The collected papers of Albert Einstein

Author(s)

• Einstein, Albert
• Stachel, John J.
• Klein, Martin J.
• Kox, Anne J.
• Schulmann, Robert J.
• Buchwald, Diana Kormos
• Janssen, Michel
• Kennefick, Daniel
• Rowe, David E.
• Hirschmann, Rudy

Bibliographic Information

The collected papers of Albert Einstein

John Stachel, editor

Princeton University Press, 1987-

• v. 1
• v. 2
• v. 3
• v. 4
• v. 5
• v. 6
• v. 7
• v. 8, pt. A
• v. 8, pt. B
• v. 9
• v. 10
• v. 11
• v. 12
• v. 13
• v. 14
• v. 15

Other Title

Gesammelte Schriften

Note

"Gesammelte Schriften"--Jacket

Text in German, French, Hebrew and Japanese; introductory material in English

Vol. 1. The early years, 1879-1902 -- v. 2. The Swiss years: writings, 1900-1909 -- v. 3. The Swiss years: writings, 1909-1911 / Martin J. Klein ... [et al.], editors -- v. 4. The Swiss years: writings, 1912-1914 / Martin J. Klein ... [et al.], editors -- v. 5. The Swiss years: correspondence, 1902-1914 / Martin J. Klein, A.J. Kox, and Robert Schulmann, editors -- v. 6. The Berlin years: writings, 1914-1917 / A.J. Kox, Martin J. Klein, and Robert Schulmann, editors -- v. 7. The Berlin years: writings, 1918-1921 = [Band 7. Die Berliner Jahre: Schriften, 1918-1921] / [Diana Kormos Buchwald, general editor] ; Michel Janssen ... [et al.], editors ; Daniel Kennefick, A.J. Kox, and David Rowe, associate editors ; R. Hirschmann ... [et al.], editorial assistants -- v. 8. The Berlin years: correspondence, 1914-1918 / Robert Schulmann ... [et al.], editors, pt. A, 1914-1917, pt. B, 1918 -- v. 9. The Berlin years: correspondence, January 1919-April 1920 / Diana Kormos Buchwald ... [et al.], editors

Vol. 10. The Berlin years: correspondence, May-December 1920 and supplementary correspondence, 1909-1920 / Diana Kormos Buchwald ... [et al.], editors

Vol. 11. Cumulative index, bibliography, list of correspondence, chronology, and errata to volumes 1-10 / compiled by A.J. Kox ... [et al.]

Vol. 12. The Berlin years : correspondence, January-December 1921 / edited by Diana Kormos Buchwald ... [et al.]

Vol. 13. The Berlin years : writings & correspondence, January 1922-March 1923 / Diana Kormos Buchwald ... [et al.], editors

Vol. 14. The Berlin years : writings & correspondence, April 1923-May 1925 / Diana Kormos Buchwald ... [et al.], editors

Vol. 15. The Berlin years : writings & correspondence, June 1925-May 1927/ Diana Kormos Buchwald ... [et al.], editors

Includes reprinted articles

Includes bibliographies and indexes

Description and Table of Contents

Volume

v. 8, pt. B ISBN 9780691048499

Description

This volume opens in spring 1914 when Einstein takes up a research professorship at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin and closes with the collapse of the German Empire four and one-half years later. A good portion of the documentation, which comprises more than 675 letters, has only recently been discovered by the editors. The letters touch on all aspects of Einstein's activities and shed new light on his inner life, while enriching our understanding of his published papers, presented in volumes 6 and 7 of this series. The breakup of Einstein's first marriage and the divorce are presented here for the first time in all their complexity. New material shows Einstein maintaining a strong sense of moral urgency throughout the war. The scientific correspondence documents Einstein's struggle to find satisfactory field equations for his new gravitational theory--the general theory of relativity--and his continued discussion with leading physicists and mathematicians about the implications and further development of the theory.

