Brain
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書誌事項
Brain
（The Netter collection of medical illustrations, v. 7 . Nervous system ; pt. 1）
Elsevier/Saunders, c2013
2nd ed
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注記
Other editors: Ted M. Burns, Michael J. Aminoff, Scott L. Pomeroy
Includes additional resources and indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Brain, Part 1 of The Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations: Nervous System, 2nd Edition, provides a highly visual guide to this complex organ, from basic neurodevelopment, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and cognition to classic disorders including to epilepsy, hypothalamus/pituitary with disorders of consciousness and sleep, movement disorders, cerebellum, stroke, multiple sclerosis, neurologic infections, neuro-oncology, headaches, and brain trauma. This spectacularly illustrated volume in the masterwork known as the (CIBA) Netter "Green Books" has been expanded and revised by Drs. H. Royden Jones, Jr., Ted M. Burns, Michael J. Aminoff, and Scott L. Pomeroy to mirror the many exciting advances in medicine and imaging - offering unparalleled insights into the broad clinical spectrum of brain disorders.
Get complete, integrated visual guidance on the brain with thorough, richly illustrated coverage.
Quickly understand complex topics thanks to a concise text-atlas format that provides a context bridge between primary and specialized medicine.
Clearly visualize how core concepts of anatomy, physiology, and other basic sciences correlate across disciplines.
Benefit from matchless Netter illustrations that offer precision, clarity, detail and realism as they provide a visual approach to the clinical presentation and care of the patient.
Gain a rich clinical view of all aspects of the brain in one comprehensive volume, conveyed through beautiful illustrations as well as up-to-date radiologic images.
Clearly see the connection between basic science and clinical practice with an integrated overview of normal structure and function as it relates to pathologic conditions.
Grasp current clinical concepts regarding development, pediatrics, and adult medicine captured in classic Netter illustrations, as well as new illustrations created specifically for this volume by artist-physician Carlos Machado, MD, and others working in the Netter style.
目次
SECTION 1-NORMAL AND ABNORMAL
DEVELOPMENT
1-1 Embryo at 18 Days, 2
1-2 Embryo at 20 to 24 Days, 3
1-3 Central Nervous System at 28 Days, 4
1-4 Central Nervous System at 36 Days, 5
1-5 Defective Neural Tube Formation, 6
1-6 Defective Neural Tube Formation
(Continued), 7
1-7 Spinal Dysraphism, 8
1-8 Spinal Dysraphism (Continued), 9
1-9 Fetal Brain Growth in the First
Trimester, 10
1-10 Craniosynostosis, 11
1-11 Extracranial Hemorrhage and Skull
Fractures in the Newborn, 12
1-12 Intracranial Hemorrhage in the
Newborn, 13
1-13 The External Development of the Brain
in the Second and Third Trimesters, 14
1-14 Mature Brain Ventricles, 15
1-15 Hydrocephalus, 16
1-16 Surgical Treatment of Hydrocephalus, 17
1-17 Cerebral Palsy, 18
1-18 Establishing Cellular Diversity in the
Embryonic Brain and Spinal Cord, 20
1-19 Generation of Neuronal Diversity in the
Spinal Cord and Hindbrain, 22
1-20 Circuit Formation in the Spinal Cord, 23
1-21 Sheath and Satellite Cell Formation, 24
1-22 Development of Myelination and Axon
Ensheathment, 25
1-23 Brachial Plexus and/or Cervical Nerve
Root Injuries at Birth, 26
1-24 Morphogenesis and Regional
Differentiation of the Forebrain, 27
1-25 Neurogenesis and Cell Migration in the
Developing Neocortex, 28
1-26 Neuronal Proliferation and Migration
Disorders, 29
1-27 Developmental Dyslexia, 30
1-28 Autism Spectrum Disorders, 31
1-29 Rett Syndrome, 32
SECTION 2-CEREBRAL CORTEX AND
NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS
2-1 Superolateral Surface of Brain, 34
2-2 Medial Surface of Brain, 35
2-3 Inferior Surface of Brain, 36
2-4 Cerebral Cortex: Function and
Association Pathways, 37
2-5 Major Cortical Association Bundles, 38
2-6 Corticocortical and Subcorticocortical
Projection Circuits, 39
2-7 Corpus Callosum, 40
2-8 Rhinencephalon and Limbic System, 41
2-9 Hippocampus, 42
2-10 Fornix, 43
2-11 Amygdala, 44
2-12 Forebrain Regions Associated with
Hypothalamus, 45
2-13 Thalamocortical Radiations, 46
2-14 Neuronal Structure and Synapses, 47
2-15 Chemical Synaptic Transmission, 48
2-16 Summation of Excitation and
Inhibition, 49
2-17 Types of Neurons in Cerebral Cortex, 50
2-18 Astrocytes, 51
2-19 Testing for Defects of Higher Cortical
Function, 52
2-20 Memory Circuits, 53
2-21 Amnesia, 54
2-22 Dominant Hemisphere Language
Dysfunction, 55
2-23 Nondominant Hemisphere Higher Cortical
Dysfunction, 56
2-24 Alzheimer Disease: Pathology, 57
2-25 Alzheimer Disease: Distribution of
Pathology, 58
2-26 Alzheimer Disease: Clinical
Manifestations, Progressive Phases, 59
2-27 Frontotemporal Dementia, 60
2-28 Dementia with Lewy Bodies, 61
2-29 Vascular Dementia, 62
2-30 Treatable Dementias, 63
2-31 Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus, 64
SECTION 3-EPILEPSY
3-1 Electroencephalography, 66
3-2 Focal (Partial) Seizures, 67
3-3 Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures, 68
3-4 Absence Seizures, 69
3-5 Epileptic Syndromes, 70
3-6 Neonatal Seizures, 71
3-7 Status Epilepticus, 72
3-8 Causes of Seizures, 73
3-9 Neurobiology of Epilepsy, 74
3-10 Neurobiology of Epilepsy (Continued), 75
3-11 Neurobiology of Epilepsy (Continued), 76
3-12 Treatment of Epilepsy: Preoperative
Evaluation, 77
3-13 Treatment of Epilepsy: Resective
Surgery, 78
SECTION 4-PSYCHIATRY
4-1 Limbic System, 80
4-2 Major Depressive Disorder, 81
4-3 Postpartum Depression, 82
4-4 Bipolar Disorder, 83
4-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 84
4-6 Social Anxiety disorder, 85
4-7 Panic Disorder, 86
4-8 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, 87
4-9 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, 88
4-10 Somatization, 89
4-11 Conversion Disorder, 90
4-12 Schizophrenia, 91
4-13 Alcohol Use Disorders, 92
4-14 Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders, 93
4-15 Alcohol Withdrawal, 94
4-16 Opioid Use Disorders, 95
4-17 Opioid Withdrawal, 96
4-18 Borderline Personality Disorder, 97
4-19 Antisocial Personality Disorder, 98
4-20 Intimate Partner Abuse, 99
4-21 Elder Abuse, 100
4-22 Delirium and Acute Personality
Changes, 101
4-23 Delirium and Acute Personality Changes
(Continued), 102
4-24 Insomnia, 103
4-25 Pediatrics: Depressive Disorders, 104
4-26 Pediatrics: Anxiety Disorders, 105
4-27 Pediatrics: Disruptive Behavior
Disorders, 106
4-28 Pediatrics: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder, 107
4-29 Pediatrics: Eating Disorders, 108
4-30 Child Abuse: Fractures in Abused
Children, 109
4-31 Child Abuse: Staging of Injuries and
Injury Patterns, 110
SECTION 5-HYPOTHALAMUS, PITUITARY,
SLEEP, AND THALAMUS
5-1 Anatomic Relationships of the
Hypothalamus, 112
5-2 Development and Developmental
Disorders of the Hypothalamus, 113
5-3 Blood Supply of the Hypothalamus and
Pituitary Gland, 114
5-4 General Topography of the
Hypothalamus, 115
5-5 Overview of Hypothalamic Nuclei, 116
5-6 Hypothalamic Control of the Pituitary
Gland, 117
5-7 Hypothalamic Control of the Autonomic
Nervous System, 118
5-8 Olfactory Inputs to the
Hypothalamus, 119
5-9 Visual Inputs to the Hypothalamus, 120
5-10 Somatosensory Inputs to the
Hypothalamus, 121
5-11 Taste and Other Visceral Sensory Inputs
to the Hypothalamus, 122
5-12 Limbic and Cortical Inputs to the
Hypothalamus, 123
5-13 Overview of Hypothalamic Function and
