Knowledge of meaning : an introduction to semantic theory
著者
書誌事項
Knowledge of meaning : an introduction to semantic theory
（Bradford book）
MIT Press, c1995
- : pbk
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注記
Bibliography: p. [591]-610
Includes indexes
内容説明・目次
- 巻冊次
-
ISBN 9780262121934
内容説明
Many textbooks in formal semantics are all versions of, or introductions to, the same paradigm in semantic theory: Montague Grammar. "Knowledge of Meaning" is based on different assumptions and a different history. It provides the only introduction to truth-theoretic semantics for natural languages, fully integrating semantic theory into the modern Chomskyan programme in linguistic theory and connecting linguistic semantics to research elsewhere in cognitive psychology and philosophy. As such, it better fits into a modern graduate or undergraduate programme in linguistics, cognitive science, or philosophy. Furthermore, since the technical tools it employs are much simpler to teach and to master, "Knowledge of Meaning" can be taught by someone who is not primarily a semanticist. Linguistic semantics can be studied as a stand-alone subject but only as part of cognitive psychology, the authors assert. It is the study of a particular human cognitive competence governing the meanings of words and phrases.
Larson and Segal argue that speakers have unconscious knowledge about the semantic rules of their language, and they present concrete, empirically motivated proposals about a formal theory of this competence based on the work of Alfred Tarski and Donald Davidson. The theory is extended to a wide range of constructions occurring in natural language, including predicates, proper nouns, pronouns and demonstratives, quantifiers, definite descriptions, anaphoric expressions, clausal complements and adverbs. "Knowledge of Meaning" gives equal weight to philosophical, empirical and formal discussions. It addresses not only the empirical issues of linguistic semantics but also its fundamental conceptual questions, including the relation of truth to meaning and the methodology of semantic theorizing. Numerous exercises are included in the book.
目次
- Part 1 The nature of semantic theory: the pretheoretical domain of semantics
- semantic theory as a theory of linguistic knowledge
- the place and responsibilities of semantic theory. Part 2 Knowledge of meaning and theories of truth: T theories
- T theories as theories of meaning
- the theoretical domain of semantics
- the reality of semantic knowledge. Part 3 Meaning and structure: notions of structure
- constraints on semantic rules
- some syntactic theory
- concluding methodological remarks. Part 4 Verbs and predication: the structure and interpretation of elementary clauses
- the semantics of predicates and predication
- alternatives to the PC+ analysis of predicates
- evaluating the alternatives. Part 5 Proper nouns and reference: proper nouns in PC+
- descriptive names
- problems for PC+DN
- knowing the axioms of a semantic theory. Part 6 Pronouns and demonstratives: introducing contexts
- contexts, sequences and indices
- conditionalized T sentences
- complex demonstratives
- indexical pronouns and the relation sigma
- the semantic properties of pronouns and demonstratives. Part 7 Quantification: the syntactic form of quantification
- the semantics of quantification
- the theory of PredC
- quantification and the LF hypothesis
- variable-binding operators. Part 8 Quantifiers and quantifier properties: noncompositionality in PredC
- the relational analysis of determiners
- the theory GQ
- quantifier properties
- what is a quantifier?. Part 9 Definite descriptions: definite desriptions as quantifiers
- definite descriptions as referring terms
- a pragmatic alternative
- proper NPs as referential definites. Part 10 Anaphora: bound-variable anaphora
- argument anaphora
- unbound anaphora. Part 11 Clausal complements and attitude reports: clausal complements and truth values
- words, worlds and propositions
- interpreted logical forms
- the theory ILF
- ILFs and inference. Part 12 Events, states and times: analyses of adverbs
- Davidson's event analysis
- thematic roles
- states
- times. Part 13 Meaning and knowledge: semantics and linguistic individualism
- semantics and psychoindividualism
- tacit knowledge.
- 巻冊次
-
: pbk ISBN 9780262621007
内容説明
Current textbooks in formal semantics are all versions of, or introductions to, the same paradigm in semantic theory: Montague Grammar. Knowledge of Meaning is based on different assumptions and a different history. It provides the only introduction to truth- theoretic semantics for natural languages, fully integrating semantic theory into the modern Chomskyan program in linguistic theory and connecting linguistic semantics to research elsewhere in cognitive psychology and philosophy. As such, it better fits into a modern graduate or undergraduate program in linguistics, cognitive science, or philosophy. Furthermore, since the technical tools it employs are much simpler to teach and to master, Knowledge of Meaning can be taught by someone who is not primarily a semanticist.Linguistic semantics cannot be studied as a stand-alone subject but only as part of cognitive psychology, the authors assert. It is the study of a particular human cognitive competence governing the meanings of words and phrases. Larson and Segal argue that speakers have unconscious knowledge of the semantic rules of their language, and they present concrete, empirically motivated proposals about a formal theory of this competence based on the work of Alfred Tarski and Donald Davidson. The theory is extended to a wide range of constructions occurring in natural language, including predicates, proper nouns, pronouns and demonstratives, quantifiers, definite descriptions, anaphoric expressions, clausal complements, and adverbs.Knowledge of Meaning gives equal weight to philosophical, empirical, and formal discussions. It addresses not only the empirical issues of linguistic semantics but also its fundamental conceptual questions, including the relation of truth to meaning and the methodology of semantic theorizing. Numerous exercises are included in the book.
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