Table of Contents

List of Texts xiii List of Illustrations xxxv INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL Introduction to Volume 8 xxxvii Editorial Method lv Acknowledgements lxv Note on the Translation lxvii List of Location Symbols lxviii List of Descriptive Symbols lxxi TEXTS 3 Alphabetical List of Texts 979 Calendar 989 Appendix 1032 Literature Cited 1035 Index 1067 Index of Citations 1109

Volume

v. 2 ISBN 9780691085265

Description

This volume of The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein contains the scientific work Einstein published during the first decade of his career, and includes some of the most significant achievements of twentieth-century physics. The first paper was written in 1900 by the twenty-one-year-old Einstein, newly graduated from the Swiss Federal Polytechnical School, or ETH, in Zurich and still searching in vain for a job. The last paper in this volume is the text of an invited lecture given in 1909 to a major scientific meeting by Einstein after he was appointed to his first academic post at the University of Zurich. He had already been recognized as an important theoretical physicist on the basis of the work reprinted here, particularly the three masterpieces that appeared in quick succession during 1905, Einstein's year of miracles. In one of these papers Einstein showed how one could finally confirm the ancient view that matter is composed of discrete atoms, and even measure the numbers and masses of these atoms. In a second paper, which even he referred to as "very revolutionary," he argued that the observed properties of thermal radiation suggest that it consists not of waves, but rather of localized particles of energy which he called energy quanta. The third and most famous paper set forth the special theory of relativity, solving some long-standing difficulties, but requiring a significant change in our understanding of those basic concepts, space and time.