Dysfunction, 124
5-14 Regulation of Water Balance, 125
5-15 Temperature Regulation, 126
5-16 Fever: Cytokines and Prostaglandins
Cause the Sickness Response, 127
5-17 Fever: Hypothalamic Responses During
Inflammation Modulate Immune
Response, 128
5-18 Regulation of Food Intake, Body Weight,
and Metabolism, 129
5-19 Stress Response, 130
5-20 Hypothalamic Regulation of
Cardiovascular Function, 131
5-21 Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep, 132
5-22 Narcolepsy: A Hypothalamic Sleep
Disorder, 133
5-23 Sleep-Disordered Breathing, 134
5-24 Parasomnias, 135
5-25 Divisions of the Pituitary Gland
and Its Relationships to the
Hypothalamus, 136
5-26 Posterior Pituitary Gland, 137
5-27 Anatomic Relationships of the Pituitary
Gland, 138
5-28 Effects of Pituitary Mass Lesions on the
Visual Apparatus, 139
5-29 Anterior Pituitary Hormone
Deficiencies, 140
5-30 Severe Anterior Pituitary Hormone
Deficiencies (Panhypopituitarism), 141
5-31 Postpartum Pituitary Infarction (Sheehan
Syndrome), 142
5-32 Pituitary Apoplexy, 143
5-33 Thalamic Anatomy and Pathology, 144
5-34 Thalamic Anatomy and Pathology
(Continued), 145
SECTION 6-DISORDERS OF
CONSCIOUSNESS (COMA)
6-1 Coma, 148
6-2 Disorders of Consciousness, 149
6-3 Full Outline of Unresponsiveness Score
(FOUR), 150
6-4 Prognosis in Coma Related to Severe
Head Injuries, 151
6-5 Differential Diagnosis of Coma, 152
6-6 Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage, 153
6-7 Vegetative State and Minimally Conscious
State, 154
6-8 Brain Death, 155
6-9 Ventilatory Patterns and Apnea Test, 156
SECTION 7-BASAL GANGLIA AND
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
7-1 Basal Nuclei (Ganglia), 158
7-2 Basal Ganglia and Related Structures 159
7-3 Schematic and Cross Section of Basal
Ganglia, 160
7-4 Parkinsonism: Early Manifestations, 161
7-5 Parkinsonism: Successive Clinical
Stages, 162
7-6 Neuropathology of Parkinson
Disease, 163
7-7 Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, 164
7-8 Corticobasal Degeneration, 165
7-9 Parkinsonism: Hypothesized Role of
Dopamine, 166
7-10 Surgical Management of Movement
Disorders, 167
7-11 Hyperkinetic Movement Disorder:
Idiopathic Torsion Dystonia, 168
7-12 Hyperkinetic Movement Disorder:
Cervical Dystonia, 169
7-13 Chorea/Ballism, 170
7-14 Tremor, 171
7-15 Tics and Tourette Syndrome, 172
7-16 Myoclonus, 173
7-17 Wilson Disease, 174
7-18 Psychogenic Movement Disorders, 175
7-19 Cerebral Palsy, 176
SECTION 8-CEREBELLUM AND ATAXIA
8-1 Cerebellum and the Fourth Ventricle, 178
8-2 Cerebellum Gross Anatomy, 179
8-3 Cerebellar Peduncles, 180
8-4 Cerebellar Cortex and Nuclei, 181
8-5 Cerebellar Cortex and Nuclei
(Continued), 182
8-6 Cerebellar Cortical and Corticonuclear
Circuitry, 183
8-7 Cerebellar Cortical and Corticonuclear
Circuitry (Continued), 184
8-8 Cerebellum Subdivisions and Afferent
Pathways, 185
8-9 Cerebellum Subdivisions and Afferent
Pathways (Continued), 186
8-10 Cerebellar Efferent Pathways, 187
8-11 Cerebellovestibular Pathways, 189
8-12 Cerebellum Modular Organization, 190
8-13 Cerebrocerebellar Connections, 191
8-14 Cerebellar Motor Examination, 192
8-15 Cerebellar Cognitive Affective
Syndrome, 193
8-16 Cerebellar Disorders Differential
Diagnosis, 194
8-17 Gait Disorders-Differential
Diagnosis, 195
8-18 Gait Disorders-Differential Diagnosis
(Continued), 196
8-19 Friedreich Ataxia, 197
SECTION 9-CEREBROVASCULAR
CIRCULATION AND STROKE
OVERVIEW AND APPROACH TO STROKE PATIENT
9-1 Arteries to Brain and Meninges, 200
9-2 Territories of the Cerebral Arteries, 201
9-3 Arteries of Brain: Lateral and Medial
Views, 202
9-4 Arteries Of Brain: Frontal View and
Section, 203
9-5 Stroke Subtypes, 204
9-6 Temporal Profile of Transient Ischemic
Attack (TIA) and Completed Infarction
(CI), 205
9-7 Clinical Evaluation and Therapeutic
