Statistical analysis and modelling of spatial point patterns
著者
書誌事項
Statistical analysis and modelling of spatial point patterns
(Statistics in practice)
John Wiley, c2008
大学図書館所蔵 全17件
  青森
  岩手
  宮城
  秋田
  山形
  福島
  茨城
  栃木
  群馬
  埼玉
  千葉
  東京
  神奈川
  新潟
  富山
  石川
  福井
  山梨
  長野
  岐阜
  静岡
  愛知
  三重
  滋賀
  京都
  大阪
  兵庫
  奈良
  和歌山
  鳥取
  島根
  岡山
  広島
  山口
  徳島
  香川
  愛媛
  高知
  福岡
  佐賀
  長崎
  熊本
  大分
  宮崎
  鹿児島
  沖縄
  韓国
  中国
  タイ
  イギリス
  ドイツ
  スイス
  フランス
  ベルギー
  オランダ
  スウェーデン
  ノルウェー
  アメリカ
注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Spatial point processes are mathematical models used to describe and analyse the geometrical structure of patterns formed by objects that are irregularly or randomly distributed in one-, two- or three-dimensional space. Examples include locations of trees in a forest, blood particles on a glass plate, galaxies in the universe, and particle centres in samples of material. Numerous aspects of the nature of a specific spatial point pattern may be described using the appropriate statistical methods. Statistical Analysis and Modelling of Spatial Point Patterns provides a practical guide to the use of these specialised methods. The application-oriented approach helps demonstrate the benefits of this increasingly popular branch of statistics to a broad audience.
The book:
Provides an introduction to spatial point patterns for researchers across numerous areas of application
Adopts an extremely accessible style, allowing the non-statistician complete understanding
Describes the process of extracting knowledge from the data, emphasising the marked point process
Demonstrates the analysis of complex datasets, using applied examples from areas including biology, forestry, and materials science
Features a supplementary website containing example datasets.
Statistical Analysis and Modelling of Spatial Point Patterns is ideally suited for researchers in the many areas of application, including environmental statistics, ecology, physics, materials science, geostatistics, and biology. It is also suitable for students of statistics, mathematics, computer science, biology and geoinformatics.
目次
Preface. List of Examples.