Table of Contents

List of Texts ix INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL Introduction to Volume 2 xvi Supplement to the Editorial Method in Volume One xxxi A Note on Secondary Literature xxxiii Acknowledgments xxxiv Translation xxxv List of Location Symbols xxxvi TEXTS 3 Editoral Note: Einstein on the Nature of Molecular Forces 3 1."Conclusions Drawn from the Phenomena of Capillarity," 13 December 1900 "Folgerungen aus den Capillaritatserscheinungen" Annalen der Physik 4 (1901) 9 2."On the Thermodynamic Theory of the Difference in Potentials between Metals and Fully Dissociated Solutions of Their Salts and on an Electrical Method for Investigating Molecular Forces," April 1902 "Ueber die thermodynamische Theorie der Potentialdifferenz zwischen Metallen und vollstandig dissociirten Losungen ihrer Salze und uber eine elektrische Methode zur Erforschung der Molecularkrafte" Annalen der Physik 8 (1902) 22 Editorial Note: Einstein on the Foundations of Statistical Physics 41 3."Kinetic Theory of Thermal Equilibrium and of the Second Law of Thermodynamics," June 1902 "Kinetische Theorie des Warmegleichgewichtes und des zweiten Hauptsatzes der Thermodynamik" Annalen der Physik 9 (1902) 56 4."A Theory of the Foundations of Thermodynamics," January 1903 "Eine Theorie der Grundlagen der Thermodynamik" Annalen der Physik 11 (1903) 76 5."On the General Molecular Theory of Heat," 27 March 1904 "Zur allgemeinen molekularen Theorie der Warme" Annalen der Physik 14 (1904) 98 Editorial Note: Einstein's Reviews for the Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 109 6.Review of Giuseppe Belluzzo, "Principles of Graphic Thermodynamics," first half of March 1905 "Principi di termodinamica grafica" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 112 7.Review of Albert Fliegner, "On Clausius's Law of Entropy," first half of March 1905 "Uber den Clausius'schen Entropiesatz" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 115 8.Review of William McFadden Orr, "On Clausius' Theorem for Irreversible Cycles, and on the Increase of Entropy," first half of March 1905 Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 118 9.Review of George Hartley Bryan, "The Law of Degradation of Energy as the Fundamental Principle of Thermodynamics," first half of March 1905 Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 120 10.Review of Nikolay Nikolayevich Schiller, "Some Concerns Regarding the Theory of Entropy Increase Due to the Diffusion of Gases Where the Initial Pressures of the Latter Are Equal," first half of March 1905 "Einige Bedenken betreffend die Theorie der Entropievermehrung durch Diffusion der Gase bei einander gleichen Anfangsspannungen der letzteren" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 122 11.Review of Jakob Johann Weyrauch, "On the Specific Heats of Superheated Water Vapor," first half of March 1905 "Ueber die spezifischen Warmen des uberhitzten Wasserdampfes" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 125 12.Review of Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, "The Influence of the Change in Specific Heat on the Work of Conversion," first half of March 1905 "Einfluss der Anderung der spezifischen Warme auf die Umwandlungsarbeit" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 127 13.Review of Arturo Giammarco, "A Case of Corresponding States in Thermodynamics," first half of March 1905 "Un caso di corrispondenza in termodinamica" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 131 Editorial Note: Einstein's Early Work on the Quantum Hypothesis 134 14."On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light," 17 March 1905 "Uber einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt" Annalen der Physik 17 (1905) 149 Editorial Note: Einstein's Dissertation on the Determination of Molecular Dimensions 170 15.A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions (University of Zurich dissertation), 30 April 1905 Eine neue Bestimmung der MolekuldimensionenBern: Buchdruckerei K. J. Wyss, 1906 183 Editorial Note: Einstein on Brownian Motion 206 16."On the Movement of Small Particles Suspended in Stationary Liquids Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat," May 1905 "Uber die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Warme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flussigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen" Annalen der Physik 17 (1905) 223 17.Review of Karl Fredrik Slotte, "On the Heat of Fusion," second half of June 1905 "Uber die Schmelzwarme" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 237 18.Review of Karl Fredrik Slotte, "Conclusions Drawn from a Thermodynamic Equation," second half of June 1905 "Folgerungen aus einer thermodynamischen Gleichung" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 240 19.Review of Emile Mathias, "The Constant a of Rectilinear Diameters and the Laws of Corresponding States," second half of June 1905 "La constante a des dametres rectilignes et les lois des etats correspondants" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 242 20.Review of Max Planck, "On Clausius' Theorem for Irreversible Cycles, and on the Increase of Entropy," second half of June 1905 Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 245 21.Review of Edgar Buckingham, "On Certain Difficulties Which Are Encountered in the Study of Thermodynamics," second half of June 1905 Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 247 22.Review of Paul Langevin, "On a Fundamental Formula of the Kinetic Theory," second half of June 1905 "Sur une formule fondamentale de la theorie cinetique" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 250 Editorial Note: Einstein on the Theory of Relativity 253 23."On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies," June 1905 "Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Korper" Annalen der Physik 17 (1905) 275 24."Does the Inertia of a Body Depend upon its Energy Content?" September 1905 "Ist die Tragheit eines Korpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhangig?" Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 311 25.Review of Heinrich Birven, Fundamentals of the Mechanical Theory of Heat, second half of September 1905 Grundzuge der mechanischen Warmetheorie Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 316 26.Review of Auguste Ponsot, "Heat in the Displacement of the Equilibrium of a Capillary System," second half of September 1905 "Chaleur dans le deplacement de l'equilibre d'un systeme capillaire" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 318 27.Review of Karl Bohlin, "On Impact Considered as the Basis of Kinetic Theories of Gas Pressure and of Universal Gravitation," second half of September 1905 "Sur le choc, considere comme fondement des theories cinetiques de la pression des gaz et de la gravitation universelle" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 320 28.Review of Georges Meslin, "On the Constant in Mariotte and Gay-Lussac's Law," first half of November 1905 "Sur la constante de la loi de Mariotte et Gay-Lussac" Betblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 323 29.Review of Albert Fliegner, "The Efflux of Hot Water from Container Orifices," first half of November 1905 "Das Ausstromen heissen Wassers aus Gefassmundungen" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 325 30.Review of Jakob Johann Weyrauch, An Outline of the Theory