Options in Stroke, 206
9-8 Clinical Evaluation and Therapeutic
Options in Stroke (Continued), 207
9-9 Uncommon Etiologic Mechanisms in
Stroke, 208
ANTERIOR CIRCULATION ISCHEMIA
9-10 Common Sites of Cerebrovascular
Occlusive Disease, 209
9-11 Other Etiologies of Carotid Artery
Disease, 210
9-12 Clinical Manifestations of Carotid Artery
Disease, 211
9-13 Occlusion of Middle and Anterior
Cerebral Arteries, 212
9-14 Diagnosis of Internal Carotid
Disease, 213
9-15 Diagnosis of Carotid Artery Disease, 214
9-16 Carotid Endarterectomy, 215
9-17 Endovascular ICA Angioplasty and
Stenting Using A Protective Device, 216
VERTEBRAL BASILAR SYSTEM DISORDERS
9-18 Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Basal
View, 217
9-19 Arteries of Posterior Cranial Fossa, 218
9-20 Clinical Manifestations of Vertebrobasilar
Territory Ischemia, 219
9-21 Intracranial Occlusion of Vertebral
Artery, 220
9-22 Occlusion of Basilar Artery and
Branches, 221
9-23 Occlusion of "Top of Basilar" and
Posterior Cerebral Arteries, 222
BRAIN EMBOLI
9-24 Cardiac Sources of Brain Emboli, 223
9-25 Uncommon Cardiac Mechanisms In
Stroke, 224
LACUNAR STROKE
9-26 Lacunar Infarction, 225
9-27 Risk Factors for Cardiovascular
Disease, 226
OTHER
9-28 Hypertensive Encephalopathy, 227
9-29 Hypoxia, 228
COAGULOPATHIES
9-30 Role of Platelets in Arterial
Thrombosis, 229
9-31 Inherited Thrombophilias, 230
9-32 Antiphospholipid Antibody
Syndrome, 231
VENOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS
9-33 Meninges and Superficial Cerebral
Veins, 232
9-34 Intracranial Venous Sinuses, 233
9-35 Diagnosis of Venous Sinus
Thrombosis, 234
INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
9-36 Pathogenesis and Types, 235
9-37 Clinical Manifestations of Intracranial
Hemorrhage Related to Site, 236
9-38 Vascular Malformations, 237
SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE AND
INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS
9-39 Distribution and Clinical Manifestations
of Congenital Aneurysm Rupture, 238
9-40 Giant Congenital Aneurysms, 239
9-41 Ophthalmologic Manifestations of
Cerebral Aneurysms, 240
9-42 Approach to Internal Carotid
Aneurysms, 241
9-43 Interventional Radiologic Repair of Berry
Aneurysms, 242
PEDIATRICS
9-44 Pediatric Cerebrovascular Disease, 243
REHABILITATION
9-45 Positioning in Bed and Passive
Range-of-Motion Exercises After
Stroke, 244
9-46 Aphasia Rehabilitation, 245
9-47 Other Rehabilitative Issues: Dysphagia/
Gait Training/Locked-in Syndrome, 246
SECTION 10-MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND
OTHER CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
10-1 Overview, 248
10-2 Clinical Manifestations, 249
10-3 Diagnosis, 250
10-4 Diagnosis: Spinal Cord MRI in Multiple
Sclerosis, 251
10-5 Diagnosis: Visual Evoked Response and
Spinal Fluid Analysis, 252
10-6 MS Pathophysiology, 253
10-7 MS Pathophysiology (Continued), 254
10-8 MS Relapses, 256
10-9 MS Relapses (Continued), 257
10-10 MS Relapses (Continued), 258
10-11 MS Relapses: Consequences, 259
10-12 Enigma of Progressive MS, 260
10-13 MS Pathology, 261
10-14 MS Treatment, 262
NEUROIMMUNOLOGIC SYNDROMES
10-15 Neuromyelitis Optica, Acute
Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, and
Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis
-Radiologic Findings, 264
10-16 Neuromyelitis Optica, Acute
Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, and
Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis-
Histopathologic Findings, 265
10-17 Other Neuroimmunologic Syndromes:
an Overlap Between Primary and
Paraneoplastic Processes, 266
10-18 Stiff-Man Syndrome, 267
10-19 Paraneoplastic Immune-Mediated
Disorders, 268
10-20 Paraneoplastic Immune-Mediated
Disorders (Continued), 269
10-21 Neuroimmunology: Paraneoplastic and
Other Autoimmune Syndromes-Central