1. Introduction.
1.1 Point process statistics.
1.2 Examples of point process data.
1.2.1 A pattern of amacrine cells.
1.2.2 Gold particles.
1.2.3 A pattern of Western Australian plants.
1.2.4 Waterstriders.
1.2.5 A sample of concrete.
1.3 Historical notes.
1.3.1 Determination of number of trees in a forest.
1.3.2 Number of blood particles in a sample.
1.3.3 Patterns of points in plant communities.
1.3.4 Formulating the power law for the pair correlation function for galaxies.
1.4 Sampling and data collection.
1.4.1 General remarks.
1.4.2 Choosing an appropriate study area.
1.4.3 Data collection.
1.5 Fundamentals of the theory of point processes.
1.6 Stationarity and isotropy.
1.6.1 Model approach and design approach.
1.6.2 Finite and infinite point processes.
1.6.3 Stationarity and isotropy.
1.6.4 Ergodicity.
1.7 Summary characteristics for point processes.
1.7.1 Numerical summary characteristics.
1.7.2 Functional summary characteristics.
1.8 Secondary structures of point processes.
1.8.1 Introduction.
1.8.2 Random sets.
1.8.3 Random fields.
1.8.4 Tessellations.
1.8.5 Neighbour networks or graphs.
1.9 Simulation of point processes.
2. The Homogeneous Poisson point process.
2.1 Introduction.
2.2 The binomial point process.
2.2.1 Introduction.
2.2.2 Basic properties.
2.2.3 The periodic binomial process.
2.2.4 Simulation of the binomial process.
2.3 The homogeneous Poisson point process.
2.3.1 Introduction.
2.3.2 Basic properties.
2.3.3 Characterisations of the homogeneous Poisson process.
2.4 Simulation of a homogeneous Poisson process.
2.5 Model characteristics.
2.5.1 Moments and moment measures.
2.5.2 The Palm distribution of a homogeneous Poisson process.
2.5.3 Summary characteristics of the homogeneous Poisson process.
2.6 Estimating the intensity.
2.7 Testing complete spatial randomness.
2.7.1 Introduction.
2.7.2 Quadrat counts.
2.7.3 Distance methods.
2.7.4 The J-test.
2.7.5 Two index-based tests.
2.7.6 Discrepancy tests.
2.7.7 The L-test.
2.7.8 Other tests and recommendations.
3. Finite point processes.
3.1 Introduction.
3.2 Distributions of numbers of points.
3.2.1 The binomial distribution.
3.2.2 The Poisson distribution.
3.2.3 Compound distributions.
3.2.4 Generalised distributions.
3.3 Intensity functions and their estimation.
3.3.1 Parametric statistics for the intensity function.
3.3.2 Non-parametric estimation of the intensity function.
3.3.3 Estimating the point density distribution function.
3.4 Inhomogeneous Poisson process and finite Cox process.
3.4.1 The inhomogeneous Poisson process.
3.4.2 The finite Cox process.
3.5 Summary characteristics for finite point processes.
3.5.1 Nearest-neighbour distances.
3.5.2 Dilation function.
3.5.3 Graph-theoretic statistics.
3.5.4 Second-order characteristics.
3.6 Finite Gibbs processes.
3.6.1 Introduction.
3.6.2 Gibbs processes with fixed number of points.
3.6.3 Gibbs processes with a random number of points.
3.6.4 Second-order summary characteristics of finite Gibbs processes.
3.6.5 Further discussion.
3.6.6 Statistical inference for finite Gibbs processes.
4. Stationary point processes.
4.1 Basic definitions and notation.
4.2 Summary characteristics for stationary point processes.
4.2.1 Introduction.
4.2.2 Edge-correction methods.
4.2.3 The intensity .
4.2.4 Indices as summary characteristics.
4.2.5 Empty-space statistics and other morphological summaries.
4.2.6 The nearest-neighbour distance distribution function.
4.2.7 The J-function.
4.3 Second-order characteristics.
4.3.1 The three functions: K, L and g.
4.3.2 Theoretical foundations of second-order characteristics.
4.3.3 Estimators of the second-order characteristics.
4.3.4 Interpretation of pair correlation functions.
4.4 Higher-order and topological characteristics.
4.4.1 Introduction.
4.4.2 Third-order characteristics.
4.4.3 Delaunay tessellation characteristics.
4.4.4 The connectivity function.
4.5 Orientation analysis for stationary point processes.
4.5.1 Introduction.
4.5.2 Nearest-neighbour orientation distribution.
4.5.3 Second-order orientation analysis.
4.6 Outliers, gaps and residuals.
4.6.1 Introduction.
4.6.2 Simple outlier detection.
4.6.3 Simple gap detection.
4.6.4 Model-based outliers.
4.6.5 Residuals.
4.7 Replicated patterns.
4.7.1 Introduction.
4.7.2 Aggregation recipes.
4.8 Choosing appropriate observation windows.
4.8.1 General ideas.
4.8.2 Representative windows.
4.9 Multivariate analysis of series of point patterns.
4.10 Summary characteristics for the non-stationary case.
4.10.1 Formal application of stationary characteristics and estimators.
4.10.2 Intensity reweighting.
4.10.3 Local rescaling.
5. Stationary marked point processes.
5.1 Basic definitions and notation.
5.1.1 Introduction.
5.1.2 Marks and their properties.
5.1.3 Marking models.
5.1.4 Stationarity.
5.1.5 First-order characteristics.
5.1.6 Mark-sum measure.
5.1.7 Palm distribution.
5.2 Summary characteristics.
5.2.1 Introduction.
5.2.2 Intensity and mark-sum intensity.
5.2.3 Mean mark, mark d.f. and mark probabilities.
5.2.4 Indices for stationary marked point processes.
5.2.5 Nearest-neighbour distributions.
5.3 Second-order characteristics for marked point processes.
5.3.1 Introduction.
5.3.2 Definitions for qualitative marks.
5.3.3 Definitions for quantitative marks.
5.3.4 Estimation of second-order characteristics.
5.4 Orientation analysis for marked point processes.
5.4.1 Introduction.
5.4.2 Orientation analysis for non-isotropic processes with angular marks.
5.4.3 Orientation analysis for isotropic processes with angular marks.
5.4.4 Orientation analysis with constructed marks.
6. Modelling and simulation of stationary point processes.
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 Operations with point processes.
6.2.1 Thinning.
6.2.2 Clustering.
6.2.3 Superposition.
6.3 Cluster processes.
6.3.1 General cluster processes.
6.3.2 Neyman-Scott processes.
6.4 Stationary Cox processes.
6.4.1 Introduction.
6.4.2 Properties of stationary Cox processes.
6.5 Hard-core point processes.
6.5.1 Introduction.
6.5.2 Matern hard-core processes.
6.5.3 The dead leaves model.
6.5.4 The RSA model.
6.5.5 Random dense packings of hard spheres.
6.6 Stationary Gibbs processes.
6.6.1 Basic ideas and equations.
6.6.2 Simulation of stationary Gibbs processes.
6.6.3 Statistics for stationary Gibbs processes.
6.7 Reconstruction of point patterns.
6.7.1 Reconstructing point patterns without a specified model.
6.7.2 An example: reconstruction of Neyman-Scott processes.
6.7.3 Practical application of the reconstruction algorithm.
6.8 Formulas for marked point process models.
6.8.1 Introduction.
6.8.2 Independent marks.
6.8.3 Random field model.
6.8.4 Intensity-weighted marks.
6.9 Moment formulas for stationary shot-noise fields.
6.10 Space-time point processes.
6.10.1 Introduction.
6.10.2 Space-time Poisson processes.
6.10.3 Second-order statistics for completely stationary event processes.
6.10.4 Two examples of space-time processes.
6.11 Correlations between point processes and other random structures.
6.11.1 Introduction.
6.11.2 Correlations between point processes and random fields.
6.11.3 Correlations between point processes and fibre processes.
7. Fitting and testing point process models.
7.1 Choice of model.
7.2 Parameter estimation.
7.2.1 Maximum likelihood method.
7.2.2 Method of moments.
7.2.3 Trial-and-error estimation.
7.3 Variance estimation by bootstrap.
7.4 Goodness-of-fit tests.
7.4.1 Envelope test.
7.4.2 Deviation test.
7.5 Testing mark hypotheses.
7.5.1 Introduction.
7.5.2 Testing independent marking, test of association.
7.5.3 Testing geostatistical marking.
7.6 Bayesian methods for point pattern analysis.
Appendix A Fundamentals of statistics.
Appendix B Geometrical characteristics of sets.
Appendix C Fundamentals of geostatistics.
References.
Notation index.
Author index.
Subject index.
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