of Heat. With Numerous Examples and Applications. Part 1, second half of November 1905 Grundriss der Warmetheorie. Mit zahlreichen Beispielen und Anwendungen Betblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 327 31.Review of Albert Fliegner, "On the Thermal Value of Chemical Processes," second half of November 1905 "Uber den Warmewert chemischer Vorgange" Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 29 (1905) 331 32."On the Theory of Brownian Motion," December 1905 "Zur Theorie der Brownschen Bewegung" Annalen der Physik 19 (1906) 333 33."Supplement" to "A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions" [the version of Document 15 published as an article in the Annalen der Physik], January 1906 Annalen der Physik 19 (1906) 346 34."On the Theory of Light Production and Light Absorption," March 1906 "Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung und Lichtabsorption" Annalen der Physik 20 (1906) 349 35."The Principle of Conservation of Motion of the Center of Gravity and the Inertia of Energy," May 1906 "Das Prinzip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunktsbewegung und die Tragheit der Energie" Annalen der Physik 20 (1906) 359 36."On a Method for the Determination of the Ratio of the Transverse and the Longitudinal Mass of the Electron," August 1906 "Uber eine Methode zur Bestimmung des Verhaltnisses der transversalen und longitudinalen Masse des Elektrons" Annalen der Physik 21 (1906) 367 37.Review of Max Planck, Lectures on the Theory of Thermal Radiation, first half of August 1906 Vorlesungen uber die Theorie der Warmestrahlung Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 30 (1906) 373 38."Planck's Theory of Radiation and the Theory of Specific Heat," November 1906 "Die Plancksche Theorie der Strahlung und die Theorie der spezifischen Warme" Annalen der Physik 22 (1907) 378 39."On the Limit of Validity of the Law of Thermodynamic Equilibrium and on the Possibility of a New Determination of the Elementary Quanta," December 1906 "Uber die Gultigkeitsgrenze des Satzes vom thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht und uber die Moglichkeit einer neuen Bestimmung der Elementarquanta" Annalen der Physik 22 (1907) 392 40."Theoretical Remarks on Brownian Motion," January 1907 Theoretische Bemerkungen uber die Brownsche Bewegung" Zeitschrift fur Elektrochemie und angewandte physikalische Chemie 13 (1907) 398 41."On the Possibility of a New Test of the Relativity Principle," March 1907 "Uber die Moglichkeit einer neuen Prufung des Relativitatsprinzips" Annalen der Physik 23 (1907) 401 42."Correction to My Paper: 'Planck's Theory of Radiation, etc.' " [Document 38], 3 March 1907 "Berichtigung zu meiner Arbeit: 'Die Plancksche Theorie der Strahlung etc.' " Annalen der Physik 22 (1907) 404 43.Author's abstract of lecture "On the Nature of the Movements of Microscopically Small Particles Suspended in Liquids," held 23 March 1907 "Ueber die Natur der Bewegungen mikroskopisch kleiner, in Flussigkeiten suspendierter Teilchen" Naturforschende Gesellschaft Bern. Mitteilungen (1907) 407 44."Comments on the Note of Mr. Paul Ehrenfest: 'The Translatory Motion of Deformable Electrons and the Area Law,' " 14 April 1907 "Bemerkungen zu der Notiz von Hrn. Paul Ehrenfest: 'Die Translation deformierbarer Elektronen und der Flachensatz' " Annalen der Physik 23 (1907) 409 45."On the Inertia of Energy Required by the Relativity Pnnciple," May 1907 "Uber die vom Relativitatspnnzip geforderte Tragheit der Energie" Annalen der Physik 23 (1907) 413 46.Review of Jakob Johann Weyrauch, An Outline of the Theory of Heat. With Numerous Examples and Applications. Part 2, second half of August 1907 Grundriss der Warmetheorie. Mit zahlreichen Beispielen und Anwendungen Beiblatter zu den Annalen der Physik 31 (1907) 429 47."On the Relativity Pnnciple and the Conclusions Drawn from It," 4 December 1907 "Uber das Relativitatspnnzip und die aus demselben gezogenen Folgerungen" Jahrbuch der Radioaktivitat und Elektronik 4 (1907) 432 48."A New Electrostatic Method for the Measurement of Small Quantities of Electricity," 13 February 1908 "Eine neue elektrostatische Methode zur Messung kleiner Elektrizitatsmengen" Physikalische Zeitschrift 9 (1908) 489 49."Corrections to the Paper: 'On the Relativity Principle and the Conclusions Drawn from It'" [Document 47], 29 February 1908 "Berichtigungen zu der Arbeit: 'Uber das Relativitatsprinzip und die aus demselben gezogenen Folgerungen'" Jahrbuch der Radioaktivitat und Elektronik 5 (1908) 493 50."Elementary Theory of Brownian Motion," 1 April 1908 "Elementare Theorie der Brownschen Bewegung" Zeitschrift fur Elektrochemie und angewandte physikalische Chemie 14 (1908) 496 Editorial Note: Einstein and Laub on the Electrodynamics of Moving Media 503 51."On the Fundamental Electromagnetic Equations for Moving Bodies" (with Jakob Laub), 29 April 1908 "Uber die elektromagnetischen Grundgleichungen fur bewegte Korper" Annalen der Physik 26 (1908) 508 52."On the Ponderomotive Forces Exerted on Bodies at Rest in the Electromagnetic Field" (with Jakob Laub), 7 May 1908 "Uber die im elektromagnetischen Felde auf ruhende Korper ausgeubten ponderomotorischen Krafte" Annalen der Physik 26 (1908) 518 53."Correction to the Paper: 'On the Fundamental Electromagnetic Equations for Moving Bodies' " (with Jakob Laub) [Document 51], 24 August 1908 "Berichtigung zur Abhandlung: 'Uber die elektromagnetischen Grundgleichungen fur bewegte Korper' " Annalen der Physik 27 (1908) 529 54."Remarks on Our Paper: 'On the Fundamental Electromagnetic Equations for Moving Bodies' " (with Jakob Laub) [Document 51], November 1908, and 531 "Supplement," 19 January 1909 "Bemerkungen zu unserer Arbeit: 'Uber die elektromagnetischen Grundgleichungen fur bewegte Korper,' " and "Nachtrag" Annalen der Physik 28 (1909) 531 55."Comment on the Paper of D. Mirimanoff: 'On the Fundamental Equations ... ,' " January 1909 "Bemerkung zu der Arbeit von D. Mirimanoff: 'Uber die Grundgleichungen ...' " Annalen der Physik 28 (1909) 536 56."On the Present Status of the Radiation Problem," January 1909 "Zum gegenwartigen Stand des Strahlungsproblems" Physikalische Zeitschaft 10 (1909) 541 57."On the Present Status of the Radiation Problem" (with Walter Ritz), April 1909 "Zum gegenwartigen Stand des Strahlungsproblems" Physikalische Zeitschrift 10 (1909) 554 58.Extract from "Discussion" following lecture version of Henry Siedentopf, "On Ultramicroscopic Images," 20 September 1909 Physikalische Zeitschrift 10 (1909) 556 59.Extract from "Discussion" following lecture version of Arthur Szarvassi, "The Theory of Electromagnetic Phenomena in Moving Bodies and the Energy Principle," 21 September 1909 Physikalische Zeitschrift 10 (1909) 560 60."On the Development of Our Views Concerning the Nature and Constitution of Radiation," 21 September 1909 "Uber die Entwickelung unserer Anschauungen uber das Wesen und die Konstitution der Strahlung" Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 7 (1909) 563 61."Discussion" following lecture version of "On the Development of Our Views Concerning the Nature and Constitution of Radiation" [Document 60], 21 September 1909 Physikalische Zeitschrift 10 (1909) 584 62."Discussion" following lecture version of Fritz Hasenohrl, "On the Transformation of Kinetic Energy into Radiation," 21 September 1909 Physikalische Zeitschrift 10 (1909) 588 Literture Cited 591 Indexes 625