Nervous System, 270
10-22 Neuroimmunology: Paraneoplastic and
Other Autoimmune Syndromes-
Peripheral Motor Sensory Unit, 271
SECTION 11-INFECTIONS OF
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
11-1 Bacterial Meningitis, 274
11-2 Bacterial Meningitis (Continued), 275
11-3 Brain Abscess, 276
11-4 Parameningeal Infections, 277
11-5 Infections in the Immunocompromised
Host: Progressive Multifocal
Leukoencephalopathy and
Nocardiosis, 278
11-6 Infections in the Immunocompromised
Host: Listeriosis and Toxoplasmosis, 279
11-7 Neurocysticercosis, 280
11-8 Spirochetal Infections: Neurosyphilis, 281
11-9 Spirochetal Infections: Lyme
Disease, 282
11-10 Tuberculosis of Brain and Spine, 283
11-11 Tetanus, 284
11-12 Aseptic Meningitis, 285
11-13 Primary HIV Infection of the Nervous
System, 286
11-14 HIV Life Cycle and Antiretroviral
Medications, 287
11-15 Poliomyelitis, 288
11-16 Herpes Zoster, 289
11-17 Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis and
Rabies, 290
11-18 Cerebral Malaria and African
Trypanosomiasis, 291
11-19 Trichinosis (Trichinellosis), 292
11-20 Cryptococcal Meningitis, 293
11-21 Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, 294
11-22 Neurosarcoidosis, 295
SECTION 12-NEURO-ONCOLOGY
12-1 Clinical Presentations of Brain
Tumors, 298
12-2 Gliomas, 299
12-3 Glioblastoma, 300
12-4 Pediatric Brain Tumors, 301
12-5 Pediatric Brain Tumors (Continued), 302
12-6 Metastatic Tumors to Brain, 303
12-7 Meningiomas, 304
12-8 Meningiomas (Continued), 305
12-9 Pituitary Tumors, 306
12-10 Clinically Nonfunctioning Pituitary
Tumor, 307
12-11 Craniopharyngioma, 308
12-12 Tumors of Pineal Region, 309
12-13 Vestibular Schwannomas, 310
12-14 Removal of Vestibular Schwannoma, 311
12-15 Intraventricular Tumors, 312
12-16 Chordomas, 313
12-17 Differential Diagnosis of CNS
Tumors, 314
12-18 Treatment Modalities, 315
SECTION 13-HEADACHE
13-1 Overview of Headaches, 318
13-2 Migraine Pathophysiology, 319
13-3 Migraine Presentation, 320
13-4 Migraine Aura, 321
13-5 Migraine Management, 322
13-6 Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalagias:
Cluster Headache, 323
13-7 Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalagias:
Paroxysmal Hemicrania (PH), 324
13-8 Tension-Type Headache and Other
Benign Episodic and Chronic
Headaches, 325
13-9 Pediatric Headache, 326
13-10 Cranial Neuralgias-Trigeminal
Neuralgia, 327
13-11 Other Cranial Neuralgias, 328
13-12 Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH),
Pseudotumor Cerebri, 329
13-13 Intracranial Hypotension/ Low
Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure
Headache, 330
13-14 Giant Cell Arteritis, 331
13-15 Contiguous Structure Headaches, 332
13-16 Thunderclap Headache and Other
Headaches Presenting in the Emergency
Department, 333
13-17 Headaches Presenting in the Emergency
Department (Continued), 334
13-18 Headaches Presenting in the Emergency
Department (Continued), 335
13-19 Headaches Presenting in the Emergency
Department (Continued), 336
SECTION 14-HEAD TRAUMA
14-1 Skull: Anterior View, 338
14-2 Skull: Lateral View, 339
14-3 Skull: Midsagittal Section, 340
14-4 Calvaria, 341
14-5 External Aspect of Skull Base, 342
14-6 Internal Aspects of Base of Skull:
Bones, 343
14-7 Internal Aspects of Base of Skull:
Orifices, 344
14-8 Skull Injuries, 345
14-9 Concussion, 346
14-10 Acute Epidural Hematoma, 347
14-11 Acute Subdural Hematoma, 348
14-12 CT Scans and MR Images of Intracranial
Hematomas, 349
14-13 Vascular Injury, 350
14-14 Initial Assessment and Management of
Head Injury, 351
14-15 Glasgow Coma Score, 352
14-16 Neurocritical Care and Management
after Traumatic Brain Injury: Devices
for Monitoring Intracranial
Pressure, 353
14-17 Neurocritical Care and Management:
Decompressive Craniectomy, 354
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