tait's experimental results regarding the compressibility of fresh water and sea water at different temperatures. Compressibilities at single temperatures of mercury, of glass, and of water with different proportions of common salt in solution. Being an extract from his contribution to the report on the scientific results of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, Vol. II. Physics and chemistry, Part IV
104. Velocities of waves of different character, and corresponding moduluses in cases of waves due to elasticity, being appendix to Art. XCII sect. 51.

Volume: v. 4 ISBN 9781108029018

Description

William Thomson, first Baron Kelvin (1824-1907), is best known for devising the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature and for his work on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, though throughout his 53-year career as a mathematical physicist and engineer at the University of Glasgow he investigated a wide range of scientific questions in areas ranging from geology to transatlantic telegraph cables. The extent of his work is revealed in the six volumes of his Mathematical and Physical Papers, published from 1882 until 1911, consisting of articles that appeared in scientific periodicals from 1841 onwards. Volume 4, published in 1910, includes articles from the period 1867-1906. Themes covered in this book examine issues relating to water, such as hydrodynamics, tidal theory and deep sea ship waves.

Table of Contents

Hydrodynamics: 1. On vortex atoms
2. On vortex motion
3. The translatory velocity of a circular vortex ring
4. On the motion of free solids through a liquid
5. Influence of wind and capillarity on waves in water supposed frictionless
6. Ripples and waves
7. On the forces experienced by solids immersed in a moving liquid
8. On attractions and repulsions due to vibration
9. On the motion of rigid solids in a liquid circulating irrotationally through perforations in them or in a fixed solid
10. Vortex statics
11. On the precessional motion of a liquid
12. Floating magnets
13. On gravitational oscillations of rotating water
14. On the formation of coreless vortices by the motion of a solid through an inviscid incompressible fluid
15. Vibrations of a columnar vortex
16. On the stability of steady and of periodic fluid motion
17. On a disturbing infinity in Lord Rayleigh's solution for waves in a plane vortex stratum
18. On the average pressure due to impulse of vortex-rings on a solid
19. On the figures of equilibrium of a rotating mass of fluid
20. On the motion of a liquid within an ellipsoidal hollow
21. On the stability and small oscillation of a perfect liquid full of nearly straight coreless vortices
22. Towards the efficiency of sails, windmills, screw-propellers in water and air, and aeroplanes
23. On the resistance of a fluid to a plane kept moving uniformly in a direction inclined to it at a small angle
24. On the motion of a heterogeneous liquid, commencing from rest with a given motion of its boundary
25. On the doctrine of discontinuity of fluid motion, in connection with the resistance against a solid moving through a fluid
Theory of the Tides: 26. On an alleged error in Laplace's Theory of the Tides
27. Note on the 'Oscillations of the First Species' in Laplace's Theory of the Tides
28. General integration of Laplace's differential equation of the tides
Waves on Water: 29. On stationary waves in flowing water
30. On the waves produced by a single impulse in water of any depth, or in a dispersive medium
31. On the front and rear of a free procession of waves in deep water
32. On ship waves
33. On the propagation of laminar motion through a turbulently moving inviscid liquid
34. Rectilineal motion of viscous fluid between two parallel planes
35. On deep-water two-dimensional waves produced by any given initiating disturbance
36. On the front and rear of a free procession of waves in deep water
37. Deep water ship-waves
38. Deep sea ship-waves
39. Initiation of deep-sea waves of three classes. 1. from a single displacement, 2. from a group of equal and similar displacements, 3. by a periodically varying surface-pressure
40. Physical explanation of the mackerel sky
General Dynamics: 41. On some kinematical and dynamical theorems
42. On a new form of centrifugal governor
43. On a new astronomical clock, and a pendulum governor for uniform motion
44. On the perturbation of the compass produced by the rolling of the ship
45. On a new form of astronomical clock with free pendulum and independently governed uniform motion for escapement-wheel
46. Elasticity viewed as possibly a mode of motion
47. Steps towards a kinetic theory of matter
48. On a gyrostatic working model of the magnetic compass
49. Gyrostatic experiments
50. On some test cases for the Maxwell-Boltzmann doctrine regarding distribution of energy
51. On a decisive test-case disproving the Maxwell-Boltzmann doctrine distribution of kinetic energy
52. On periodic motion of a finite conservative system
53. On a theorem in plane kinetic trigonometry suggested by Gauss's theorem of curvatura integra
54. On the stability of periodic motion
55. On graphic solution of dynamical problems
56. Reduction of every problem of two freedoms in conservative dynamics to the drawing of geodetic lines on a surface of giv

Volume: v. 5 ISBN 9781108029025

Description

William Thomson, first Baron Kelvin (1824-1907), is best known for devising the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature and for his work on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, though throughout his 53-year career as a mathematical physicist and engineer at the University of Glasgow he investigated a wide range of scientific questions in areas ranging from geology to transatlantic telegraph cables. The extent of his work is revealed in the six volumes of his Mathematical and Physical Papers, published from 1882 until 1911, consisting of articles that appeared in scientific periodicals from 1841 onwards. Volume 5, published in 1911, includes articles from the period 1847-1908. Topics covered include thermodynamic and electrodynamic research, as well as some works on issues of geological physics such as the possible age of the sun's heat.