Volume

v. 11 ISBN 9780691141879

Description

This index volume provides quick access to the most authoritative compilation of documents and information concerning Einstein's work and correspondence for the first half of his life. It offers readers a Cumulative Index to the first ten volumes of the collected papers, the first complete bibliography of Einstein's scientific and nonscientific writings until 1921, and a succinct biographical time line. This volume is an invaluable research tool for delving into Einstein's written legacy; his interactions with colleagues, institutions, friends, and family; and his scientific, political, educational, and social activities. Volume 11 presents three important and unique bibliographies: the List of Writings, 1891-1921; the Einstein Bibliography, 1901-1921; and a Cumulative Bibliography and Index of Citations for Volumes 1-10. The List of Writings includes all of Einstein's manuscripts that remained unpublished by 1921, while the Einstein Bibliography includes documents that were republished during this period. The Cumulative Bibliography and Index of Citations lists all literature written by authors cited in at least one of the first ten volumes of the series. This volume also contains two complete lists of Einstein's correspondence up through 1920, and a Chronology of Einstein's life for the years 1879-1921. The first list presents the correspondence in chronological order, while the second list presents the correspondence in alphabetical order by correspondent. The indexes and bibliographies implicitly correct inconsistencies and errata across the different volumes. Other corrections are explicitly collected in a List of Errata for the first ten volumes of the series.

Table of Contents

Volumes Published to Date VOLUME 1: The Early Years, 1879-1902 edited by John Stachel, David C. Cassidy, and Robert Schulmann (1987) VOLUME 2: The Swiss Years: Writings, 1900-1909 edited by John Stachel, David C. Cassidy, Jurgen Renn, and Robert Schulmann (1989) VOLUME 3: The Swiss Years: Writings, 1909-1911 edited by Martin J. Klein, A. J. Kox, Jurgen Renn, and Robert Schulmann (1993) VOLUME 4: The Swiss Years: Writings, 1912-1914 edited by Martin J. Klein, A. J. Kox, Jurgen Renn, and Robert Schulmann (1995) VOLUME 5: The Swiss Years: Correspondence, 1902-1914 edited by Martin J. Klein, A. J. Kox, and Robert Schulmann (1993) VOLUME 6: The Berlin Years: Writings, 1914-1917 edited by A. J. Kox, Martin J. Klein, and Robert Schulmann (1996) VOLUME 7: The Berlin Years: Writings, 1918-1921 edited by Michel Janssen, Robert Schulmann, Jozsef Illy, Christoph Lehner, and Diana Kormos Buchwald (2002) VOLUME 8: The Berlin Years: Correspondence, 1914-1918 edited by Robert Schulmann, A. J. Kox, Michel Janssen, and Jozsef Illy (1998) VOLUME 9: The Berlin Years: Correspondence, January 1919-April 1920 edited by Diana Kormos Buchwald, Robert Schulmann, Jozsef Illy, Daniel J. Kennefick, and Tilman Sauer (2004) VOLUME 10: The Berlin Years: Correspondence, May-December 1920 and Supplementary Correspondence, 1909-1919 edited by Diana Kormos Buchwald, Tilman Sauer, Ze'ev Rosenkranz, Jozsef Illy, and Virginia Iris Holmes (2006) VOLUME 11: Cumulative Index, Bibliography, List of Correspondence, Chronology, and Errata to Volumes 1-10 compiled by A. J. Kox, Tilman Sauer, Diana Kormos Buchwald, Rudy Hirschmann, Osik Moses, Benjamin Aronin, and Jennifer Stolper (2009) VOLUME 12: The Berlin Years: Correspondence, January-December 1921 edited by Diana Kormos Buchwald, Ze'ev Rosenkranz, Tilman Sauer, Jozsef Illy, and Virginia Iris Holmes (2009)

Volume

v. 12 ISBN 9780691141909

Description

In this latest volume, Einstein's visible public persona is amply documented in his correspondence, honors and prizes, lectures and travels, articles, and the many solicitations asking him to join public initiatives. Einstein joins a Zionist fundraising mission led by Ch. Weizmann, and he visits the United States for the first time. Einstein travels to major cities, including New York, Boston, and Chicago, and he delivers his now famous Princeton Lectures. Scientific issues remain at the core of Einstein's preoccupations. Correspondence with N. Bohr, W. Bothe, P. Ehrenfest, H. Geiger, H. A. Lorentz, L. Meitner, and A. Sommerfeld records Einstein's interest in and contributions to the emerging modern quantum theory. He addresses conceptual problems, such as the fundamental nature of light and its emission mechanism, in a proposed experiment with canal rays. Einstein continues to engage in original research, other expert opinions, and patent applications. Throughout the year, Einstein navigates complex territory in his professional and personal life. He travels with his older son to Bologna, yet turns down repeated invitations to Munich. He mends his friendship with M. Born, but receives stinging criticism from F. Haber for traveling to the United States. He supports the nomination of Masaryk for a Nobel Peace Prize, travels to Amsterdam in order to intervene on behalf of Germany at the Paris reparations conference, and assists Russian physicists in their efforts to rebuild and develop Russian science. Einstein's letters reveal his Social Democratic political positions.

Table of Contents

List of Texts xiii List of Illustrations xxv INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL Introduction to Volume 12 xxvii Editorial Method of the Series lxi Acknowledgments lxx Note on the Translation lxxiii Location Symbols lxxiv Descriptive Symbols lxxvi TEXTS 1 Alphabetical List of Texts 405 Calendar 419 Appendixes 489 Literature Cited 549 Index 569 Index of Citations 604