Table of Contents

Part I
96. On the origin and transformations of motive power
97. On the discovery of the true form of Carnot's function
98. Discussion of J. P. Joule's paper on 'A Surface Condenser'
99. Remarks on the interior melting of ice
100. On the stratification of vesicular ice by pressure
101. On the thermal effect of drawing out a film of liquid
102. On the importance of making observations on thermal radiation during the coming eclipse of the sun
103. On the convective equilibrium of temperature in the atmosphere
104. On the protection of vegetation from destructive cold every night
105. On the dynamical theory of heat [thermal dissipation of energy of vibration of solids]
106. On the dissipation of energy
107 Dr. Balfour Stewart's meteorological blockade
108. On the ultramundane corpuscles of Le Sage
109. On steam-pressure thermometers of sulphurous acid, water, and mercury
110. On a sulphurous acid crysophorus
111. On a realised sulphurous acid steam-pressure thermometer, and on a sulphurous acid steam-pressure differential thermometer
also a note on steam-pressure thermometers
112. On a differential thermoscope founded on change of viscosity of water with change of temperature
113. On a thermomagnetic thermoscope
114. On a constant pressure gas thermometer
115. On the elimination of air from water
116. On a method of determining the critical temperature for any liquid and its vapour without mechanism
117. On the sources of energy in nature available to man for the production of mechanical effect
118. Acceleration thermodynamique du mouvement de rotation de la terre
119. On the efficiency of clothing for maintaining temperature
120. On osmotic pressure against an ideal semi-permeable membrane
121. On a differential method for measuring differences of vapour pressures of liquids at one temperature and at different temperatures
122. Animal thermostat
123. The power required for the thermodynamic heating of buildings
Cosmical and Geological Physics
part of the universe
159. On Homer Lane's problem of a spherical gaseous nebula
160. On the formation of concrete matter from atomic origins
161. The problem of a spherical gaseous nebula
Molecular and Crystalline Theory.

Volume: v. 6 ISBN 9781108029032

Description

William Thomson, first Baron Kelvin (1824-1907), is best known for devising the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature and for his work on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, though throughout his 53-year career as a mathematical physicist and engineer at the University of Glasgow he investigated a wide range of scientific questions in areas ranging from geology to transatlantic telegraph cables. The extent of his work is revealed in the six volumes of his Mathematical and Physical Papers, published from 1882 until 1911, consisting of articles that appeared in scientific periodicals from 1841 onwards. Volume 6, published in 1911, includes articles from the period 1867-1907. The chapters in the first part of the work focus on voltaic theory and radioactivity, while later ones examine navigation and tides.

Table of Contents

Voltaic Theory, Radioactivity, Electrions: 234. On Volta-convection by flame
235. Electrification of air by flame
236. On the velocity of Crookes' cathode stream
237. On the electrification of air
238. Preliminary experiments to find if subtraction of water from air electrifies it
239. Electrification of air and other gases by bubbling through water and other liquids
240. On the diselectrification of air
241. On the electrification of air
242. On the electrification and diselectrification of air and other gases
243. On the generation of longitudinal waves in ether
244. On Lippmann's colour photography with obliquely incident light
245. On measurements of electric currents through air at different densities down to one five-millionth of the density of ordinary air
246. On the communication of electricity from electrified steam to air
247. Experiments on the electrical phenomena produced in gases by Roentgen rays, by ultra-violet light, and by uranium
248. Continuation of experiments on electric properties of uranium
249. On electrical properties of fumes proceeding from flames and burning charcoal
250. Contact electricity of metals
251. Note to 'The electrification of air by uranium and its compounds'
252. Electrification of air, of vapour of water, and of other gases
253. Leakage from electrified metal plates and points placed above and below uninsulated flames
254. Nineteenth century clouds over the dynamical theory of heat and light
255. On the motion produced in an infinite elastic solid by the motion through the space occupied by it of a body acting on it only by attraction or repulsion
256. On the duties of ether for electricity and magnetism
257. Aepinus atomized
258. Becquerel rays and radioactivity
259. Contribution to B.A. discussion on the nature of the emanations from radium
260. On the destruction of cambric by radium emanations
261. Electrical insulation in 'vacuum'
262. Plan of a combination of atoms having the properties of polonium or radium
263. On the statistical kinetic equilibrium of ether in ponderable matter at any temperature
264. Plan of an atom to be capable of storing an electrion with enormous energy for radioactivity
265. An attempt to explain the radioactivity of radium
266. On the motions of ether produced by collisions of atoms or molecules, containing or not containing electrions
Navigations and Tides: 267. On the determination of a ship's place from observations of altitude
268. Amended rule for working out Sumner's method of finding a ship's place
269. On a septum permeable to water and impermeable to air, with practical applications to a navigational depth-gauge
270. On the new navigational sounding machine and depth-gauge
271. The tide gauge, tidal harmonic analyser, and tide predicter
Miscellaneous: 272. Archibald Smith, and the magnetism of ships
273. H. C. Fleeming Jenkin
274. The scientific work of Sir George Stokes [Obituary notice]
275. James Watt
276. Peter Guthrie Tait
277. Address as Chancellor at Glasgow
Index.

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