Volume

v. 13 ISBN 9780691156736

Description

In April 1922, we find Einstein lecturing in Paris, engaged in reestablishing ties among scientists in former enemy nations. Meanwhile, back in Berlin, political tensions are rising. In June, the brutal murder of his friend, Germany's foreign minister, Walther Rathenau, heavily affects Einstein who, for a while, fears for his own safety and briefly contemplates leaving Berlin and abandoning academic life altogether. When only a few months later it is announced that he will be awarded the Nobel Prize, after more than a decade of nominations, Einstein is on a steamer heading from Europe to Japan. As we learn in this volume, although he knew in advance of the coming prize, he nevertheless embarked on his longest voyage yet. His travel diary, published here for the first time, recounts in poetic prose the hectic schedule on land, the contemplative rest at sea, and his musings on science, philosophy, and art during his first encounter with the Far East, Palestine, and Spain. Einstein's work and intense scientific exchanges--with N. Bohr, P. Ehrenfest, A. Sommerfeld, M. Born, and others--during these fifteen months result in remarkable publications and intellectual developments. A paper written with Ehrenfest shows with uncompromising clarity that the outcome of the recent Stern-Gerlach experiment could not be explained by either classical or quantum theory. In a similar vein, he analyzes the phenomenon of superconductivity. Clearly among the leading quantum theorists, he focuses on its conceptual bases, tirelessly proposing crucial experiments that could decide between classical and quantum physics. We also see foundational interests develop in his concerns with a unified field theory of electromagnetism and gravitation. A translation of selected non-English texts included in Volume 13 is available in paperback at http://press.princeton.edu/titles/9874.html

Table of Contents

List of Texts xiii List of Illustrations xxxi INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL Introduction to Volume 13 xxxiii Editorial Method of the Series lxxix Acknowledgments lxxxvii Note on the Translation lxxxix List of Abbreviations xc Location Symbols xci Descriptive Symbols xciv TEXTS 1 Alphabetical List of Correspondence 753 Chronology 771 Calendar of Abstracts 783 Appendixes 833 Literature Cited 893 Index 921 Index of Citations 973

Volume

v. 15 ISBN 9780691178813

Description

This volume covers one of the most thrilling two-year periods in twentieth-century physics, as matrix mechanics-developed chiefly by W. Heisenberg, M. Born, and P. Jordan-and wave mechanics-developed by E. Schroedinger-supplanted the earlier quantum theory. The almost one hundred writings by Einstein, of which a third have never been published, and the more than thirteen hundred letters show Einstein's immense productivity and hectic pace of life. Einstein quickly grasps the conceptual peculiarities involved in the new quantum mechanics, such as the difference between Schroedinger's wave function and a field defined in spacetime, or the emerging statistical interpretation of both matrix and wave mechanics. Inspired by correspondence with G. Y. Rainich, he investigates with Jakob Grommer the problem of motion in general relativity, hoping for a hint at a new avenue to unified field theory. Einstein falls victim to scientific fraud when, in a collaboration with E. Rupp, he becomes convinced that the latter's experiments, aimed at deciding whether excited atoms emit light instantaneously (in quanta) or in a finite time (in waves), confirm a wave-theoretic explanation. While it was known that the teenage Einstein had been romantically involved with Marie Winteler in 1895, newly discovered documents reveal that his love for Marie was rekindled in 1909-10 while he was still married to Mileva Maric. The 1925 Locarno Treaties renew Einstein's optimism in European reconciliation. He backs the "International manifesto against compulsory military service" and continues his participation in the League of Nations' International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation. He remains intensely committed to the shaping of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, although his enthusiasm for this cause is sorely tested.

by "Nielsen BookData"

Details

• NCID: BA00538724
• ISBN:
  • 0691084076
  • 0691085269
  • 0691087725
  • 0691037051
  • 0691033226
  • 0691010862
  • 0691057176
  • 0691048495
  • 0691048495
  • 0691120889
  • 0691128251
  • 9780691141879
  • 9780691141909
  • 9780691156736
  • 9780691164106
  • 9780691178813
• LCCN: 86043132
• Country Code: us
• Title Language Code: eng
• Text Language Code: gerengfrehebjpn
• Place of Publication: Princeton, N.J.
• Pages/Volumes: v.
• Size: 27 cm
• Classification:
  • LCC : QC16.E5
  • DC19 : 530
  • NDC8 : 420.8
• Subject Headings:
  • LCSH : Physics
  • LCSH : Physicists -- Biography
  • LCSH : Einstein, Albert, 1879-1955